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农药和其它有机化合物环境参数的相关性及其预测 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
农药和其它有机化合物的水溶解度、正辛醇/水分配系数、有机碳吸附常数和生物浓缩因子等物化参数之间存在着明显的相关性,有机化合物的水溶解度与其正辛醇/水分配系数、有机碳吸附常数和生物浓缩因子呈负相关;正辛醇/水分配系数与有机碳吸附常数和生物浓缩因子呈正相关。本文所建立的数学关系式能较好地预测未知化合物的环境特性。 相似文献
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恒定横流底部多孔排放近区污水稀释扩散效果因素研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
借助于人工模型试验,分析了恒定横流底部多孔排放时扩散器设计参数(射流角度、射流速度、喷口个数)、上升管间距)及环境参数(环境水深、环境流速)对污水近区稀释扩散效果的影响,实验结果表明,除了环境条件对污水稀释扩散效果影响明显之外,扩散器设计参数对污水的近区稀释扩散也有显著的影响,针对白龙港排放口水域,喷口射流角度宜控制在10°左右,喷口个数取16个 相似文献
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Phytoplankton community structure and environmental parameters in
aquaculture areas of Daya Bay, South China Sea 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Environmental characteristics and phytoplankton community structure were investigated in two aquaculture areas in Dapeng Cove
of Daya Bay, South China Sea, between April 2005 and June 2006. Phytoplankton abundance ranged between 5.0 and 8877.5 cells/mL,
with an average of 751.8 cells/mL. The seasonal cycle of phytoplankton were demonstrated by frequent oscillations, with recurrent high
abundances from late spring to autumn and a peak stage in late winter. Diatoms were the predominant phytoplankton group, accounting
for 93.21% of the total abundance. The next most abundant group was the dinoflagellates, which made up only 1.24% of total abundance.
High concentrations of Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech with a maximum of 603.0 cells/mL were firstly recorded in this area
known for high rates of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) contamination. Temperatures and salinities were within the suitable values
for the growth of phytoplankton, and were important in phytoplankton seasonal fluctuations. The operation of the Daya Bay Nuclear
Power Station (DNPS) exerts influences on the phytoplankton community and resulted in the high abundances of toxic dinoflagellate
species during the winter months. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved silicate (DSi) were su cient, and rarely limited
for the growth of phytoplankton. Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) was the most necessary element for phytoplankton growth.
The enriched environments accelerated the growth of small diatoms, and made for the shift in predominant species from large diatom
Rhizosolenia spp. to chain-forming diatoms such as Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and Thalassiosira subtilis. 相似文献
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微塑料(直径<5 mm的塑料颗粒)作为一种新型环境污染物,对土壤及水生生态系统构成了严重威胁.本研究基于黄河中游大理河流域采集的21个沉积泥沙和12个农田土壤样品,分析了大理河流域不同介质中微塑料赋存特征和组成差异,揭示了不同介质中微塑料来源及 沉积泥沙中微塑料丰度的影响因素.结果表明,大理河流域沉积泥沙和农田土壤中都受到微塑料的严重污染,其丰度分别为440~1190个·kg-1和1180~2930个·kg-1,其中,小粒径微塑料(粒径<500 μm)为主要组成,分别占泥沙和土壤中微塑料颗粒总数的50.12%和72.5%.纤维是泥沙和土壤中微塑料最常见的形状,分别为66.95%和48.3%;薄膜和小球微塑料在农田土壤中较多,比沉积泥沙中高6.51%和13.83%.通过拉曼 光谱仪测试,沉积泥沙中微塑料聚合物组成主要为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚丙烯(PP),农田土壤中主要微塑料聚合物组成为聚乙烯(PE).农用地膜是农田土壤中主要微塑料来源,生活污水和固体废物是泥沙中微塑料的主要来源.此外,沉积泥沙中微塑料丰度的主要影响 因素为速效磷含量和径流流速.本研究结果可为深入了解黄河中游流域微塑料污染状况提供参考. 相似文献
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