Behavior of 316L stainless steel containing corrosion pits under cyclic loading

The environmental performance of 316L grade stainless steel, in the form of tensile specimens containing a single corrosion pit with various aspect ratios, under cyclic loading in aerated chloride solutions is investigated in this study. Results from environmental tests were compared and contrasted with those obtained using finite element analysis (FEA). Fractography of the failed specimens obtained from experiments revealed that fatigue crack initiation took place at the base of the shallow pit. The crack initiation shifted towards the shoulder and the mouth of the pit for pits of increasing depth. This process is well predicted by FEA, as the strain contour maps show that strain is the highest around the centric strip of the pit. However, for shallow pits, local strain is uniformly distributed around that strip but begins to concentrate more towards the shoulder and the mouth region for increasingly deep pits.     

36 m 高砖砌水塔定向折叠爆破拆除

介绍了复杂环境中砖砌高大水塔的定向折叠爆破拆除.根据周围的环境情况,在施工中采用了开定向窗、挖定位坑等技术措施,确保爆破成功,达到了设计效果.     

含腐蚀凹坑尿素合成塔的安全评定与分析

对尿素合成塔上封头腐蚀凹坑采用中国SAPV-95和美国API579规范分别进行安全评定，给出安全裕度，简略分析安全评定的结果。     

具有半球形凹坑表面的滑动轴承润滑分析

具有非光滑表面的滑动轴承具有一些独特的性质,适当的表面凹坑对径向滑动轴承的润滑性能可能有一定的改善作用。为研究球形凹坑对径向滑动轴承润滑特性的影响,本文建立了具有不同形式球形凹坑的径向滑动轴承润滑分析的数学模型。利用有限差分法进行求解,得到径向滑动轴承的油膜压力与承载力,并研究凹坑的个数、尺寸、分布规律及凹坑深度对径向滑动轴承的润滑特性的影响。计算结果表明:与光滑面相比,在充分润滑状态及轴承几何运动参数不变情况下,合理的凹坑个数、尺寸参数、分布形式及凹坑深度对提高径向滑动轴承的油膜压力及承载能力具有一定的改善作用。     

Development of a pit filling algorithm for LiDAR canopy height models

LiDAR canopy height models (CHMs) can exhibit unnatural looking holes or pits, i.e., pixels with a much lower digital number than their immediate neighbors. These artifacts may be caused by a combination of factors, from data acquisition to post-processing, that not only result in a noisy appearance to the CHM but may also limit semi-automated tree-crown delineation and lead to errors in biomass estimates. We present a highly effective semi-automated pit filling algorithm that interactively detects data pits based on a simple user-defined threshold, and then fills them with a value derived from their neighborhood. We briefly describe this algorithm and its graphical user interface, and show its result in a LiDAR CHM populated with data pits. This method can be rapidly applied to any CHM with minimal user interaction. Visualization confirms that our method effectively and quickly removes data pits.     

土岩基坑开挖变形相关因素与规律

利用FLAC3D,模拟设计要求和最不利状态情况下某地铁车站深基坑工程开挖。研究得出土岩基坑的变形规律特点,模拟结果同时表明:基坑周边的荷载对土体沉降影响较大,对支护桩侧向位移影响较小,且车辆荷载比堆载影响大;有无支撑对基坑变形影响较大。     

废弃矿坑综合利用新途径

废弃矿坑(场)的综合开发利用成为世界资源再利用的新主题，为我们的资源开发利用与管理带来的不止是范畴的扩展，更重要的是我们对废弃矿坑(场)以往定式为“废弃”的资源可以给予更新的理解。介绍了国内外废弃矿坑(场)资源综合开发利用的一些典型实例，以及开发利用过程中较好的方式与方法，并就这一资源综合开发利用提出了一些针对性的建议，旨在为矿产开发管理提供一项更好更新的途径。     

上海地区超深基坑工程地下连续墙的变形特性

本文建立了上海地区58个开挖深度19m以上超深基坑工程数据库,对围护墙体水平位移特性进行了以下几方面的统计分析:归一化最大水平位移值的特征、最大水平位移位置的特征、软土层厚度对变形的影响、墙趾土层对围护墙体变形的影响等,得到了上海地区超深基坑围护墙体一般变形规律和变形控制要点,可以用于超深基坑的设计优化和进行变形估算。另外,通过对超深基坑支护体系系统刚度的研究,建立了墙趾进入硬土层基坑的变形比与支撑竖向间距和围护墙厚度的关系式,可以根据基坑围护的变形比要求进行支撑配置和围护墙厚度的初步选定。     

缓蚀剂在高压阳极箔电解扩孔中的作用机理

将高压阳极发孔铝箔在70℃、质量分数为3%的硝酸液中阳极电解扩孔,研究了添加大分子缓蚀剂聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSSA)后高压阳极箔的腐蚀机理。结果显示:添加PSSA后,腐蚀箔减薄量明显降低,质量损失率减小,并孔率降低,520 V化成的比容提高了约23%。隧道孔由孔口大、孔内小的"锥子"状转变为孔口小、孔内大的"垒球棒"状。铝箔表面的电位显著上升,而隧道孔内的电位基本保持不变,从而证明了,大分子缓蚀剂PSSA提高了铝箔表面和隧道孔口附近的电化学反应的阻力,电流主要分布到孔内,加速了孔内的扩孔过程。     

电流密度对光电化学腐蚀宏孔硅阵列形貌的影响

宏孔硅阵列(MSA)在光子晶体、硅微通道板、MEMS 器件等领域应用前景广阔,引起人们广泛关注。为制备理想的MSA结构,本文开展了MSA光电化学方法腐蚀实验,重点研究了腐蚀电流密度对宏孔形貌的影响。给出了n型硅抛光片背面光照情况下在氢氟酸溶液中的电流-电压扫描曲线,讨论了临界电流密度JPS的意义和MSA稳定生长的基本电流密度条件。提出了一种间接地测量JPS与腐蚀时间关系的方法,并根据JPS的测量结果调整腐蚀电流,实现了理想的MSA等径生长,制备出孔深度为295m,长径比为98的MSA结构。