季辚盐对Al缓蚀作用的研究

用微分极化电阻和微分电容测量法研究3种季辚盐化合物在1mol·L-1MgCl2溶液中对Al的缓蚀作用及季辚盐分子结构对缓蚀效率的影响。结果表明,季辚盐化合物具有较好的缓蚀作用,链长的季辚盐比链短的缓蚀效率高。季辚盐在Al表面上吸附服从Langmuir吸附等温式,且为物理吸附。     

亚磷酸三苯酯在A3钢表面成膜特点和结构

用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了亚磷酸三苯酯在A3钢表面所 成膜的微观形貌特征.结果表明：亚磷酸三苯酯在A3钢表面所成的膜具有三维结构.经 红 外光谱(IR)指认亚磷酸三苯酯与铁离子在A3钢表面形成配合物，由此推断了配位化合物的可 能结构.     

季鏻盐型缓蚀剂对SRB诱导碳钢腐蚀过程的缓蚀与杀菌作用

采用最大可能计数法对两种季盐型缓蚀剂BHP 1及BHP 2的杀菌效果进行了评价。结果发现 ,BHP 1具有良好的杀菌性能 ,且最佳杀菌浓度为 6 0× 10 -6g/L ,两者的杀菌效果均优于广泛使用的新洁尔灭。采用电化学方法、腐蚀失重实验及表面分析法研究了 4 5 # 碳钢在含硫酸盐还原菌 (SRB)的厌氧体系中的腐蚀行为。结果表明 :SRB能加速 4 5 # 碳钢的点蚀破坏。两种季盐能有效控制SRB溶液对 4 5 # 碳钢的腐蚀破坏 ,使点蚀电位正移 ,对SRB溶液中的 4 5 # 碳钢具有良好的缓蚀作用 ,缓蚀效果为BHP 1>BHP 2     

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrile rubber using palladium and ruthenium complexes

The catalytic hydrogenation of acrylonitrile‐butadiene copolymer (nitrile rubber, NBR) using Pd(OAc)₂ or RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ catalysts has been investigated in order to produce a totally saturated nitrile rubber. The hydrogenation of NBR is effective with both catalysts and achieved total conversion under the appropriate reaction conditions. In the case of palladium the effects of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, pressure, time, catalyst concentration, and NBR concentration have been investigated. Even though both ruthenium‐ and palladium‐based catalysts are effective in the production of HNBR, the former requires harsh reaction conditions and has the drawback of gel formation under high conversion, motivating the migration to RuCl₂ (PPh₃)₃ as an alternative catalyst. The degree of hydrogenation was determined by IR and NMR spectroscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Thermal analysis of montmorillonites modified with quaternary phosphonium and ammonium surfactants

The thermal stability of seven organically modified montmorillonites (‘organoclays’) has been investigated using differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry in conjunction with X-ray diffractometry. Six organoclays were synthesised by replacing the interlayer inorganic cations, initially present, with quaternary phosphonium and ammonium surfactant cations. The samples modified with tetrabutylphosphonium (TBP), and butyltriphenylphosphonium (BTPP) ions have an appreciably higher thermal stability than the octadecyltrimethylammonium (ODTMA)-modified clays. Thus, in the case of TBP- and BTPP-modified montmorillonites, the onset temperature of decomposition is close to 300 °C. Samples modified with hexadecyltributylphosphonium (HDTBP) ions have a lower onset temperature of decomposition of 225 °C. In comparison, the onset temperature for ODTMA-montmorillonites (obtained at different concentrations of ODTMA-bromide) ranges from 158 to 222 °C, being highest where the concentration of intercalated surfactant is lowest. The onset temperature for a commercial alkylsilane-treated quaternary ammonium-modified organoclay (S-BEN N-400FP) is 207 °C. The basal spacing of the TBP- and BTPP-modified clays is 1.7–1.8 nm, indicating a monolayer arrangement of quaternary phosphonium ions in the interlayer space, while the value of 2.5 nm for HDTBP-montmorillonite indicates a more open structure. The ODTMA-modified samples have basal spacings ranging from 1.9 to 2.1 nm, indicative of a bilayer to pseudo-trilayer arrangement. The exceptionally high basal spacing of 3.4 nm for the S-BEN N-400FP organoclay might be due to interlayer penetration of organosilane hydrolysis products during synthesis. The thermal properties of organoclays are apparently related to the nature of the surfactants and their arrangement in the interlayer space of montmorillonite.     

Comparison of antimicrobial activities of polyacrylonitrile fibers modified with quaternary phosphonium salts having different alkyl chain lengths

A series of polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANF) modified with quaternary phosphonium salts having various alkyl chain lengths (C₁, C₂, C₆, C₈, C₁₂) were synthesized and compared for their antimicrobial activities by the improved shake flask method. The as‐prepared fibers were named MTPB‐PANF, ETPB‐PANF, HTPB‐PANF, OTPB‐PANF, and DTPB‐PANF, respectively. The representative microorganisms employed were Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Candida albicans (C. albicans). Results from the current study showed that the alkyl chain length of quaternary phosphonium salts not only affected the synthesis of the fibers, but also impacted their antimicrobial activities. There was a rule that the longer the alkyl chain length, the more easily the quaternary phosphonium salts modify the fibers and the better the antimicrobial activities of the modified fibers. All the modified fibers exhibited good broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities. Specifically, DTPB‐PANF exhibited an outstandingly high antimicrobial activity, which was nearly unaffected by the environmental pH (3–10). It can kill all the four pathogens in 15 min and had an excellent wash‐resistant property. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43689.     

Reversed micelle synergistic extraction from phosphonium ionic liquid extractants in diluent for rare earth

The first synergistic extraction between quaternary phosphonium type ionic liquid extractants in toluene for rare earth was reported in this article. There were two different ion‐association mechanisms in the synergistic extraction system. The formed reversed micelles contributed to increase extractability of the synergistic extraction system to a considerable extent. On the one hand, million tons of saponification wastewater from acidic extractants may be avoided by developing the extraction system using bifunctional ionic liquid extractants. On the other hand, the novel synergistic extraction offers an effective strategy to increase the extractabilities of industrial extractants. This article reveals sustainable and efficient potentials for industrial rare earth separation. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2163–2169, 2016     

粗苯中三苯含量快速定量分析方法的研究

通过气质联用仪(GC-MS)对粗苯中的有机组分进行定性分析,使用配有氢火焰离子检测器(FID)的气相色谱仪对苯、甲苯、二甲苯(三苯)进行定量的研究。     

季盐型抗菌纤维素纤维的制备及性能研究

利用γ-胺丙基-三甲氧基硅烷将卤代烷基三苯基溴化物固载到纤维素纤维上,制得具有抗菌性能的季盐水不溶性高分子杀菌材料。杀菌性能测试结果表明,该杀菌材料对水中的异养菌有很强的吸附杀灭作用。使用后的纤维经次氯酸钠溶液清洗后仍具有很强的杀菌效果,说明该杀菌材料有较好的可再生性。     

磷酸三苯酯对冷硬树脂砂强化作用的研究

提出了用磷酸三苯酯作为附加物来提高冷硬树脂砂机械性能的新工艺，测定了磷酸三苯脂对冷硬树脂砂的强化作用及对冷硬树脂砂性能的影响规律，探讨了该附加物对冷硬树脂砂的强化机理。