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Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Liquid HFC-227ea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The thermal conductivity and heat capacity of liquid 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane (HFC-227ea) have been studied by a high-frequency thermal-wave method over the temperature range of 294 to 345 K at pressures up to 2.8 MPa. The purity of the samples used throughout the measurements is 99.99 mol%. The experimental uncertainties of the thermal conductivity and heat capacity measurements were estimated to be within ±1.5 and ±2%, respectively. The thermal conductivity of HFC-227ea in the liquid phase decreases as temperature increases, while the pressure has an opposite effect. 相似文献
2.
A novel optimal Finite Word Length (FWL) controller design is proposed in the framework of μ theory. A computationally tractable close-loop stability measure with FWL implementation considerations of the controller is derived based on the μ theory, and the optimal FWL controller realizations are obtained by solving the resulting optimal FWL realization problem using linear matrix inequality techniques. 相似文献
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T. Hoang Ngan Le Chia-Chen Lin Chin-Chen Chang Hoai Bac LeAuthor vitae 《Digital Signal Processing》2011,21(6):734-745
Many secret sharing schemes for digital images have been developed in recent decades. Traditional schemes typically must deal with the problem of computational complexity, and other visual secret sharing schemes come with a higher transmission cost and storage cost; that is, each shadow size is m times as big as the original secret image. The new (2,n) secret sharing scheme for grayscale images proposed in this paper is based a combination of acceptable image quality using block truncation coding (BTC), high compression ratio discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and good subjective performance of the vector quantization (VQ) technique. Experimental results confirm that our proposed scheme not only generates a high quality reconstructed original image but also generates small, random-like grayscale shadows. 相似文献
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Jianer Chen Qilong FengYang Liu Songjian LuJianxin Wang 《Theoretical computer science》2011,412(23):2503-2512
Based on the method of (n,k)-universal sets, we present a deterministic parameterized algorithm for the weighted rd-matching problem with time complexity O∗(4(r−1)k+o(k)), improving the previous best upper bound O∗(4rk+o(k)). In particular, the algorithm applied to the unweighted 3d-matching problem results in a deterministic algorithm with time O∗(16k+o(k)), improving the previous best result O∗(21.26k). For the weighted r-set packing problem, we present a deterministic parameterized algorithm with time complexity O∗(2(2r−1)k+o(k)), improving the previous best result O∗(22rk+o(k)). The algorithm, when applied to the unweighted 3-set packing problem, has running time O∗(32k+o(k)), improving the previous best result O∗(43.62k+o(k)). Moreover, for the weighted r-set packing and weighted rd-matching problems, we give a kernel of size O(kr), which is the first kernelization algorithm for the problems on weighted versions. 相似文献
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Multiband frequency domain synthesis consists in the minimization of a finite family of closed-loop transfer functions on prescribed frequency intervals. This is an algorithmically difficult problem due to its inherent nonsmoothness and nonconvexity. We extend our previous work on nonsmooth H∞ synthesis to develop a nonsmooth optimization technique to compute local solutions to multiband synthesis problems. The proposed method is shown to perform well on illustrative examples. 相似文献
6.
Fabian SobotkaThomas Kneib 《Computational statistics & data analysis》2012,56(4):755-767
Quantile regression has emerged as one of the standard tools for regression analysis that enables a proper assessment of the complete conditional distribution of responses even in the presence of heteroscedastic errors. Quantile regression estimates are obtained by minimising an asymmetrically weighted sum of absolute deviations from the regression line, a decision theoretic formulation of the estimation problem that avoids a full specification of the error term distribution. Recent advances in mean regression have concentrated on making the regression structure more flexible by including nonlinear effects of continuous covariates, random effects or spatial effects. These extensions often rely on penalised least squares or penalised likelihood estimation with quadratic penalties and may therefore be difficult to combine with the linear programming approaches often considered in quantile regression. As a consequence, geoadditive expectile regression based on minimising an asymmetrically weighted sum of squared residuals is introduced. Different estimation procedures are presented including least asymmetrically weighted squares, boosting and restricted expectile regression. The properties of these procedures are investigated in a simulation study and an analysis on rental fees in Munich is provided where the geoadditive specification allows for an analysis of nonlinear effects of the size of flats or the year of construction and the spatial distribution of rents simultaneously. 相似文献
7.
Xiao Zhang Zhao Yang Xin Huang Xingyu Wang Yuelei Pan Xiaomeng Zhou 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(41):21704-21714
Hydrogen enriched with compressed natural gas is an efficient and environment-friendly gaseous fuel. However, the safety issues of mixture and the method to control or weaken their combustion are highly concerned. To explore the inhibition effect of halogenated fire suppressants on the mixture, the effect of HFC-227ea on the laminar premixed methane/air flames, with different fractions of H2, have been studied. Burning velocities have been measured with constant-volume combustion chamber and kinetically modelled a recently assembled kinetic mechanism. The fractions of H2 influence the enhancement and inhibition effect of HFC-227ea, and it is less effective with the lean mixture. In stoichiometric condition, HFC-227ea showed good inhibition effect on the mixture flames. The HFC-227ea increased the burning velocities of CH4-0% H2-air and CH4-10% H2-air flames at leanest condition, whereas the increased burning velocity arising from HFC-227ea not occurred as the addition of H2 above 20%. Experimental results coincided well with numerical results, however the agreement was poor for the leanest flames at low agent loading. Lastly, kinetic mechanism analysis was used to interpret the combustion enhancement and inhibition effect of hydrogen-doped methane flame by HFC-227ea. 相似文献
8.
G. Benedetto R. M. Gavioso R. Spagnolo M. Grigiante G. Scalabrin 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2001,22(4):1073-1088
This work presents measurements of the speed-of-sound in the vapor phase of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea). The measurements were obtained in a stainless-steel spherical resonator with a volume of 900 cm3 at temperatures between 260 and 380 K and at pressures up to 500 kPa. Ideal-gas heat capacities and acoustic virial coefficients are directly produced from the data. A Helmholtz equation of state of high accuracy is proposed, whose parameters are directly obtained from speed-of-sound data fitting. The ideal-gas heat capacity data are fit by a functions and used when fitting the Helmholtz equation for the vapor phase. From this equation of state other thermodynamic state function are derived. Due to the high accuracy of the equation, only very precise experimental data are suitable for the model validation and only density measurements have these requirements. A very high accuracy is reached in density prediction, showing the obtained Helmholtz equation to be very reliable. The deduced vapor densities are furthermore compared with those obtained from acoustic virial coefficients with the temperature dependences calculated from hard-core square-well potentials. 相似文献
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研究了以碎茶为原料获得了在一次工艺中制取茶叶抗氧剂、咖啡碱、叶绿素的最佳工艺条件,并对茶多酚的纯度与抗氧性的关系,柠檬酸对茶多酚的抗氧增效作用进行了研究,指出茶多酚作为抗氧剂产品必须具有较高的纯度。 相似文献