A Cold Model Aerodynamical Test of Air-Staged Combustion in a Tangential Firing Utility Boiler

The purpose of this paper is to present the flow field in the 300MW tangential firing utility boiler that used the Low NOx Concentric Firing System （LNCFS）. Using the method of cold isothermal simulation ensures the geometric and boundary condition similarity. At the same time the condition of self-modeling is met. The experimental results show that the mixture of primary air and secondary air becomes slower, the average turbulence magnitude the relative diameter of the tangential firing enlarges of the main combustion zone becomes less and when the secondary air deflection angle increases When the velocity pressure ratio of the secondary air to the primary air （p2/p1） enlarges, the mixture of the secondary air and the primary air becomes stronger, the average turbulence magnitude of the main combustion zone increases, and the relative diameter of the tangential firing becomes larger. Because the over fire air （OFA） laid out near the wall has a powerful penetration, the relative diameter of the tangential firing on the section of the OFA is very little, but the average turbulence magnitude is great. When the velocity pressure ratio of the OFA to the primary air POFA/p1 increases, the relative diameter of the tangential firing on the section of the OFA grows little, the average turbulence magnitude becomes larger and the penetration of the OFA becomes more powerful.     

同心筒发射中旁泄流影响的数值研究

同心筒是一种先进的新型的舰载导弹垂直发射装置。文中采用动网格技术模拟了导弹在同心式发射筒内发射的瞬态过程。探讨了发射过程中旁泄流的产生与消失原因。通过设计内外筒的合理大小可以有效减弱旁泄流的影响。通过大量的数值实验,给出了避免外筒发生雍塞的代数关系式。     

幂律流体同心环空螺旋流数值模拟

环空螺旋流是钻井液在钻井作业中常见的一种流型，怎样方便、快速及高精度地计算其流速场与压力梯度是一个重要工程问题。提出直接利用线性化迭代法求解幂律流体在环空中螺旋流的流场及压力梯度，避免了求解非线性方程组而可能出现迭代发散的问题，该线性化迭代算法真实可信，精确度高。使用线性化迭代算法，仅以求解两个三对角线性方程组为一次循环，运算速度快，占用时间少，精度高，收敛性得到可靠保证，是矿场使用的好方法，为矿场作业中水力参数设计提供了科学依据。     

角点距离矩阵和同心圆划分的曲线描述与匹配

曲线匹配对于物体识别、目标跟踪、碎片拼接等有着重要的意义。针对曲线匹配的效率与鲁棒性问题,提出了一种基于角点距离矩阵和同心圆划分的曲线描述与匹配算法。该算法分为粗略匹配和精确匹配两个阶段。粗略匹配阶段首先采用角点距离矩阵来描述曲线;然后通过子矩阵的方法来匹配曲线。精确匹配阶段首先采用同心圆划分的方法描述曲线;然后通过两条曲线同心圆描述集的差异度度量函数来度量他们的相似性。算法不仅具有平移、旋转、缩放不变性,而且具有较强的鲁棒性,可用于遮挡物体的匹配以及基于轮廓的图形拼接。实验结果表明了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

On the examination of recycle on heat (and mass) transfer in concentric tubes

The effect of recycle on heat (and mass) transfer in concentric circular tubes has been investigated by finite difference methods. Theoretical results show that recycle can enhance the heat transfer rate for large Graetz numbers compared with that in an open tube (without an inner tube inserted and without recycle). Competition between a preheating effect and a residence-time effect can be used to explain the heat transfer behavior. The heat transfer rate can be further augmented, with nearly no increase in total pressure drop, by employing flow pattern B instead of flow pattern A.     

同心套管包围的多跨换热器传热管在静水中阻尼特性的实验研究

通过求解同心套管包围的带N-1个同心支承板传热管的运动方程,导出计算挤压膜阻尼和粘滞阻尼的公式.为了验证理论分析结果,对同心套管包围的四跨传热管在静水中的挤压膜阻尼和粘滞阻尼进行了实验研究,得出了粘滞阻尼与同心套管内径以及管子与同心套管偏心率的关系;挤压膜阻尼与支承板厚度、传热管与支承板管孔间隙、与支承板管孔偏心率之间的关系.在分析实验结果的基础上,得出了传热管总阻尼的公式,并为换热器设计提供了传热管管壁间距离、支承板厚度以及支承极管孔与管子间隙的参考尺寸.     

Performance Comparison of Long-Wave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Between Dyson Form and Offner Form

In view of the difficulties in traditional long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer which is hard to realize a high signal-to-noise ratio and miniaturization as well under the weak remote sensing signal,Offner convex grating spectrometer and Dyson concave grating spectrometer,both having concentric structure,are designed and analyzed in the band of 8-12 μm. The diffraction angle expressions of the two spectrometers are obtained and the diffraction characteristics are acquired. Both of the spectrometers are designed in Zemax environment under different F-numbers and different grating constants with the same slit,spatial resolution,spectral resolution and detector. The results show that Dyson grating spectrometer possesses the advantages of higher throughput and smaller volume, and Offner grating spectrometer possesses the advantage of more accessible material and the absence of chromatic aberration. The differences between Dyson form and Offner form show that the former is a better choice in the long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer.     

S-粗集与数据挖掘单位圆特征

给出单向S-粗集(one direction singular rough sets)、单向S-粗集对偶(dual of one direction singular rough sets)的结构。单向S-粗集与单向S-粗集对偶是改进Z.Pawlak粗集得到的,单向S-粗集与单向S-粗集对偶具有动态特性。给出单向S-粗集、单向S-粗集对偶与Z.Pawlak粗集的关系。S-粗集具有三类形式:单向S-粗集、单向S-粗集对偶、双向S-粗集,利用单向S-粗集、单向S-粗集对偶,给出数据内挖掘、数据外挖掘概念,给出数据内挖掘的外同心圆定理、数据外挖掘的内同心圆定理,并给出其应用。S-粗集是粗集理论与应用研究的新分支。     

一次风反切系统的数值模拟和多相流动特性分析

四角切圆燃烧锅炉,存在着稳燃和结渣的矛盾,一次风微反切技术已在多台锅炉上得到应用,较好地解决了这对矛盾并能在一定程度上降低ＮＯｘ的排放量。本文把湍流理论和多相流动理论应用于炉内空气动力场的计算机数值模拟,用投影法编制的计算软件对６００ＭＷ锅炉炉内流动进行了计算,得出了一次风反切系统中炉内速度场、实际切圆、颗粒运动轨迹等结果,与冷炉和冷模试验基本吻合,对一次风反切系统的设计和调试具有参考价值。     

无线传感器网络中一种基于覆盖的环簇路由算法

提出了一种基于覆盖的环簇路由算法CRAC。该算法利用Sink节点以广播环域坐标的方式将网络分为若干环域,并根据应用需求的服务质量计算各环域的覆盖划分以确定轮换簇,各轮换簇交替休眠以降低网络能耗。网络各环域根据能耗均衡方程确定其是否为发送环,将采集的数据并行传送到传输路径后汇聚至发送环,再由LEADER节点发送至Sink节点。仿真实验结果表明,该算法大幅度降低了网络的通信时延和能耗,延长了网络的生存时间,使节点能量均衡下降。