离子液体体系卤水提锂的洗涤工艺研究

溶剂萃取法是盐湖提锂的重要工艺方法。采用磷酸三丁酯（TBP）/1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺盐（[C₄mim][NTf₂]）离子液体体系对高镁锂比盐湖卤水中的锂进行萃取分离提取实验,对负载有机相的洗涤和反萃过程进行了研究。萃取实验：在TBP与[C₄mim][NTf₂]体积比为9∶1、相比（有机相与水相的体积比）为2∶1条件下,锂离子与其他离子的分离系数分别为β（锂/钠）=94.70、β（锂/钾）=148.85、β（锂/镁）=131.81。洗涤实验：系统考察了洗涤剂种类及浓度、相比、洗涤次数等因素对杂质离子洗脱率的影响,结果发现氯化锂和盐酸的混合溶液是从负载有机相中洗涤除去杂质离子的有效洗涤剂。洗涤过程适宜条件：洗涤剂中氯化锂浓度为4 mol/L、盐酸浓度为0.5 mol/L,相比为5∶1,洗涤次数为2次。反萃实验：用稀盐酸（1.0 mol/L）对负载有机相进行反萃取,在相比为1∶1条件下,单级反萃率达到97.81%。研究表明,离子液体体系作为一种新型萃取体系,在高镁锂比盐湖卤水中提取锂具有较好的应用前景。     

盐卤除硝工艺的研究

介绍了一种采用氨碱蒸馏废液兑卤水进行除硝的新工艺 ,通过中试确定了该工艺的主要技术参数 ,为工程设计提供了条件。     

胡状集北部沙一下段盐岩沉积与油气分布规律研究

运用层序地层学的方法,利用地震岩性反演手段,对东濮凹陷胡状集北部沙一下段盐岩透镜体形成古环境、盐湖层序结构模式以及盐岩透镜体所在区域油气分布规律进行了研究.结果认为：岩性透镜体是湖泊中心或斜坡带底部发育的盐类扇体,其盐间薄层白云岩、泥质白云岩和砂岩为有利的勘探目标;对研究区寻找隐蔽油气圈闭具有重要的指导意义.     

细节决定采输卤的成败

通过认真学习《细节决定成败》，结合井矿盐开采的实际，分别以生产过程中的三个细节为主，讨论了在采输卤生产技术控制中的细节的重要性。     

国内外离子膜法烧碱生产技术综述(未完继续)

对目前国内外离子膜法烧碱生产装置的相关工艺进行了系统的阐述.     

一次盐水设备运行总结

介绍了内蒙古海吉氯碱化工股份有限公司6万t/a离子膜烧碱装置一次盐水设备的运行情况和运行过程中存在的问题及相应的技改措施.     

Rate of ammonia oxidation in a synthetic saline wastewater by a nitrifying mixed‐culture

Most of the kinetic studies on nitrification have been performed in diluted salts medium. In this work, the ammonia oxidation rate (AOR) was determined by respirometry at different ammonia (0.01 and 33.5 mg N‐NH₃ L^?1), nitrite (0–450 mg N‐NO₂^? L^?1) and nitrate (0 and 275 mg N‐NO₃^? L^?1) concentrations in a saline medium at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Sodium azide was used to uncouple the ammonia and nitrite oxidation, so as to measure independently the AOR. It was determined that ammonia causes substrate inhibition and that nitrite and nitrate exhibit product inhibition upon the AOR. The effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were represented by the Andrews equation (maximal ammonia oxidation rate, r_AOMAX, = 43.2 [mg N‐NH₃ (g VSS_AO h)^?1]; half saturation constant, K_SAO, = 0.11 mg N‐NH₃ L^?1; inhibition constant K_IAO, = 7.65 mg N‐NH₃ L^?1), by the non‐competitive inhibition model (inhibition constant, K_INI, = 176 mg N‐NO₂^? L^?1) and by the partially competitive inhibition model (inhibition constant, K_INA, = 3.3 mg N‐NO₃^? L^?1; α factor = 0.24), respectively. The r_AOMAX value is smaller, and the K_SAO value larger, than the values reported in diluted salts medium; the K_IAO value is comparable to those reported. Process simulations with the kinetic model in batch nitrifying reactors showed that the inhibitory effects of nitrite and nitrate are significant for initial ammonia concentrations larger than 100 mg N‐NH₄⁺ L^?1. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

太湖流域主要湖泊的水域动态变化

利用GIS和遥感技术对不同时期的地形图和遥感影像数据进行处理,获取3个时期(1971,1988,2002年)的太湖流域主要湖泊的水域面积。结合多种文献资料,对太湖流域主要湖泊的水域面积变化进行了研究,并分析了引起水域面积变化的主要因素。结果表明,1971~2002年期间太湖流域主要湖泊的水域面积减少了188.87 km2;湖泊水域面积减少的主要原因是由于人类活动的影响。在实地调查研究的基础上,对合理利用与保护湖泊水资源的对策进行了探讨。     

Dynamics of photosynthetic pigments in an Andean lake in Colombia

Guatavita Lake is a small, sheltered tropical high mountain lake located in the Colombian Andes, with a closed watershed and a maximum depth of 25 m. It is the freshwater source for human consumption in nearby small towns, as well as being a site of cultural value for the country, as it was a sacred place to indigenous peoples until about five centuries ago. As the structure and function of this aquatic ecosystem is poorly understood, this study provides initial knowledge on its phytoplankton biomass dynamics, which should be useful in designing efficient management plans with environmental baseline information for similar lakes elsewhere. Physical and chemical data, and photosynthetic pigment concentrations, were measured for the period November 1999–November 2000 at the central vertical axis of Guatavita Lake. The vertical profile of the chlorophyll‐a concentration was closely related to the dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations and the thermal stratification characteristics. The maximum chlorophyll‐a concentration in the metalimnion was recorded for the thermal stratification period (November 1999–June 2000). Deepening of the maximum chlorophyll‐a concentration began in February, continuing to June, when it reached its lowest value at the 15 m depth. The phytoplankton biomass values showed an increment within the entire water column at the beginning of the mixing period (July). The relation between the metalimnetic peak of chlorophyll‐a and the dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration suggests the growth of the phytoplankton community is limited mainly by the availability of nitrogen.