Editorial Comment

This article examines fundamental questions concerning the origins and evolution of academic transport studies and the dynamics of its historical development. These fundamental questions are generally little discussed, yet are vital in gaining a better understanding of how the subject is driven forward. This article therefore attempts to answer these questions by taking the UK as a case study, with the principal method being evidence from semi-structured interviews with 20 senior figures integrally involved in the development of the subject. The characterization of transport studies provided by Allsop is employed as an analytical framework, enabling the construction of a historical narrative that can provide salient insights. Thus, it is argued that for academic transport studies the degree of early cross-fertilization with public arenas has meant that subsequent developments have been shaped by the subject's contextual environment. Most prominent among these developments has been the trend towards wider disciplinary breadth. This article examines the evolution of these processes, while the concluding section discusses their implications for consequent strengths and limitations of the subject.     

现代有轨电车在国内外的发展经验启示

现代有轨电车近年来以崭新的形象、舒适的服务、绿色环保、高效快速等特点受到市场的青睐,迅速发展。以法国部分城市为例,分析现代有轨电车在不同城市中的布局特点等,同时结合目前国内已经运营和正在规划的有轨电车城市的案例,总结有轨电车在城市公共交通系统中的定位和适用范围等,有助于有轨电车的规划建设。     

尺寸管理在车身开发阶段的应用

在汽车开发阶段,尺寸管理是提高产品设计质量的有效手段。介绍了尺寸管理对车身开发的作用,总结了尺寸管理的主要工作,详细论述尺寸管理各项工作在车身开发中的具体应用,为提高设计质量和产品精度提供了一定的指导。     

某大桥地震作用下的时程响应分析

文章以某桥主桥2×100m的梁-斜拉组合体系为研究对象,采用ANSYS有限元软件对该桥进行了抗震性能研究,并基于地震时程分析法,评估了该大桥在地震荷载作用下的应力和位移响应情况,找到了该桥的薄弱环节,为该桥的设计提出有益的建议。     

The Application of RFID Technologies in Construction

RFID technologies have advanced greatly and deployed successfully in many industry sectors in recent years. Construction industry could benefit from the applications of RFID technologies but as yet has not found sufficient application areas. This project gives a comprehensive awareness of the RFID technologies, which focus on the investigation on the UK construction industry. The current status of RFID in construction and its potentials are specified in the analysis of questionnaires and case studies. Finally, basing on the investigations, some further tasks in developing RFID technologies are carried, including some recommendations, for the construction industry.     

Freight transportation demand: A survey of recent econometric studies

This paper surveys econometric studies of freight transportation demand which have been published since the mid-1970s. It describes the variables, data sources, and estimation procedures utilized by the studies. In addition, it summarizes their statistical results. The studies included in this survey typically accounted for freight rates and service characteristics (e.g., transit time and reliability). Data sources often varied across the studies.Based on the data they utilized, the surveyed studies are classified as either aggregate or disaggregate. The data in the aggregate studies consist of information on total flows by modes at the regional or national level, while the data in the disaggregate studies pertain to individual shipments. The earlier aggregate studies estimated linear logit models. It has been pointed out that when they are estimated on aggregate data these models are subject to certain shortcomings. To avoid these shortcomings, more recent aggregate studies have estimated flexible forms such as translog functions. The disaggregate studies surveyed in this paper used either logit or probit models.Statistical results often varied with the commodities analyzed, making it somewhat difficult to generalize the findings of the different studies. One finding common to several studies is that freight rates have a significant impact on shipment decisions. This paper discusses certain theoretical and empirical limitations of the surveyed studies. It also offers suggestions for future research in freight transport demand. Freight demand models can be used to examine various effects of the recent deregulation in freight transportation.     

近些年来关于儒家"天人合一"思想研究述评--以"人与自然"关系的认识为对象

本文以“人与自然”关系的认识为对象，从儒家“天人合一”论是否同于现在的“人与自然”和谐、儒家“天人合一”思想的现实意义及其实现两大方面，对近年来学术界关于该主题的研究加以初步的爬梳与回顾，并就相关问题略抒己见。强调对儒家“天人合一”思想等传统文化研究，应本着实事求是的态度加以认真地解读与诠释，历史与辩证地分析、一分为二地评价，惟有如此，才能真正、全面地认识和理解传统文化，使其在新的时代得以弘扬与发展。     

The opening of the Amsterdam Ring Road

This paper presents the results of a major before-and-after study carried out to establish the short term effects of the removal of a severe bottleneck in the road network around Amsterdam. An important focus in the study was on measuring changes in the timing of travel, as well as changes in route choice, mode choice, destination choice and frequency of travel. The results of the study indicated that, in the short run, there was little or no change in mode choice, nor was there significant emergence of new induced trips. On the other hand, large shifts in time of travel as well as route choice were reported, emphasising the importance of alterations to the timing and routes of existing trips when congestion is relieved, and the need to consider the benefits these bring in evaluating the impact of any road investment.     

一种提高警戒雷达目标检测能力的数据处理方法

提出了一种提高警戒雷达目标检测能力的数据处理方法——溯相关检测法。该法基于雷达帧间数据积累方式，利用目标的航迹相关特性降低噪声虚警，提高警戒雷达的信号检测能力和探测距离，模拟结果表明在满足虚警率为10-E6的要求下，当输入信噪比为3db时，其发现概率可由原来的0．5提高到0．9，从而大大提高了雷达的目标检测性能。