疏水缔合AM/C10AM/AMPS三元共聚物的合成与盐水溶液粘度性能

采用胶束氧化还原聚合方法合成了AM/C10AM/AMPS三元疏水缔合共聚物。简介了合成过程,给出了主要的合成参数。保持其他合成条件不变,分别改变疏水单体N 癸基丙烯酰胺C10AM和阴离子单体2 丙烯胺基 2 甲基丙磺酸AMPS在单体总量中的摩尔百分数(0～1.5%和15%～40%),得到了16个共聚物,在45℃、3.67和7.34s-1下测定了用矿化度4000mg/L的模拟大庆盐水配制的1000mg/L共聚物溶液的粘度,讨论了引起粘度变化的原因。有7个样品的粘度能满足大庆油田聚合物驱油的要求(7.34s-1下的粘度大于40mPa·s),其中由1.2%C10AM、35%AMPS及AM合成的共聚物样品粘度最高(61.5mPa·s)。对共聚温度等合成条件的影响作了一般性的讨论。表1参6。     

钻井液用降黏剂P的合成与表征

采用溶液聚合反应合成了2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)与单体I的二元共聚物,用作钻井液降黏剂,通过正交实验,确定了共聚物的合成条件为反应温度55℃,引发剂用量1%,单体配比AMPS:I=1:1(质量比),用红外光谱和差热分析法表征了共聚物的组成特征及其热稳定性。结果表明,共聚物的抗温能力可达到200℃以上。     

荷负电中空纤维膜用于含聚丙烯酰胺污水的处理

以聚砜中空纤维超滤膜为基体,通过紫外辐射接枝2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)制备荷负电膜,并用于含聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)污水的处理.结果表明:荷电膜通量下降率小于原膜,稳定通量是原膜的1.4倍,对PAM的去除率大于原膜,达到82%;操作压力增大,荷电膜通量衰减加快,PAM的去除率降低;随着PAM初始浓度的增大,荷电膜通量下降率先增大后基本不变;过滤不同浓度的含PAM污水,荷电膜对PAM的去除率均大于80%,COD去除率均在70%以上.在25℃,0.10 MPa下反洗20 min后荷电膜通量恢复率比原膜提高20.17%,重复使用3次后,通量恢复率仍保持在92%以上.     

AA/AMPS接枝环氧树脂E-44的水性化改性研究

为改善环氧树脂E-44的水溶性,以丙烯酸（AA）和2-甲基-2-丙烯酰胺基-丙磺酸（AMPS）为接枝共聚的单体对环氧树脂进行水性化改性.研究了引发剂、不同单体及比例和反应条件对接枝共聚物水分散稳定性的影响并通过红外光谱对产物进行了表征.结果表明,以2.71 wt％的BPO为引发剂、以体积比1∶1的无水乙醇-乙二醇单甲醚为混合溶剂,在接枝共聚反应温度110℃,下用质量比为1∶1的AA/AMPS对等质量的环氧树脂E-44进行改性,得到的改性环氧树脂水性化改性效果最好,乳液离心稳定性和贮存稳定性最高.     

新型聚合物压裂液的研制及评价

采用AM和AMPS二元共聚,合成一种水溶聚合物P(AM/AMPS)的.对合成条件进行了分析,探讨了单体、温度、引发剂和反应时间等因素对聚合物特性粘数的影响,并在此基础上形成压裂液的配方.依据SY-5107-86标准,对压裂液进行室内性能评价.结果表明该聚合物压裂液耐温、耐盐、抗剪切性能良好.     

Polymer brush coatings for combating marine biofouling

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional biocides. This review summarizes recent developments in marine antifouling polymer brushes and coatings that are tethered to material surfaces and do not actively release biocides. Polymer brush coatings have been designed to inhibit molecular fouling, microfouling and macrofouling through incorporation or inclusion of multiple functionalities. Hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydrogels, zwitterionic polymers and polysaccharides, resist attachment of marine organisms effectively due to extensive hydration. Fouling release polymer coatings, based on fluoropolymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers, minimize adhesion between marine organisms and material surfaces, leading to easy removal of biofoulants. Polycationic coatings are effective in reducing marine biofouling partly because of their good bactericidal properties. Recent advances in controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry have also allowed better molecular design and engineering of multifunctional brush coatings for improved antifouling efficacies.     

Effect of the polymerization conditions on the swelling of a copolymer of AA/AMPS/BA via experimental design

To study the effect of the polymerization conditions on swelling, a copolymer was synthesized from the monomers acrylamide (AA), 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐propanosulfonic acid (AMPS) and N,N‐methylenobisacrylamide (BA) as crosslinker by an inverse emulsion technique. The conditions were: concentration of organic solvent, s (an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, commercially Isopar M), concentration of emulsifier, e (sorbitan trioleate, commercially Tween 85), and reaction temperature, T. These three variables (factors) were explored to achieve highest water absorbency, a 2³ factorial experimental design having been applied to find the main and two‐factor interaction effects of those variables on the swelling capacity. A predictive model including the factors for the swelling is proposed, allowing for the estimation of absorbency capacity in this type of copolymers. The results show that the optimum values of the variables given by the experimental design were s = 8.1, e = 1.0, and T = 49°C, with predicted swelling capacity of 1041 and experimental of 1014. The variables are relevant, with a preponderance of s, and the effect of the square of temperature is also significant. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

MA/SAS/AMPS共聚物耐高温钻井液降粘剂的研制

合成了耐240℃高温的水基钻井液降粘剂马来酸酐/丙烯磺酸钠/2-丙烯酰胺基-甲基丙磺酸(MA/SAS/AMPS)三元共聚物。优选反应条件为:水溶液聚合,n(MA)∶n(SAS)∶n(AMPS)=5∶4∶4,引发剂w(过硫酸铵)=3.0%,w(单体)=45%,共聚反应温度为85℃,反应时间为4h,得到MA/SAS/AMPS共聚物。室内实验证明,加入0.5%该共聚物使淡水基浆在常温下表观粘度由45mPa·s降至30mPa·s,降粘率为80.2%,加入0.5%使淡水基浆在240℃老化16h后的表观粘度由50mPa·s降至34mPa·s,降粘率为65%。     

共聚物钻井液降滤失剂的合成与性能评价

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、2-甲基-2-丙烯酰胺基丙磺酸(AMPS)、丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,采用氧化还原引发体系合成了一种四元共聚物水基钻井液降滤失剂。确定了最佳合成条件:单体配比为AM/AMPS/AA/DMC=55∶30∶10∶5(质量比),引发剂加量各为0.3%(单体浓度为1),单体总浓度为20%(质量分数),反应温度为50℃,溶液p H值为7,反应时间为4 h。对聚合物进行了红外表征,合成产品与设计结构一致。钻井液性能评价结果显示:淡水基浆中聚合物加量为0.7%时,常温中压滤失量为6.0 m L,经过180℃老化后,API滤失量为8.2 m L,高温高压滤失量为11.6 m L;聚合物加量为1.0%时的页岩相对回收率达到99.4%。说明AM/AMPS/AA/DMC聚合物降滤失能力强,且热稳定性和抑制性能好。