微板紫外速率法漏检高值ALT标本一例

谷丙氨基转移酶（Alanine asninotrasferase，ALT）检测是采供血机构血液必检项目之一，ALT检测作为早期肝病诊断的一项非特异性指标，有助于鉴别与输血相关肝炎病毒携带者，同时可以在一定程度上弥补某些肝炎病毒标志物未被检测及“窗口期”的缺陷，有助于预防输血相关肝炎的传播。我血站实验室采用微板为载体的方法进行血清ALT检测：微板紫外速率法为初检方法；微板丙酮酸氧化酶法为复检方法。在检测过程中一例高值ALT血样，微板紫外速率法检测结果为6．6U／L，出现假阴性结果造成漏检，现报告如下：     

丙铜酸氧化酶法与赖氏法检测血清ALT的比较

《中国输血技术操作规程》1 997年版规定 ,血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶 ( ALT)为血液初复检项目。检测方法有快速测定法 (酮体粉法 )、比色测定法 (赖氏法 )和速率法。酮体粉法假阳性率高 ,结果判断主观 ,误差较大 ;速率法虽准确性高 ,但内源性干扰较大 ,且需要特殊的设备 ,不易普及。本站一直采用赖氏试管法进行 ALT活性检测 ,该法虽相对稳定 ,但操作繁琐费时 ,影响因素多 ,结果记录不规范 ,尤其不适合血站自动化、标准化和规范化检测的要求。为了探讨丙酮酸氧化酶微量法替代赖氏法检测血清 ALT的可行性 ,笔者对 1 1 87份无偿献血者样本用两…     

22例献血者抗-HIV阳性结果分析

艾滋病病毒(HIV)可以通过输血传播,近年来HIV在人群中的感染呈快速增长的趋势,经血液传播是HIV重要的传播途径之一.为了解和掌握HIV在新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州献血者中HIV流行和分布情况,我们对22例确认的抗-HIV阳性结果作了统计分析,现报告如下.     

二至丸对四氯化碳所致小鼠ALT升高的预防作用

目的研究二至丸水提物、女贞子、墨旱莲的保肝作用.方法通过检测血清酶学指标,观察二至丸对四氯化碳肝损伤模型的保护作用.结果用药各组均具有降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)作用,以二至丸超声水提液和水煎液作用最强,女贞子皂甙和墨旱莲乙酸乙酯提取物的混合物可作为复方保肝降酶的有效部位,但两者不同混合比例的保肝降酶作用应作进一步研究,以寻找最佳配比,达到最佳保肝效果.结论用药各组均具有保肝降酶作用,女贞子皂甙和墨旱莲乙酸乙酯提取物的混合物可作为二至丸复方的保肝降酶的有效部位.     

异烟肼对大鼠肝组织bax、bcl-2表达的影响

异烟肼（Isoniazid，TNH）是抗结核治疗的一线药物，其在肝内进行生物转化过程中产生的肼具有明显的肝毒性，甚至可引起急性或亚急性肝坏死。研究异烟肼应用时间与其毒性的关系，并探讨其毒性，对提高认识，采取积极的防治措施有重要意义。本研究动态观察了异烟肼对大鼠血清的丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、肝组织病理变化及肝细胞凋亡相关基因bax、bcl-2表达的影响，现报道如下。     

兰州市无偿献血人群ALT升高的调查分析

自《献血法》实施以来,兰州市无偿献血工作得到了很大发展,特别是2001年出现了自愿献血人数超过计划献血人数的好局面。但兰州市献血人群中因丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)升高而不能献血的人数比例较大,对献血工作有一定影响。为此,笔者对2001年献血人群初筛结果进行了随机调查,并就ALT单项不合格情况进行分析,现报告如下。1资料和方法1.1一般资料:2001年自愿和计划无偿献血者初检档案,年龄18～55周岁,男性12590人,女性7366人,其职业构成情况见表1。1.2试剂和仪器。试剂:显色粉(甘肃省红十字血液中心配制),无水碳酸钠、硫酸铵、亚硝基铁氰化钠(北京…     

阿德福韦酯联合辨证使用中药治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝的临床研究

目的：研究阿德福韦酯联合辨证使用中药对HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝患者的实验室指标改善情况。方法：选择120例HBeAg阳性的慢性乙肝患者,随机分2组各60例接受治疗,2组病例均每日口服阿德福韦酯10mg,治疗组联合辨证使用中药,52周后停药。观察第12、52周及第78周ALT水平及病毒学指标方面的改变。结果：12周、78周时,治疗组HBV-DNA降低水平、HBeAg转阴率、HBeAg/HBeAb血清学转换率高于对照组,12周、52周、78周时,ALT复常率均高于对照组,余均无明显差异。结论：阿德福韦酯联合辨证使用中药对于HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝患者病毒抑制具有一定的协同作用以及较好的增强持久应答的作用。     

Natural killer cells and reproductive failure--theory, practice and prejudice

The relationship between peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells and reproductive failure is one of the most controversial areas in reproductive medicine. Amidst much publicity, peripheral blood NK cell testing is being promoted as a useful diagnostic test to guide the initiation of a variety of immunosuppressive therapies amongst patients with either recurrent miscarriage or infertility. We contend (i) that at present there is no scientific basis for the introduction of NK cell testing into routine clinical practice, and (ii) that the use of immunosuppressant agents based on the results of such testing may potentially be harmful.     

Osteopontin affects the persistence of beta-glucan-induced hepatic granuloma formation and tissue injury through two distinct mechanisms

Osteopontin (OPN) plays a pivotal role in various immune responses and inflammatory diseases. OPN is expressed in various granulomatous diseases; however, the cellular and molecular role of OPN in these diseases is not well known. We analyzed the role of OPN in a beta-glucan-induced hepatic granuloma model. First, we found that neither OPN deficiency nor overexpression of OPN affected the number and the size of hepatic granulomas at day 7, indicating that OPN is not involved in the formation of hepatic granulomas at the early stages. Importantly, OPN did not influence the liver tissue damage as defined by alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels at early stages. Second, OPN deficiency resulted in the reduction of IL-12 and IFN-gamma production at early stages. Third, at late stages, OPN deficiency resulted in a decrease in the number and size of hepatic granulomas, and a reduction of liver tissue injury. This was due to the reduction of the cellular recruitment including macrophages, CD4 T cells and dendritic cells into the liver, and the reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production in the liver. In contrast, overexpression of OPN resulted in the persistence of granuloma formation. These data suggest that OPN affects the persistence of hepatic granuloma formation. Our results indicate that OPN up-regulates the production of IL-12 and IFN-gamma within the granulomas at early stages, and OPN has an additional role in the regulation of cellular recruitment and TNF-alpha production at late stages that determine the severity of liver tissue injury.