刊社图文扫描系统的配置与使用研究

刊社利用现有微机、激光印字机等设备，再按图像扫描的要求配以适当的软硬件，可构成一套具有文稿扫描识别录入、插图数字化处理、复印、传真、网络通讯等功能的图文扫描系统。选型时要根据扫描仪的光学分辨率、色位数、品牌、价格等因素综合考虑。一般的刊社可根据自身工作量及图像质量要求，以几千元的投资，选配到一套由300或600dpi水平光学分辨率、24或30位色的中档平板扫描仪等构成的系统。为得到比较满意的使用效果，还需弄清分辨率等参数的概念，掌握其设定、控制的基本方法与技巧。     

泡沫金属三维细观有限元建模技术研究

针对泡沫金属复杂随机的内部结构特征,基于计算机断层扫描技术（CT）,开展了泡沫金属的三维细观有限元建模技术研究。对泡沫金属的断层扫描图片进行处理,得到二值图,并提取灰度建立其点云模型,再对点云模型实体化得到细观数值模型。开展了泡沫金属的准静态压缩试验,对细观有限元模型进行了验证。试验与仿真结果吻合良好,表明建立的细观有限元模型可以准确地模拟泡沫金属的力学特性。     

一种适合于汽车性能测试的加速度传感器

本文介绍微型集成加顺的原理，结构，伺服电路组成和基本性能，说明了它的典型应用，特别指出它在汽车性能测试中的广阔应用前景。     

三维地面模型测量技术在水运工程中的应用

码头、航道等水运工程的三维设计、BIM设计需要更精细的、直观的、全覆盖的三维地面模型。利用多波束测深技术、无人机航测技术和三维激光扫描技术采集高精度的测量点云数据,基于AutoCAD、Civil 3D等软件平台,建立高精度、直观的三维地面模型的技术方案,结合工程实例进行论证分析。结果表明,从陆域到水域再到局部重点建构筑物三维测量内外业技术解决方案合理、效果显著,能较好地满足三维设计、BIM设计等要求,具有较高的应用和参考价值。     

RSS,一种全新的摊铺机自动找平系统

通过与沥青摊铺机传统自动找平方式的比较 ,介绍了一种全新的摊铺机非接触式激光扫描自动找平系统的原理 ,安装方式 ,性能特点和技术参数     

软岩隧道三维扫描变形监测技术的试验研究

为解决传统监测技术单点监测无法满足软岩隧道整体性变形监测的局限性，采用三维激光扫描技术进行软岩隧道整体性变形监测试验，从隧道结构的变形时间、变形空间分布及变形量进行整体分析。首先建立全站仪和三维激光扫描仪测量误差模型，分析三维扫描监测技术与传统隧道监测技术的特点，通过平面标靶和棱镜靶球精度试验得出平面标靶最佳入射角范围小于60°，棱镜靶球自动提取距离不大于45 m，作为测站设置和控制点布设的依据； 然后以渭武高速木寨岭隧道2号斜井工程为依托，开展软岩隧道三维扫描变形监测技术的试验研究。研究结果表明： 中台阶开挖支护前已发生较大变形，最大变形位置为左侧上台阶与中台阶交界处，空间分布呈左大右小，试验段最大累计变形达0.48 m，下台阶及时封闭成环及2层初期支护有利于变形控制。     

Modelling and control of a new differential steering concept

This paper presents a new steer-by-wire concept using an all-wheel drive vehicle layout with in-wheel motors while completely omitting the application of any dedicated steering device. Steering is based on the so-called differential steering principle which generates the necessary steering moment about the kingpins by a traction force difference between left and right sides of the vehicle. In order to investigate the behaviour of the vehicle and to design the underlying control algorithms, a planar vehicle model is presented, where the vehicle is described as constrained non-holonomic system requiring a special treatment. A state feedback linear controller for controlling of the lateral dynamics of the vehicle at higher speeds and a simple PI angle controller for low-speed manoeuvring are developed. The resulting behaviour of the system is investigated by various simulation experiments demonstrating a comparable steering performance of the new steering concept as that of conventional passenger cars.     

不均匀沉降作用下连拱隧道衬砌裂缝仿真分析

分析了连拱隧道不均匀沉降产生的原因,介绍了隧道衬砌裂缝仿真模拟基本原理,并针对隧道衬砌处于不均匀沉降情况下衬砌裂缝的形成和发展进行了数值仿真分析,可为连拱隧道设计、施工及维修管理提供参考借鉴。     

Competition and disruption in a dynamic urban supply chain

Rapid changes and complexities in business environments have stressed the importance of interactions between partners and competitors, leading supply chains to become the most important element of contemporary business environments. There is a concomitant need for foresight in describing supply chain performance in all operating environments, including those involving punctuated disruptions. Furthermore, the urban metropolis is now widely recognized to be an environment which is especially vulnerable to supply chain disruptions and for which integrated supply chain decisions can produce very substantial net benefits. Accordingly, this paper presents a dynamic supply chain network model formulated as a differential variational inequality; the model is fashioned to allow consideration of supply chain disruption threats to producers, freight carriers, and retail enterprises. The DVI is solved using a fixed-point algorithm, and a simple numerical example, introduced to illustrate how the impacts of supply chain disruptions may be quantified, is presented.     

Approximate network loading and dual-time-scale dynamic user equilibrium

In this paper we present a dual-time-scale formulation of dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) with demand evolution. Our formulation belongs to the problem class that Pang and Stewart (2008) refer to as differential variational inequalities. It combines the within-day time scale for which route and departure time choices fluctuate in continuous time with the day-to-day time scale for which demand evolves in discrete time steps. Our formulation is consistent with the often told story that drivers adjust their travel demands at the end of every day based on their congestion experience during one or more previous days. We show that analysis of the within-day assignment model is tremendously simplified by expressing dynamic user equilibrium as a differential variational inequality. We also show there is a class of day-to-day demand growth models that allow the dual-time-scale formulation to be decomposed by time-stepping to yield a sequence of continuous time, single-day, dynamic user equilibrium problems. To solve the single-day DUE problems arising during time-stepping, it is necessary to repeatedly solve a dynamic network loading problem. We observe that the network loading phase of DUE computation generally constitutes a differential algebraic equation (DAE) system, and we show that the DAE system for network loading based on the link delay model (LDM) of Friesz et al. (1993) may be approximated by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). That system of ODEs, as we demonstrate, may be efficiently solved using traditional numerical methods for such problems. To compute an actual dynamic user equilibrium, we introduce a continuous time fixed-point algorithm and prove its convergence for effective path delay operators that allow a limited type of nonmonotone path delay. We show that our DUE algorithm is compatible with network loading based on the LDM and the cell transmission model (CTM) due to Daganzo (1995). We provide a numerical example based on the much studied Sioux Falls network.