以一种新的距离度量作为反馈的相关跟踪方法

基于相关的模板匹配方法在图像跟踪中得到了广泛的应用,但是这种方法的主要缺点是对图像噪声非常敏感,而且由这种方法得出的相关曲面比较平坦。为了有效抑制噪声和局部遮挡对图像的影响,提出用鲁棒统计中的一个值代替相关值作为距离度量。它不是计算两幅图像的对应像素差值,而是计算两幅图像中差别不大的对应像素对的个数。实验证明这样得到的曲面相对　　收稿日期:2003 08 31;　修订日期:2003 10 28作者简介:张桂林(1944 ),男,天津人,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为自动识别、人体生物统计特征识别、图像处理算法与系统性能评估等。　　　　　　　要尖锐得多。当上述的距离度量应用于跟踪过程中时,模板的合理更新对跟踪非常重要。基于上述的距离度量方法,提出了一种新的模板更新策略。利用两幅图像中近似像素在整修匹配模板像素中所占的比例大小决定加权系数。这种加权策略可以自适应地根据图像序列的变化选择更新相关模板,同时在一定程度上减小模板漂移的危险。     

Using classification techniques for informal requirements in the requirements analysis-supporting system

In order to efficiently develop large-scale and complicated software, it is important for system engineers to correctly understand users’ requirements. Most requirements in large-scale projects are collected from various stakeholders located in various regions, and they are generally written in natural language. Therefore, the initial collected requirements must be classified into various topics prior to analysis phases in order to be usable as input in several requirements analysis methods. If this classification process is manually done by analysts, it becomes a time-consuming task. To solve this problem, we propose a new bootstrapping method which can automatically classify requirements sentences into each topic category using only topic words as the representative of the analysts’ views. The proposed method is verified through experiments using two requirements data sets: one written in English and the other in Korean. The significant performances were achieved in the experiments: the 84.28 and 87.91 F1 scores for the English and Korean data sets, respectively. As a result, the proposed method can provide an effective function for an Internet-based requirements analysis-supporting system so as to efficiently gather and analyze requirements from various and distributed stakeholders by using the Internet.     

Similarity retrieval of iconic image database

The perception of spatial relationships among objects in a picture is one of the important selection criteria to discriminate and retrieve the images in an iconic image database system. The data structure called 2D string, proposed by Chang et al., is adopted to represent symbolic pictures. The 2D string preserves the objects' spatial knowledge embedded in images. Since spatial relationship is a fuzzy concept, the capability of similarity retrieval for the retrieval by subpicture is essential. In this paper, similarity measure based on 2D string longest common subsequence is defined. The algorithm for similarity retrieval is also proposed. Similarity retrieval provides the iconic image database with the distinguishing function different from a conventional database.     

Inference and retrieval of facial images

Attempts have been made to extend SQL to work with multimedia databases. We are reserved on the representation ability of extended SQL to cope with the richness in content of multimedia data. In this paper we present an example of a multimedia database system, Computer Aided Facial Image Inference and Retrieval system (CAFIIR). The system stores and manages facial images and criminal records, providing necessary functions for crime identification. We would like to demonstrate some core techniques for multimedia database with CAFIIR system. Firstly, CAFIIR is a integrated system. Besides database management, there are image analysis, image composition, image aging, and report generation subsystems, providing means for problem solving. Secondly, the richness of multimedia data urges feature-based database for their management. CAFIIR is feature-based. A indexing mechanism,iconic index, has been proposed for indexing facial images using hierarchical self-organization neural network. The indexing method operates on complex feature measures and provides means for visual navigation. Thirdly, special retrieval methods for facial images have been developed, including visual browsing, similarity retrieval, free text retrieval and fuzzy retrieval.     

Comments on “Distinguishability quantification of fuzzy sets”

This paper presents some comments on the above paper regarding the manipulation of Gaussian fuzzy sets and provides two useful generalized formulas for both of similarity and similarity/possibility relationships of Gaussian fuzzy sets with different widths.     

模糊聚类在股票投资中的应用

聚类分析即将一组事物根据其性质上亲疏远近的程度进行分类,把性质相近的个体归为一类,使得同一类中的个体具有高度的同质性,不同类之间的个体具有高度的异质性。模糊聚类分析是现今模糊理论应用最广泛和最富成果的技术之一。阐述模糊聚类的理论,以部分石油股票为例,抽取影响石油股票收益因素的数据,利用最大最小法建立相似矩阵,用传递闭包法作出聚类分析,并进行总结。     

Centroid index: Cluster level similarity measure

In clustering algorithm, one of the main challenges is to solve the global allocation of the clusters instead of just local tuning of the partition borders. Despite this, all external cluster validity indexes calculate only point-level differences of two partitions without any direct information about how similar their cluster-level structures are. In this paper, we introduce a cluster level index called centroid index. The measure is intuitive, simple to implement, fast to compute and applicable in case of model mismatch as well. To a certain extent, we expect it to generalize other clustering models beyond the centroid-based k-means as well.     

基于线性动态系统稀疏编码的异常事件检测

线性动态系统模型结合稀疏编码实现异常事件检测。线性动态系统可有效地捕捉动态纹理在时间和空间的转移信息,描述视频的时空小块。然而,线性动态系统属于非欧氏空间,无法直接用传统的稀疏编码进行异常检测。基于约束凸优化公式,将相似性变换与稀疏编码结合,可实现线性动态系统稀疏编码的优化求解。实验表明,所提出的方法具有更好的性能。     

一种基于同义词词林的中文大规模本体映射方案

本体映射是解决本体异构问题的重要途径和手段,中文知识是网络开放知识库的重要组成部分,但现有的中文本体映射系统在面对大规模本体映射任务时,显得效率较低且可用性不高,目前仍缺乏针对中文大规模本体映射的相关系统。为了解决中文大规模本体的映射问题,设计并实现了一个面向中文的大规模本体映射系统。首先,提出了一种基于拟核力场势函数的大规模本体压缩方法;其次,提出了一种基于同义词词林的中文概念等价关系确定算法;再次,实现了大规模中文本体映射的原型系统;最后,将本系统与相似度计算相关典型算法进行比较,证明其具备一定的可用性和较高的总体性能。