快速色谱分析技术在油气勘探中的应用

文章通过对五口井的现场应用介绍，阐述了快速色谱分析技术在油气层识别和解释方面的准确性，探讨了该技术在薄油气层的发现和评价、快速钻进条件下油气层的发现、对油气层全烃组份变化的统一、水平井的地质导向以及排除钻井液添加荆对油气显示的影响五个方面的优势，从而论证了快速色谱分析技术在油气勘探中的应用价值。     

γ－巯基两基三甲氧基硅烷对SBR的接枝改性研究

本文研究了γ－流基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（ＫＨ５９０）对白炭黑填充的ＳＢＲ胶料的光接枝反应。通过接枝反应，提高了橡胶填料间界面粘合性，也提高了硫化胶的３００％定伸模量，改善了撕裂强度、压缩永久变形及耐磨耗性等、此外，在ＮＢＲ中也取得同样改性效果。尤其是，改善了耐碱性。但经照射后在室内放置会增加凝胶化，影响到加工性能．     

偶联剂对玻璃纤维增强淀粉/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

分别以马来酸酐、KH550、KH560和KH570为偶联剂对玻璃纤维进行预处理,再与淀粉、聚乳酸(PLA)复合,通过熔融挤出法制备玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料。研究了偶联剂种类对玻璃纤维增强复合材料熔融指数、力学性能、热性能和熔融流变性能的影响。实验发现马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料的熔融指数和力学性能都依次增大,表明KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料的界面黏结作用最强。对热性能进行表征发现,马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA复合材料玻璃化转变温度、重结晶温度、结晶度和热稳定性均依次提高。受玻璃纤维与淀粉/PLA基体界面黏结效果的影响,马来酸酐、KH550、KH570、KH560处理玻璃纤维增强淀粉/PLA体系的储能模量和复数黏度依次增大。     

Responses of the reflectance indices PRI and NDVI to experimental warming and drought in European shrublands along a north-south climatic gradient

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ground-based canopy reflectance measurements to detect changes in physiology and structure of vegetation in response to experimental warming and drought treatment at six European shrublands located along a North-South climatic gradient. We measured canopy reflectance, effective green leaf area index (green LAIe) and chlorophyll fluorescence of dominant species. The treatment effects on green LAIe varied among sites. We calculated three reflectance indices: photochemical reflectance index PRI [531 nm; 570 nm], normalized difference vegetation index NDVI₆₈₀ [780 nm; 680 nm] using red spectral region, and NDVI₅₇₀ [780 nm; 570 nm] using the same green spectral region as PRI. All three reflectance indices were significantly related to green LAIe and were able to detect changes in shrubland vegetation among treatments. In general warming treatment increased PRI and drought treatment reduced NDVI values. The significant treatment effect on photochemical efficiency of plants detected with PRI could not be detected by fluorescence measurements. However, we found canopy level measured PRI to be very sensitive to soil reflectance properties especially in vegetation areas with low green LAIe. As both soil reflectance and LAI varied between northern and southern sites it is problematic to draw universal conclusions of climate-derived changes in all vegetation types based merely on PRI measurements. We propose that canopy level PRI measurements can be more useful in areas of dense vegetation and dark soils.     

四针状氧化锌晶须／EVA复合胶膜导热性能研究

采用溶液混合以及流延成膜工艺制备四针状氧化锌晶须（T-ZnOw）／EVA导热型复合胶膜。分析T-ZnOw含量对胶膜热导率的影响。结果表明：T-znow能够有效地提高复合胶膜的热导率;采用质量分数为1．5％的KH570对T-ZnOw进行表面处理,红外光谱显示KH570接枝T-Znow表面成功,经过处理之后复合胶膜热导率进一步提高;最后将复合胶膜进行交联处理,交联后的胶膜热导率表现出小幅上升趋势。     

Effect of alumina on the structure and properties of polyimide matrix films

To improve the properties of polyimide (PI), different mass fractions of alumina (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles, unmodified or modified by KH550, were incorporated into PI matrix to form PI/Al₂O₃ hybrid films by in situ polymerisation. The effects of Al₂O₃ additives on the structure, dielectric and mechanical properties of the films were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful preparation of PI/Al₂O₃ hybrid films, and the microstructures of the samples showed a more uniform dispersion of the modified Al₂O₃ nanoparticles than the unmodified ones in the matrix. The dielectric constant of the films increased with increasing filler content, and the maximum electrical breakdown strength of 311 MV m^?1 was obtained with a filler content of 8.0 wt-% modified Al₂O₃ in the matrix. Both unmodified and modified Al₂O₃-reinforced PI hybrids demonstrated improved mechanical properties compared with the PI matrix. Moreover, the properties of films with Al₂O₃ modified by KH550 were better.     

交互四元体系K+,NH4+//Cl-,H2PO4——H2O 在313.15 K时相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法研究了交互四元体系K⁺,NH₄⁺//Cl^-,H₂PO₄^--H₂O以及子体系KCl-NH₄Cl-H₂O在313.15 K时的固-液相平衡关系,并根据实验数据绘制了四元体系及子体系的相关相图和水图,采用湿渣法与X射线衍射相结合的方法对平衡固相进行鉴定。实验结果表明,三元体系KCl-NH₄Cl-H₂O是一个部分互溶体系,相图有一个共结晶点、2条单变量曲线、5个结晶区;交互四元体系K⁺,NH₄⁺//Cl^-,H₂PO₄^--H₂O中形成了（K,NH₄）Cl和（K,NH₄）H₂PO₄两种固溶体,该四元相图包括2个共饱和点、5条单变量曲线及4个结晶区。实验结果可为该体系的共结晶研究、相应的模型拟合计算提供必要基础数据。     

二维表层模型技术在地震波激发参数设计中的应用

文章通过一个勘探实例，提出了在激发条件分类中引入原始资料品质因素的方法，建立二维表层地球物理模型并进行正演计算，利用正演结果、虚反射理论分析激发效果指导野外试验。最后对地震波激发试验资料的效果进行了量化分析，进而确定了各种表层类型区的激发参数。文章展示了这些方法的地质效果，对复杂区高分辨率地震勘探具有一定的参考价值。     

多通道超声波液体流量测控系统

采用单台主机（含数据发送接口）带多路传感器，解决石油、化工等管路密集行业的流量集中测量和数据集中发送处理的问题，实现这些场合流量测量微机化、自动化。同时，解决了超声波流量计在石油、化工部门大面积推广所遇到的仪器价格偏高的问题。     

竹片/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料的界面性能研究

采用不同浓度的碱与不同浓度的硅烷偶联剂对竹片进行表面改性,研究了表面改性对竹片抗拉强度及其复合材料制品界面层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明:适当浓度的碱处理改性方法对竹片拉伸强度和竹复合材料界面剪切强度的提高要明显优于KH550改性方法,双重改性对竹片的抗拉强度具有较好的改善效果;通过扫描电镜分析冲击断面破坏方式发现,竹片/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料界面损伤模式主要表现为竹片中竹纤维抽拔断裂、基体断裂、纤维/基体界面脱粘以及剪切分层,界面性能有所改善。