Prediction of necking of high strength steel tubes during hydroforming—multi-axial loading

This article studies tubular hydroforming of high strength low alloy (HSLA) and dual phase (DP600) straight tubes under the action of end feeding loads. Experiments demonstrate that higher end feed loads enhance the formability of the tubes and increase the internal fluid pressure for onset of necking and bursting. Because of the action of the internal pressure and the axial compressive load, the onset of localization (necking) is due to a complex three-dimensional state of stress. Using free expansion experiments, approximate upper and lower bound strain-based forming limit curves are determined for the tube materials. These limit curves, in turn, are used to derive upper and lower bound extended stress-based forming limit curves [Simha et al., Prediction of necking in tubular hydroforming using an extended stress-based FLC. Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 2007;129(1): 36-47]. In conjunction with finite element computations that use solid elements to model the tube, these stress-based limit curves are used to predict upper and lower bound necking pressures under the action of end feed loading. These predictions of necking pressures, when an appropriate coefficient of tube-die friction is used, are found to bracket the experimentally measured necking pressures. Computations using plane stress shell elements to model the tubes are shown to give erroneous results, since the plane stress approximation is not valid when tubes are hydroformed in a die.     

IF板与08Al板的成形性能研究

通过模拟成形性试验，对新型超深冲用IF钢板和传统冲压用08Al钢板的冲压成形性能进行了研究．结果表明：IF板的拉深性能、扩孔性能、胀形性能以及“拉深-胀形”复合性能等均优于08Al板，其中，扩孔性能和平面各向异性的改善最为显著；各项试验中，IF板的成形力普遍小于08Al板。     

Isothermal Gas Forming of Mg Alloy AZ31 Sheet

There have been reports on sheet forming of Mg alloy in industry via the punch and die method;this paper is probably the first formal one for studying the sheet formability of AZ31 employing pressurized gas to press the sheet into a female die cavity at various elevated temperatures.The results indicate it is feasible to form a rectangular box via pressurized gas from extruded sheets of 0.5 and 1.7 mm thick.The formed box has 1:2 depth over width ratio,which should be large enough when dealing with realistic industrial sheet forming parts.Presently,forming a sheet of 0.5 mm thick is considered a technical challenge by industry,and it is conquered as demonstrated in this paper.Gas forming technique applied to Mg alloy is unprecedented and shows potential for industrial utilization.     

关于深冲薄钢板中的夹杂和成形性的商榷

对深冲薄钢板大生产的全工艺过程进行了跟踪，研究了ＷＹ０８ＡｌＡ薄钢板中Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的形成，形态以及它们对冷轧成品的深冲性能和冲压小件的冲压成形废品率的影响。     

骨组织工程PLGA/TCP复合材料的性能研究

骨组织工程的支架要求有与人骨在功能梯度上相一致的材料结构、几何结构和生理功能。PLGA／TCP复合材料具有适用于骨组织工程支架的综合性能。以快速成形技术低温沉积工艺的成形效果来评价材料的成形性能，以体外降解试验来评价材料的降解性能，以国家标准的方法来评价材料的细胞毒性，对PLGA和TCP不同配比下的性能进行了研究，发现TCP含量的增加有利于降低材料的细胞毒性，加快了材料的降解，但同时降低了材料的成形性能。从骨组织工程的临床应用来看，低的细胞毒性是需要首先得到保证的，成形性能则通过其他方式来改善。     

铁素体轧制关键技术与机制研究现状

摘要：铁素体轧制是控制精轧过程在铁素体范围内的板带热轧工艺,与传统的“热轧-冷轧-退火”工艺相比,可以实现“以热代冷”,显著节约成本。然而对于一些短流程生产工序,粗轧和精轧之间的高冷速会影响产品的尺寸和组织均匀性,尤其是两相区较宽的低碳钢,更难实现全铁素体区精轧。总结了板带铁素体轧制的相关研究工作,结合各企业铁素体轧制工艺的特点,提出了铁素体轧制工艺参数及组织性能控制目标。围绕铁素体轧制技术应用的几个关键问题展开分析讨论,重点讨论了两相区变形的软化机制及对织构的影响机制,为今后铁素体轧制关键技术的开发提供理论指导。     

Spheroidization of medium-carbon steels

Spheroidization experiments were made on a medium- carbon AISI 4037 steel, using both intercritical and subcritical annealing cycles. The results indicate that in the subcritical cycle the spheroidization occurred much more quickly than expected, so that shorter times were sufficient to achieve high formability. On the other hand, the hardness dropped faster in the intercritical cycle. Although more work needs to be done, these results suggest that using a subcritical spheroidization process instead of an intercritical process could achieve considerable savings in time, energy, and cost.     

激光毛面钢板的使用性能

介绍了激光毛面钢板的表面形貌特征及其对钢板使用性能的影响。激光毛面钢板有较小的摩擦系数和较高的抗擦伤能力，有很好的冲压流动性和塑性变形能力以及表面光亮度。     

Effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening of 6000 series aluminium alloys

By means of Vickers hardness,mechanical property and formability tests,the effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening of 6000 series aluminium alloys for automotive body sheets were investigated.The results indicate that the short-time pre-aging at 170℃makes for subsequent artificial aging precipitation hardening.With the increase of pre-aging time,the artificial aging hardenability increases.The aging hardening rate reaches the maximum when pre-aging time is up to 10 min,and then it decreases.The short-time pre-aging at 170℃benefits sheets to obtain lower strength under delivery condition and consequently to improve stamping formability of automotive body sheets.The effects of different tempers on precipitation hardening are much more obvious than those of the alloying elements.It is a good treatment schedule to perform pre-aging for 5 min at 170℃right after solution treatment.     

Heat treatment process of new NdFeB magnet prepared by spark plasma sintering

1　INTRODUCTIONTraditionallysinteredNdFeBmagnetcanmeettherequirementofdimensional precisionthroughpost machining ,whichusuallyresultsin 4 5 %ofma terialloss.Post machiningnotonlywastestherareearthresources ,butalsoincreasesthe productioncost .Moreover ,itisdifficulttopreparehomogeneousworkpieceswithlargedimensionandcomplicatedshapeduetosomeuncontrollablefactorsinthecon ventionalsintering process .Ontheotherhand ,al thoughthebondedNdFeBmagnethasbetterforma bilityanddimensionalprecision ,…