环境艺术之美——画境 意境 化境

环境艺术美学形态是当代环境艺术发展的重要内容,对持续有效的环境建设具有十分重要的意义。文章立足环境艺术美学的基本类型,从发展过程入手,论述其内涵、表现形式以及手法特性,探索了现代环境艺术美学形态的建构以及基本方法。     

Developing a feminist psychology of women: Past and future accomplishments.

Afeminist approach to the psychology of women is defined. In terms of this definition four areas central to the psychology of women are examined. These areas are theory building, sex differences research, research describing women's lives, and feminist therapy. For each area past accomplishments are outlined and future directions are suggested. In conclusion, two important methodological paradoxes are presented, and their relevance to a developing feminist psychology of women is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Does remediation save lives? — On the cost of cleaning up arsenic-contaminated sites in Sweden

Sweden has only just begun remediation of its many contaminated sites, a process that will cost an estimated SEK 60,000 million (USD 9100 million). Although the risk assessment method, carried out by the Swedish EPA, is driven by health effects, it does not consider actual exposure. Instead, the sites are assessed based on divergence from guideline values. This paper uses an environmental medicine approach that takes exposure into account to analyse how cancer risks on and near arsenic-contaminated sites are implicitly valued in the remediation process. The results show that the level of ambition is high. At 23 contaminated sites, the cost per life saved varies from SEK 287 million to SEK 1,835,000 million, despite conservative calculations that in fact probably underestimate the costs. It is concluded that if environmental health risks are to be reduced, there are probably other areas where economic resources can be used more cost-effectively.     

FATIGUE CRACKING POSSIBILITY ALONG GRAIN BOUNDARIES AND PERSISTENT SLIP BANDS IN COPPER BICRYSTALS

In this paper, the fatigue cracking possibility in different kinds of copper bicrystals with large-angle grain boundaries (GBs) and copper multicrystals containing some low-angle GBs are compared. The results showed that the fatigue cracks, in the copper bicrystals, always nucleated firstly along GBs no matter whether the GBs are perpendicular or parallel to the stress axis. Whereas, for the copper multicrystals containing low-angle GBs, the persistent slip bands (PSBs) are always the preferential sites to initiate fatigue cracks no matter whether low-angle GBs are perpendicular or parallel to the stress axis.
Additionally, the fatigue lives of the GBs, and the [1¯23] and [3¯35] grains in the [1¯23] ⊥ [3¯35] and [5¯913] ⊥ [5¯79] bicrystals were measured at different cyclic stresses and strain amplitudes. The results show that intergranular fracture always occurred prior to transgranular fracture in those bicrystals. The fatigue lives increased in the order of the GB, the [1¯23] and the [3¯35] grains in the [1¯23] ⊥ [3¯35] bicrystal under cyclic tension–tension loading. On the other hand, the fatigue life of the GB in the [5¯913] ⊥ [5¯79] bicrystal is about two to three times higher than that in the [1¯23] ⊥ [3¯35] bicrystal. Based on these experimental results from the copper bicrystals and multicrystals, it is indicated that the possibility of fatigue cracking increased in the order of low-angle GBs, PSBs and large-angle GBs. It is suggested that both the PSB–GB mechanism and the step mechanism required for GB fatigue cracking were questionable, and the interaction modes of PSBs with GBs may be more important for intergranular fatigue cracking.     

非洲人的一种形象——巴勒斯《人猿泰山》中的主题分析

巴勒斯是美国通俗小说界的泰斗。作为生活在帝国观念盛行及帝国主义者横行全球的年代的艺术家,他不可能是孤立的存在,时代的烙印及作为臣属民族一员的记忆不可避免地反映在他的作品中。巴勒斯在《人猿泰山》中从遗传、道德、文明三方面逐一诋毁非洲人。     

全球化语境下对中国当代陶艺的反思

随着信息化时代的到来，全球化已经成为不可阻挡的趋势。在全球化的语境下，中国的当代艺术出现了一些问题：这其中包括：近现代以来西方哲学与美学的引进，造成了中国当代艺术理论的西方化趋势；现代艺术教育的发展。为中国艺术的发展创造了西方化的氛围；中国当代艺术与当代陶艺领域存在着严重的功利主义思想。加剧了当代艺术与当代陶艺的西方化。面对当代艺术与当代陶艺存在的这些问题，本文指出：全球化并不是指西方文化的一极化。而是一种多元文化交流与融合。艺术只有回归到民族文化与当代生活的现实中，才是全球化语境下当代艺术与当代陶艺的出路。     

试论住宅户内的动态空间设计问题

当前我国城市住宅中住户生活的可变性与户内空间的不可变性之间矛盾突出,本文从住户生活变化的基本规律出发,论述了住宅动态空间设计的原则、方式及动态空间设计是住宅设计的重要发展方向等问题。     

商务居住项目交通影响评价研究

从商务居住项目交通需求特点出发,提出商务居住项目交通影响评价原则,结合西安某商务居住区交通影响评价进行了论述,并对周边公交线路服务水平、停车设施利用状况进行了评价,从而为进行定量评估以及制定交通组织方案提供了指导。     

滚动轴承疲劳寿命数值仿真技术的研究

建立了滚动轴承疲劳寿命计算的数学模型,运用Monte-Carlo方法对其实验数据进行模拟,编制出相应的计算程序并建立了滚动轴承疲劳寿命预测系统.在计算机上完成滚动轴承寿命计算、数值模拟和滚动轴承的疲劳寿命的预测.