全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1464篇 |
免费 | 240篇 |
国内免费 | 149篇 |
学科分类
地球科学 | 1853篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 46篇 |
2021年 | 54篇 |
2020年 | 43篇 |
2019年 | 50篇 |
2018年 | 62篇 |
2017年 | 69篇 |
2016年 | 48篇 |
2015年 | 59篇 |
2014年 | 88篇 |
2013年 | 94篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 96篇 |
2009年 | 80篇 |
2008年 | 90篇 |
2007年 | 91篇 |
2006年 | 94篇 |
2005年 | 86篇 |
2004年 | 95篇 |
2003年 | 67篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 59篇 |
2000年 | 56篇 |
1999年 | 49篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1853条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
拥有强大的渗透压调节能力对广盐性鱼类的生存至关重要。目前,关于鱼类渗透压调节机制已有不少研究,但均存在较大的局限性。本文从广盐性鱼类渗透压信号转导机制、渗透胁迫的细胞调控机制、渗透调控的内分泌调节机制和无机离子通道和转运蛋白介导的渗透调控等方面对广盐性鱼类的渗透压适应性和生理可塑性机制进行分析,以期从分子、细胞、通路和生理等层次初步探索广盐性鱼类盐度胁迫后的可塑性表型变化和不同盐度条件下的应答机制,为广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制的深入研究奠定基础。对广盐性鱼类渗透压适应性与生理可塑性机制研究,有助于研究其环境适应机理,促进野生鱼种的人工化养殖以及新品种的育种从而提高经济效益、社会效益和生态效益,对促进水产养殖学进步以及养殖业的发展具有重要意义,同时,为研究广盐性鱼类的渗透压调节机制开辟新的研究方向。 相似文献
2.
Reservoirs of lowland floodplain rivers with eutrophic backgrounds cause variations in the hydrological and hydraulic conditions of estuaries and low-dam reservoir areas, which can promote planktonic algae to proliferate and algal bloom outbreaks. Understanding the ecological effects of variations in hydrological and hydraulic processes in lowland rivers is important for algal bloom control. In this study, the middle and lower reaches of the Han River, China, a typical regulated lowland river with a eutrophic background, are selected. Based on the effect of hydrological and hydraulic variability on algal blooms, a hydrological management strategy for river algal bloom control is proposed. The results showed that (a) differences in river morphology and background nutrient levels cause significant differences in the critical threshold flow velocities for algal bloom outbreaks between natural river and low-dam reservoir sections; there is no uniform threshold flow velocity for algal bloom control. (b) There are significant differences in the river hydrological/hydraulic conditions between years with and without algal blooms. The average river flow, water level and velocity in years with algal blooms are significantly lower than those in years without algal blooms. (c) For different river sections where algal blooms occur and to meet the threshold flow velocities, the joint operation of cascade reservoirs and diversion projects is an effective method to prevent and control algal blooms in regulated lowland rivers. This study is expected to deepen our understanding of the ecological significance of special hydrological processes and guide algal bloom management in regulated lowland rivers. 相似文献
3.
Study of the flood control scheduling scheme for the Three Gorges Reservoir in a catastrophic flood 下载免费PDF全文
The Three Gorges Project is the world's largest water conservancy project. According to the design standards for the 1,000‐year flood, flood diversion areas in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River must be utilized to ensure the safety of the Jingjiang area and the city of Wuhan. However, once these areas are used, the economic and life loss in these areas may be very great. Therefore, it is vital to reduce this loss by developing a scheme that reduces the use of the flood diversion areas through flood regulation by the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), under the premise of ensuring the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. For a 1,000‐year flood on the basis of a highly destructive flood in 1954, this paper evaluates scheduling schemes in which flood diversion areas are or are not used. The schemes are simulated based on 2.5‐m resolution reservoir topography and an optimized model of dynamic capacity flood regulation. The simulation results show the following. (a) In accord with the normal flood‐control regulation discharge, the maximum water level above the dam should be not more than 175 m, which ensures the safety of the dam and reservoir area. However, it is necessary to utilize the flood diversion areas within the Jingjiang area, and flood discharge can reach 2.81 billion m3. (b) In the case of relying on the TGR to impound floodwaters independently rather than using the flood diversion areas, the maximum water level above the dam reaches 177.35 m, which is less than the flood check level of 180.4 m to ensure the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. The average increase of the TGR water level in the Chongqing area is not more than 0.11 m, which indicates no significant effect on the upstream reservoir area. Comparing the various scheduling schemes, when the flood diversion areas are not used, it is believed that the TGR can execute safe flood control for a 1,000‐year flood, thereby greatly reducing flood damage. 相似文献
4.
地勘单位在向企业化经营转变的过程中 ,投资兴办了许多企业 ,但不少项目以失败告终。文章分析探讨了失败的原因 ,并提出相应的对策 相似文献
5.
本文讨论了利用LAMOST作银河系研究的科学意义及可能性;并提出具体实施LAMOST/GAIAXY计划的初步方案。 相似文献
6.
Socio-economic and Environmental Implications of the Hydroelectric Projects in Uttarakhand Himalaya, India 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This paper deals with detailed analysis of the fiasco created by the Tehri High Dam in Uttarakhand, India, particularly in terms of resettlement and rehabilitation of the local inhabitants. Aspects pertaining to the environmental issues are also discussed. Currently, the river valleys in Uttarakhand state of India are the targets of increasing hydroelectric projects. Virtually all rivers are being exploited for generating environmental friendly power. Having being learned the hard lesson from Tehri Dam, it has been decided to opt for such schemes in which comparatively little submergence and tempering with the fragile eco-systems is involved.However, our observations suggest that even in such schemes if due care is not taken they may turn out to be a failure. 相似文献
7.
8.
Tony T. Gregg Amanda Dewees Drema Gross Bill Hoffman Dan Strub Matt Watson 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):375-380
1Water LossInitiativesUnaccounted-for water(or unbilled water)has beenreceiving newscrutiny at both the state and nationallevels.For years,water conservationeffortsin Europehave emphasized reduction in water loss to a muchgreater extent thaninthe United S… 相似文献
9.
M. Irfan Yesilnacar Erkan Sahinkaya Muhsin Naz Bestamin Ozkaya 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(1):19-25
Monitoring groundwater quality by cost-effective techniques is important as the aquifers are vulnerable to contamination from
the uncontrolled discharge of sewage, agricultural and industrial activities. Faulty planning and mismanagement of irrigation
schemes are the principle reasons of groundwater quality deterioration. This study presents an artificial neural network (ANN)
model predicting concentration of nitrate, the most common pollutant in shallow aquifers, in groundwater of Harran Plain.
The samples from 24 observation wells were monthly analysed for 1 year. Nitrate was found in almost all groundwater samples
to be significantly above the maximum allowable concentration of 50 mg/L, probably due to the excessive use of artificial
fertilizers in intensive agricultural activities. Easily measurable parameters such as temperature, electrical conductivity,
groundwater level and pH were used as input parameters in the ANN-based nitrate prediction. The best back-propagation (BP)
algorithm and neuron numbers were determined for optimization of the model architecture. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm
was selected as the best of 12 BP algorithms and optimal neuron number was determined as 25. The model tracked the experimental
data very closely (R = 0.93). Hence, it is possible to manage groundwater resources in a more cost-effective and easier way with the proposed
model application. 相似文献
10.