148例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的临床统计及随访观察

本文将我科1974年至1983年收治的148例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤就性别、年龄、发病部位、肿瘤性质以及所随访的102例口腔领面部恶肿瘤的存活率与肿瘤性质、部位、治疗等的关系进行了统计分析,并评价了冷冻治疗及颈淋巴结根治术。同时阐明了唇癌、皮肤癌淋巴结根治术的指征。     

The relationship between jaw deformity and scoliosis

Objectives To analyze the relationship between lateral displacement of the mandible and scoliosis. Methods From April 2002 through July 2003, we examined posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs and chest X-rays from 85 patients with jaw deformities and a control group of 20 patients with no jaw deformities. To measure the lateral shift of the mandible, we drew a horizontal baseline (X axis) on the cephalogram connecting the intersection of the external margins of the orbits and the most lateral points of the greater wings of the sphenoid. A vertical baseline (Y axis) was then marked perpendicular to the X axis, intersecting the ethmoid crista galli. Then, we measured the lateral displacement of the mandibular mentum from the Y axis. Displacement to the right was designated positive; that to the left was designated negative. Cobb's method was used to measure scoliosis curves on chest X-rays; the direction of the curve was designated similarly. Results Of the 85 patients with jaw deformity, 23 (27.1%) had a Cobb angle exceeding 10°. None of the control group had scoliosis exceeding 10°. No correlation was found between the direction of mandibular displacement and the direction of scoliosis. Conclusion This study suggests a relationship between jaw deformities and scoliosis, as scoliosis was found in 27.1% of the patients with a main complaint of jaw deformity.     

Le Fort型骨折的CT表现和分型

目的探讨Le Fort型骨折的CT表现及其分型。方法对62例Le Fort型骨折患者进行薄层螺旋CT扫描和三维重组分析。结果在62例中，Le FortⅠ型10例，Ⅱ型9例，Ⅲ型8例，复合型35例（其中Ⅰ＋Ⅱ型18例，I＋Ⅱ＋Ⅲ型7例，Ⅱ＋Ⅲ型10例）；55例同时伴发颌面部其他骨折。Le Fort型骨折在二维CT上表现为颌面部多发且杂乱的骨折，虽然在发现细小和深部结构的骨折方面优于三维CT成像，但难以作出Le Fort型骨折的诊断；三维CT成像能清晰立体地显示Le Fort型骨折的整体形状及走向，并可明确作出分型。结论三维CT成像是Le Fort型骨折最有效的诊断方法，对临床制定治疗方案具有指导意义，但是对细小骨折诊断不如二维CT。     

颌骨造釉细胞瘤64例临床分析

本文对我院１９５４－１９９０年收治的６４例颌骨造釉细胞瘤进行了回顾性分析，未发现１例恶性。特别是我们在长期工作实践中发现肿瘤与周围正常骨质有较明显的分界。遂于１９６３年开始试行颌骨内种瘤出术，至１９９０年６月已经成功地施了１２例，１例因手术时肿物巨大而且合并感染于术后１０年复发外，其余１１例术后随访年６个月－２７年，中位１２年１０个月均无复发。发种手术损伤小，方法简单，无损美容，预后性，特别是对颌     

口腔颌面部损伤136例分析

本文对136例口腔颌面部损伤的伤因,颌骨骨折、牙损伤及软组织损伤等情况进行了分析。讨论了口腔颌面外伤的特点、急救处理、及骨折线上牙齿的处理等问题。强调对颌面外伤的处理必须注重整体观念。     

46例颌骨骨折延迟复位固定的疗效分析

复习46例延迟复位固定的颌骨骨折病例，对延迟复位固定的时间、原因、治疗和愈合情况等进行回顾分析：延迟时间最短2d，最长12d；延迟治疗的原因多种多样，所有病例均采用手术治疗。结果，延迟2～5d复位同定者6例，均一期愈合；延迟5-10d复位同定者31例，27例一期愈合；延迟10-12d复位固定者9例，均一期愈合。     

Massive residual dental cyst: Case report

A case report is presented of a massive residual dental cyst that involved over half an edentulous mandible. Presentation, diagnosis and management of the massive cyst is discussed.     

