Robust adaptive control of a thruster assisted position mooring system

In this paper, robust adaptive control is developed for a thruster assisted position mooring system in the transverse direction. To provide an accurate and concise representation for the dynamic behavior of the mooring system, the flexible mooring lines are modeled as a distributed parameter system of partial differential equations (PDEs). The proposed control is applied at the top boundary of the mooring lines for station keeping via Lyapunov’s direct method. Adaptive control is designed to handle the system parametric uncertainties. With the proposed robust adaptive control, uniform boundedness of the system under the ocean current disturbance is achieved. The proposed control is implementable with actual instrumentations since all the signals in the control can be measured by sensors or calculated by using a backward difference algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed control is verified by numerical simulations.     

Retaining and attracting users in social networking services: An empirical investigation of cyber migration

Users are the most critical strategic resource of any online social networking service (SNS). This paper offers strategic recommendations for SNS providers based on an empirical study exploring why users switch from a primary SNS to others. We first identify important characteristics that combine to distinguish SNSs from conventional information systems, then develop a “cyber migration” research model that includes push, pull and mooring factors which influence user intention to switch from one SNS to another. Findings from a field survey of 180 users reveal four significant factors that promote switching: dissatisfaction with socialization support, dissatisfaction with entertainment value, continuity cost, and peer influence. Strategies grounded in these factors are suggested for SNS providers to better attract and retain users.     

水下缆绳松弛-张紧过程的冲击张力影响因素实验研究

为了研究系泊缆绳在松弛-张紧过程产生冲击张力的影响因素,采用实验方法进行了研究.通过测试缆绳内的动态张力,分别研究了缆绳的端点运动和缆绳的自身特性对冲击张力的影响趋势,其中端点运动包括端点的运动频率和运动幅值,缆绳的自身特性包括缆绳长度、缆绳刚度及缆绳材料.结果表明,在相同的预张力和激励频率下,缆绳内的冲击张力随端点激励幅值增大而增大;在相同的激励幅值下,缆绳的冲击张力随激励频率的增大而增大.在相同的激励条件下,缆绳内的冲击张力随缆绳刚度和弹性模量的增大而增大,随缆绳长度的增大而减小.研究结果为理论分析和实际的工程设计提供参考依据.     

漂浮式光伏电站漂浮方阵多点系泊特性研究

位置的稳定性对光伏电站的发电效率和生产安全有着重要影响。漂浮式光伏电站漂浮方阵在风、浪、流的作用下易发生移动和旋转,而采用多点系泊系统可有效限制漂浮式光伏电站的过大偏移。以尺寸为170 m×170 m的漂浮方阵为对象,采用静力分析的方法对该方阵在多点系泊系统中的锚泊线张力及方阵偏移量进行了系列研究,得出了张力及偏移量与水平跨距、系泊密度间的规律。相关成果可为漂浮方阵多点系泊系统的设计提供参考。     

极端海况下FPSO系泊系统安全性评估与分析

针对近年极端海洋性气候频发所导致的FPSO系泊系统安全性问题,从服役多年系泊系统钢缆的剩余强度入手,评估影响船体运动的环境参数,给出系泊钢缆的安全系数。利用准静态的方法估算环境等级的范围,选取南海某型FPSO建立系泊系统耦合计算模型。应用AQWA-DRAFT与AQWA-NAUT模块,采用时域非线性方法对系泊系统进行耦合分析,在满足规范系数的前提下确定现服役系泊系统的定位能力,预报系泊系统所能承受的最大风浪流极值组合及对应的台风等级。通过计算可看出钢缆强度的下降直接影响着系泊系统的定位能力,导致其无法抵御百年一遇的台风,系泊系统可抵御台风等级降至12级。     

弹性超大型浮体系泊动力响应特性

为深入了解浮体弹性对系泊张力的影响,基于有限元思想和集中质量法对浮体的系泊系统进行耦合分析,研究弹性浮体的运动响应和系泊缆张力,编制相关程序,将所得结果与相关试验结果进行对比,验证数值方法的准确性。以某弹性超大型浮体为例,建立相关数学模型,在规则波中计算得到不同浮体弹性模量和不同波浪频率下8根系泊缆的最大张力。研究表明：在波浪频率达到共振频率之前,最大系泊张力随着波浪频率和浮体弹性模量的增大而增大;在波浪频率超过共振频率之后,最大系泊张力随着波浪频率和浮体弹性模量的增加而减小。     

Mooring system diagnosis and structural reliability control for position moored vessels

Early diagnosis and fault-tolerant control are essential for safe operation of floating platforms where mooring systems maintain vessel position and must withstand environmental loads. This paper considers two critical faults, line breakage and loss of a buoyancy element and employs vector statistical change detection for timely diagnosis of faults. Diagnosis design is scrutinised and a procedure is proposed based on specified false alarm probability and estimation of the distribution of the test statistics on which change detection is based. A structural reliability index is applied for monitoring the safety level of each mooring line and a set-point chasing algorithm accommodates the effects of line failure, as an integral part of the reliability-based set-point chasing control algorithm. The feasibility of the diagnosis and of the fault-tolerant control strategy is verified in model basin tests.     

基于神经网络的系泊系统主动式截断试验仿真

系泊系统主动式截断试验技术对缆索数值模型的求解速度有着较高的要求,而基于集中质量模型或有限元模型的缆索数值模型在计算时需要在每个时间步内迭代求解,因此求解速度缓慢;为解决此问题,采用神经网络辨识得到缆索上端点与截断点运动的时域等价近似模型;该等价模型在每个时间步内无需迭代求解,因此求解速度快于传统的缆索数值模型;同时利用商软OrcaFlex以及Matlab搭建了系泊系统主动式截断试验的仿真平台,将离线辨识得到的神经网络模型代替集中质量模型对缆索截断点运动进行求解;通过对比截断水深以及全水深下张力以及运动结果,说明了神经网络模型代替传统数值模型进行截断点运动计算的可行性。     

自动锚泊定位系统的张力混合优化算法

针对半潜式海洋平台定位系统的经济性及安全性问题,提出一种能在保证锚链力场均匀分布前提下,实现海洋平台快速准确定位的新方案。该方案以张力的优化结果作为锚链切换的临界值,同时针对系统的不确定性及海洋环境扰动的特点,设计积分型最优保性能控制器来产生抵抗环境扰动所需的控制力。锚链张力优化方面,参照Memetic算法思想,结合遗传算法与模拟退火算法的优点,构造混合算法来优化锚链的张力分布,提高张力优化速率。最后,以某型号的半潜平台为对象进行仿真分析,结果表明提出的方案均衡了张力场的分布,减小了系统的稳态误差并可以保证系统在参数变化时,保持稳定。     

深水锚泊线串联浮筒系统的动力特性分析

在时域范围内建立深水锚泊线串联浮筒系统的动力分析模型,考虑锚泊线和海床之间的接触作用,基于Morison公式计算锚泊线的惯性力和拖曳力荷载,并利用单根锚泊线由于上部浮体运动而吸收的能量来计算锚泊阻尼。分析串联浮筒系统对锚泊线张力和阻尼的影响特征,进而对串联浮筒的大小和所处位置进行参数敏感性分析。该结果对深水浮式平台锚泊系统设计中如何有效地减小锚泊张力具有实际意义。