不同压力下气层岩样m、n值变化的实验研究

胶结指数m和饱和度指数n变化规律的研究一直是岩石物理学家和测井解释分析家关注的问题。压力是影响m、n的重要因素,但迄今为止,仍未取得可使多数人接受的一般性结论。实验开展了低孔隙度低渗透率气层岩样在不同压力条件下的电阻率测量,在考虑孔隙度随压力变化的基础上建立了m、n参数随压力变化的关系,得出结论:某些地区的气层岩样在压力增大时即使考虑孔隙度变化,m值增大,n值减小。     

东营凹陷古近系砂岩储集层特征对比

东营凹陷可分为北部陡坡带、中央隆起带和南部缓坡带，由于地质背景有差异，古近系砂岩储集层在不同地区的特征不同：北部陡坡带以近岸水下扇砂砾岩沉积为主，进入晚成岩期的时间早，深度浅，次生孔隙发育中等，主要分布在1650-2450m深度，3200-3500m深度存在第二次生孔隙带，碳酸盐溶蚀和胶结作用在垂向具有分带性；中央隆起带以浊积扇砂岩为主，但由于断裂发育，酸性水活跃，进入晚成岩期的时间也较早，次生孔隙最发育，又分布范围大，1800-3500m深度均发育次生孔隙，碳酸盐胶结弱，储集层物性最好；南部缓坡带以滨浅湖和三角洲沉积为主，进入晚成岩期的时间晚，次生孔隙发育少，北部和中部物性相对差。图4表1参31     

UCT测井技术在河南油田的应用

介绍了超声波固井质量检测仪(UCT)的原理、结构及测井方法，分析了UCT测井资料的应用情况。实践表明，UCT能准确地探测套管腐蚀，直观评价水泥与套管、水泥与地层一、二界面的胶结质量。     

结构性黄土压缩特性的微观非连续变形分析

黄土的结构性与其形成过程密切相关,并对其物理力学性质产生重要影响。针对结构性黄土的大孔隙和胶结特性,对DDA算法进行了扩展,将结构性黄土中起主要胶结作用的黏粒胶结嵌入已有的DDA算法中;使用Monte Carlo法和DDA模拟黄土的沉积过程,该方法能够模拟颗粒下落过程中的相互碰撞及摩擦,分析结构性黄土在压缩过程中颗粒的平动和转动规律,由此构建与原状黄土孔隙比接近的微观结构模型;进一步使用扩展DDA对所生成的黄土结构模型进行不同压力下的一维压缩试验模拟,并与室内压缩试验进行对比。发现胶结试样颗粒位移比不含胶结试样颗粒位移小,但整体规律相似;每个颗粒位移的大小和方向不尽相同,但主要以竖向位移为主;在压缩过程中,不同区域的颗粒位移存在较大差异,上部颗粒位移大,越往下部颗粒的位移越小。该研究成果可为从微观认识黄土力学行为提供一条途径。     

Simultaneous chromizing-aluminizing coating of austenitic stainless steels

Chromium and aluminum were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel substrates, by a single-step, pack-cementation process. The mechanism for the formation of diffusion-coated products on 304 and 316 stainless steels and on Incoloy 800 is discussed. The morphologies of the phases formed at the surface, i.e., an external beta layer and an underlying multiphase interdiffusion zone, are presented. The formation of the brittle, , outer layer was minimized by variations in the pack composition and activator. The coated 304 and 316 steels exhibited excellent scaling resistance upon oxidation in air at 1000°C.     

Corrosion-erosion resistance of Zn-Al co-cementation coatings on carbon steels in aqueous media

A novel Zn-Al co-cementation coating was obtained by a pack cementation method,This coating possesses a two-layered structure,The outer layer is mainly composed of Fe2Al3 and FeAl intermetallics with a small amount of Zn,and the inner layer consists of Zn,Fe and a small amount of Al.The corrosion-erosion resistance of Zn-Al con-cementation coatings on carbon steel was studied by a rotary corrosion method in various NaCl and H2S containing solutions and relevant SiO2 containing media,The experimental results are compared with those of carbon steels and the sherardizing and aluminizing coating ,showing that the Zn-Al co-cementation coating have excellent corrosion-erosion resistance in various aqueous media.     

Formation of a chromium-carbide conversion coating on silicon carbide

The formation of a chromium-carbide conversion coating on SiC was achieved using the pack-cementation technique. The conversion coating is intended to improve the corrosion resistance of SiC and its derivatives, such as SiC-base continuous fibers and composites, by forming a protective Cr₂O₃ scale upon exposure to high-temperature corrosive environments. Different pack chemistry and processing parameters were evaluated in the laboratory. Results indicated that the coating morphologies and compositions achieved were significantly affected by variation of these processing factors. In this paper, the conversion coating obtained from one of the systems investigated is reported. The coating consists of a multilayered structure with each of the sublayers containing a high-Cr concentration. In addition, the coating surface is relatively dense and pore free compared to the underlying SiC substrate material. A dense and pore-free morphology is highly desirable for coating applications, especially on porous substrates. The multilayered coating structure consists of the following sublayers: Cr₂₃C₆/Cr₇C₃/Cr₇C₃+Cr₃Si/Cr₅Si₃C_x/SiC substrate.     

炭/炭复合材料MoSi2/SiC抗氧化涂层的研究

采用包埋法制备C／C复合材料抗氧化MoSi2／SiC梯度涂层，同时对抗氧化涂层的形成、组织结构以及抗氧化性能与渗料的关系和抗氧化机理进行了研究。结果表明：采用包埋法制备的C／C复合材料抗氧化MoSi2／SiC梯度涂层致密，但有少量裂纹，涂层有良好的抗氧化效果。当Si与SiC保持一定的比例时，渗料中MoSi2的含量为50％时，涂层具有最好的抗氧化效果；当MoSi2与SiC保持一定的比例时，渗料中Si的含量为20％时，涂层具有最好的抗氧化效果。     

细菌对红黏土抗剪强度的影响

为了探究土壤原生细菌对红黏土强度的影响,通过对红黏土中天然赋存的原生细菌进行富集培养,并在红黏土重塑试样中添加培养后的细菌菌液,通过土工试验和电镜试验分析红黏土物理力学性质和微观结构的变化。结果表明:随着细菌的掺入,三轴试样的破坏峰值和压缩模量都有所提高,并且随时间的增长,呈现先增大后减小的趋势;同时从电镜图像上来看,细菌的掺入使得红黏土中粉粒含量有所增加,相应的黏粒含量下降。研究结果可为进一步研究单一的细菌种类对红黏土物理力学性质和微观结构的影响提供参考。