Signals,timers, and continuations for multithreaded user‐level protocols

Precise timing and asynchronous I/O are appealing features for many applications. Unix kernels provide such features on a per‐process basis, using signals to communicate asynchronous events to applications. Per‐process signals and timers are grossly inadequate for complex multithreaded applications that require per‐thread signals and timers that operate at finer granularity. To respond to this need, we present a scheme that integrates asynchronous (Unix) signals with user‐level threads, using the ARIADNE system as a platform. This is done with a view towards support for portable, multithreaded, and multiprotocol distributed applications, namely the CLAM (connectionless, lightweight, and multiway) communications library. In the same context, we propose the use of continuations as an efficient mechanism for reducing thread context‐switching and busy‐wait overheads in multithreaded protocols. Our proposal for integrating timers and signal‐handling mechanisms not only solves problems related to race conditions, but also offers an efficient and flexible interface for timing and signalling threads. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

操作系统内核并发错误检测研究进展

并发错误是程序设计语言和软件工程领域的研究热点之一.近年来,针对应用程序并发错误检测的研究已取得了很大进展.但由于操作系统内核的并发和同步机制复杂、代码规模庞大,与应用程序级并发错误检测相比,操作系统内核的并发错误检测研究仍面临巨大挑战.对此,国内外学者提出了各种用于操作系统内核并发错误检测的方法.首先介绍了并发错误的基本类型、检测方法和评价指标,讨论了现有的并发错误检测方法和工具的局限性;接着,从形式化验证、静态分析、动态分析和静态动态相结合四个方面,对现有的操作系统内核并发错误检测的研究工作进行了分类阐述,并作了系统总结和对比分析;最后,探讨了操作系统内核并发错误检测研究面临的挑战,并对该领域未来的研究趋势进行了展望.     

An E?cient and Flexible Deterministic Framework for Multithreaded Programs

Determinism is very useful to multithreaded programs in debugging, testing, etc. Many deterministic ap-proaches have been proposed, such as deterministic multithreading (DMT) and deterministic replay. ...     

阈值分割法在直升机驾驶舱模拟器中的应用研究

通过对直升机起降特点及视角转换的分析研究,建立模拟起降模型;以VC++为工具,采用双缓冲技术及光栅处理技术,解决了驾驶舱图片透明化过程中存在的闪烁问题;在完成驾驶舱透明化处理的基础上通过采用阈值分割方法,实现了驾驶舱与跑道在同一窗体不同区域中的显示,通过组件调用的方式完成驾驶舱按键对飞机起降的控制,并结合多线程技术完成了直升机模拟起降的仿真测试;该方法能直观清楚的反映直升机起降过程中驾驶舱内部及外部跑道的情况,对直升机起飞降落故障研究有一定的参考价值。     

基于GPRS和嵌入式Linux的远程图像监控系统

阐述了一种基于GPRs和嵌入式Linux的远程图像监控系统设计和实现方法。该系统主要由嵌入式视频采集终端和监控中心服务器组成。其中,嵌入式视频采集终端主要由摄像头视频采集模块、ARM模块、SIM900模块组成,监控中心服务器可实时监控远程终端的图像。系统软件采用嵌入式Linux,可编程实现图像数据采集、压缩和GPRs模块的网络连接与传输。     

搜索引擎中网络蜘蛛的研究与实现

网络蜘蛛程序是搜索引擎工作的基础和关键,实现了抓取网络资源的网络蜘蛛程序,通过入口网址下载网络资源,并对其分析,获得包含的其他链接,利用这些链接向整个网络扩散,下载其他资源。测试了蜘蛛程序抓取网页的能力,并对多线程实现的利弊进行讨论,总结了常用的算法搜索策略,提出了后续的研究方向。     

The Impact of Speculative Execution on SMT Processors

By executing two or more threads concurrently, Simultaneous MultiThreading (SMT) architectures are able to exploit both Instruction-Level Parallelism (ILP) and Thread-Level Parallelism (TLP) from the increased number of in-flight instructions that are fetched from multiple threads. However, due to incorrect control speculations, a significant number of these in-flight instructions are discarded from the pipelines of SMT processors (which is a direct consequence of these pipelines getting wider and deeper). Although increasing the accuracy of branch predictors may reduce the number of instructions so discarded from the pipelines, the prediction accuracy cannot be easily scaled up since aggressive branch prediction schemes strongly depend on the particular predictability inherently to the application programs. In this paper, we present an efficient thread scheduling mechanism for SMT processors, called SAFE-T (Speculation-Aware Front-End Throttling): it is easy to implement and allows an SMT processor to selectively perform speculative execution of threads according to the confidence level on branch predictions, hence preventing wrong-path instructions from being fetched. SAFE-T provides an average reduction of 57.9% in the number of discarded instructions and improves the instructions per cycle (IPC) performance by 14.7% on average over the ICOUNT policy across the multi-programmed workloads we simulate. This paper is an extended version of the paper, “Speculation Control for Simultaneous Multithreading,” which appeared in the Proceedings of the 18th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, Santa Fe, New Mexico, April 2004.     

Analyzing the Effects of Hyperthreading on the Performance of Data Management Systems

As information processing applications take greater roles in our everyday life, database management systems (DBMSs) are growing in importance. DBMSs have traditionally exhibited poor cache performance and large memory footprints, therefore performing only at a fraction of their ideal execution and exhibiting low processor utilization. Previous research has studied the memory system of DBMSs on research-based simultaneous multithreading (SMT) processors. Recently, several differences have been noted between the real hyper-threaded architecture implemented by the Intel Pentium 4 and the earlier SMT research architectures. This paper characterizes the performance of a prototype open-source DBMS running TPC-equivalent benchmark queries on an Intel Pentium 4 Hyper-Threading processor. We use hardware counters provided by the Pentium 4 to evaluate the micro-architecture and study the memory system behavior of each query running on the DBMS. Our results show a performance improvement of up to 1.16 in TPC-C-equivalent and 1.26 in TPC-H-equivalent queries due to hyperthreading.     

合同战术训练评估系统体系结构

在介绍合同战术训练评估需求分析、系统总体结构的基础上,研究了其中的演习结果评估子系统的框架和层次结构,横向上将其分为主框架、行动评估模块、算法插件3个部分,纵向上把它分为数据采集、数据处理、成绩报告3层,从而有效地降低了系统各组成部分间的耦合程度,并使系统能综合运用多样化的数据采集手段以及效能分析方法,具有一定的参考价值。     

Sama机制在多线程方式下的消息传输

Sama是Hojjat Jafarpour,Nasser Yazdani,Navid Bazzaz-zadeh提出的在分布式系统中实现移动Agent组通信的机制,该机制很好的解决了移动Agent的组间通信问题。该文基于这一个通信机制,对其做了相关该进,给出了多线程下组间通信的算法,并举例说明了该算法的执行过程。