虚拟咬合运动初步仿真模拟的研究与实现

我们试验了利用VR技术进行虚拟咬合仿真制作的全部过程。首先,采用光学三维测量仪对上下颌石膏模型进行数字化,通过预处理获取有效的三角网格曲面模型;其次,对咬合运动模型进行合理的简化,分解为一系列的平移运动和旋转运动;通过动态刷新完成开闭口运动、侧移运动的计算机运动仿真,可视化地观察咬合运动;然后利用模型碰撞检测算法动态地计算咬合接触位,并详细地分析了咬合接触时的咬合点位置分布和咬合剖切面上的咬合点接触关系;最后讨论了目前虚拟咬合仿真存在的问题和今后研究的方向。     

Different corticostriatal projections from two parts of the cortical masticatory area in the rabbit

The cortical masticatory area (CMA) elicits rhythmic jaw movements in response to repetitive stimulation and is involved in the control of mastication. Based on jaw movement patterns, the CMA is divided into two parts. One is the part of the CMA in which a T-pattern similar to jaw movements during food transport in natural mastication is evoked by electrical stimulation. The other is more dorsomedially located, and during chewing a C-pattern similar to jaw movements can be induced. However, it is still not known which region of the putamen receives projections from the CMA and whether projections originate from both parts of the CMA. In this study, electrophysiological and histological experiments were undertaken in rabbits to investigate projections from the CMA to the putamen. Both experiments showed that the ventral region of the putamen received projections from the CMA. The density of the projections from the CMA area inducing the T-pattern seemed to be higher than that from the area inducing the C-pattern. Furthermore, the peak latency of the evoked potentials from stimulation of the CMA area inducing the T-pattern was shorter than that from stimulation of the area inducing the C-pattern. The data obtained from the present study indicate the functional role of the ventral region of the putamen in the regulation of mastication, and further suggest that the corticostriatal pathway is involved in the transition between behavioral jaw movement patterns.     

Sensory components facilitating jaw-closing muscle activities in the rabbit

Summary The role of oral and facial sensory receptors in the control of masticatory muscle activities was assessed from the effect of acute deafferentiation on cortically induced rhythmic jaw movements (CRJMs) in anesthetized rabbits. When a thin polyurethane-foam strip (1.5, 2.5 or 3.5 mm thick) was placed between opposing molars during CRJMs, masseteric activities were facilitated in association with an increase in the medial excursion of the mandible during the power phase. The effects varied with the pattern of CRJMs, and the rate of facilitation was greater for small circular movements than for the crescent-shaped movements. Furthermore, the response of the masseter muscle was greater in the anterior half of the muscle, where muscle spindles are most dense, than in its posterior half. It was also demonstrated that the response increased with an increase in the thickness of the test strip. In contrast, the activities of the jaw-opening muscle were not affected significantly. The duration of masseteric bursts increased during application of the test strip and the chewing rhythm tended to slow down. However, the latter effect was not significant. After locally anesthetizing the maxillary and inferior alveolar nerves, the facultative responses of the masseter muscle to the test strip was greatly reduced but not completely abolished. Lesioning of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Mes V) where the primary ganglion cells of muscle spindle afferents from jaw-closing muscles and some periodontal afferents are located, also reduced the facilitative effects. Similar results were obtained in the animals with the kainic acid injections into the Mes V 1 week before electrical lesioning of this nucleus. In these animals the effects of electrical lesioning of the Mes V could be attributed to the loss of muscle receptor afferents since the neurons in the vicinity of the Mes V were destroyed and replaced by glial cells, whereas the Mes V neurons are resistant to kainic acid. When electrical lesioning of the Mes V and sectioning of the maxillary and inferior alveolar nerves were combined in animals with a kainic acid injection into the Mes V, the response of the masseter muscle to application of the strip was almost completely abolished. From these findings, we conclude that both periodontal receptors and muscle spindles are primarily responsible for the facilitation of jaw-closing muscle activities. Furthermore, it is suggested that the transcortical loop may not be the only path producing this facilitation since similar effects were induced in animals with ablation of the cortical masticatory area (CMA), when the test strip was placed between the molars during rhythmic jaw movements induced by pyramidal tract stimulation.