涪陵地区茅三段热液白云岩展布影响因素分析

针对热液白云岩展布非均质性强的问题,开展基底断裂与茅三段沉积演化关系研究,分析断裂样式与白云岩分布关系,建立沉积演化模式,预测白云岩的分布。研究结果表明:茅三段可划分为5个小层,1~3小层为白云岩发育主要时期,4~5小层为台地均一化时期,不发育白云岩;15-1、15-2和16号基底断裂控制了早期“台-洼”相间的沉积地貌,断裂附近的地貌高部位为生屑滩发育有利部位,为白云岩的发育提供物质基础;15-1、15-2号基底断裂样式为花状,周边生屑滩白云石化程度高,为白云岩发育最有利区;16号基底断裂为直立状,附近白云石化发育程度较低,为白云岩发育较有利区。研究成果可为热液白云岩领域的进一步勘探提供指导依据。     

贺兰山西麓中生代构造反转及意义

通过对小松山断裂特征的再分析和对顺层断层特征的观察研究发现,发育于贺兰山北段西麓的小松山“推覆”构造实际上是一个滑覆构造。该区于晚侏罗世之后发生大规模构造反转,贺兰山沉积特征及玄武岩环境指示该区是一大陆裂谷斜坡,在中生代早中期并不存在大规模的东西向挤压应力环境。滑覆面之下的三叠系—中上侏罗统的褶皱变形及顺层剪切是这种滑覆引起的局部构造变形,与鄂尔多斯地块西部发育的典型的东西向逆冲形成明显对比,值得重视。      

伊犁盆地生成发展概述

本文对伊犁盆地的生成和发展做了初步探讨,认为它是在前震旦纪结晶基底之上经历了较长时间的抬升之后形成和发展起来的双层结构盆地,即石炭纪体内裂谷盆地,石炭纪后山间陆相盆地。     

Prebiotic synthesis of sequential peptides on the Hadean beach by a molecular engine working with nitrogen oxides as energy sources

Addressing the still open question of the prebiotic origin of sequential macromolecules (peptides, nucleic acids) on the primitive Earth, we describe a molecular engine (the primary pump), which works at ambient temperature and continuously generates, elongates and complexifies sequential peptides. This new scenario is based on a cyclic reaction sequence, whose keystep is the activation of amino acids into their N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCA) through nitrosation by NOx. This process could have taken place on tidal beaches; it requires a buffered ocean, emerged land and a nitrosating atmosphere. With the help of geochemical studies and computer simulations of atmosphere photochemistry, we show that the primitive Earth during the Hadean may have satisfied all these requirements. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry.     

陆相盆地隐蔽油气藏勘探方法--以金湖凹陷戴南组为例

根据国内外研究现状和实际工作总结，提出陆相盆地隐蔽油气藏勘探必须在层序地层学综合研究的框架下统一运用各种相关的地质与地震技术，认为隐蔽油气藏的目标预测和评价可分为工区选择、目标层段确定、圈闭预测及含油气性评价等步骤，并讨论了各阶段的地质-地震综合研究方法，分析了该方法在金湖凹陷戴南组隐蔽油气藏勘探中的应用。     

陆相断陷盆地层序地层与成藏单元类比分析——以济阳坳陷为例

陆相断陷盆地不同级别的层序地层是不同层次构造运动形式的物质体现，也以不同的方式对应着不同类型的石油地质要素。盆地不同级别成藏单元成因划分的基础是不同层次的成藏要素类型及其作用，通过不同级别层序地层、地质要素及其作用内在联系的分析，认为不同级别的层序地层单元与成藏单元之间可以建立起成因类比关系，一级层序、二级层序、三级层序分别以不同的方式对应于含油气盆地、含油气系统或复式油气聚集带、成藏组合体．从而更加深入地反映陆相断陷位地等时成因地层格架与成藏单元结构间的内在成因联系。     

中国南海北部二氧化碳气成因

中国南海北部海域在油气勘探中发现了CO_2气,对油气有无影响?在借鉴世界、中国东部陆地CO_2气成因研究成果的基础上,从分析研究区CO_2,气的分布入手,采用多种方法,在综合分析基础上,对本区CO_2气藏进行分类.认为研究区CO_2;气藏为无机成因,其特征受各盆地或地区具体地质条件的控制.哈萨克斯坦引起了国际石油界的很大关注,但它并不是前苏联唯一的具吸引力之地.美国地质调查调查所(丹佛)和AAPG今年著名讲演者Gregory F Ulmishek说.前苏联有20多个沉积盆地生产油气或具有尚未开采的发现.Ulmishek 1980年到美国前,获得过莫斯科石油学院地质学硕士学位,作为一个地质学家在前苏联工作过23年.他的1993—1994年题为“前苏联主要油气地质学及勘探潜力”的著名演讲在1993年12月6日至17日和1994年3月28日至4月8日的巡回活动中推出.     

Life under ice in the perennial ice‐covered Lake Glubokoe in Summer (East Antarctica)

This study focuses on hydrological and biotic variables in Lake Glubokoe, which is located in Thala Hills of Enderby Land (East Antarctica). Water and sediment samples and physical measurements were collected once a week in the austral summer (19 December 2010 – 6 February 2011). This lake exhibits perennial ice cover that reached a thickness of 2.5–2.7 m during the study period. A very low concentration of planktonic chlorophyll‐a (0.06–0.45 μg L^?1) was measured in the lake, indicating its ultra‐oligotrophic status. The water was poorly populated by algae and metazoans, especially in upper waters below ice cover to a depth of 2 m. Small planktonic organisms (2–5 μm) were observed throughout the study period, but larger organisms (>8 μm) such as the cyanobacteria Planktolyngbya limnetica occurred only during the warmest period (January). Only few individuals of metazoans (rotifers) were found in planktonic samples. Due to deep light penetration (10–15% of incoming active solar radiation reached the depth of 30 m), thick cyanobacterial mats (30 cm) cover all the bottom surface (grey silts) in the lake. Abundant benthic biota associated with these mats was found (up to 1000 ind. m^?2). Among the benthic metazoans, bdelloid rotifers and tardigrades were the dominating taxa. The results of this study suggest a typical ecological feature of most subglacial lakes in East Antarctica is that metazoans are very poor in the pelagic zone, preferring instead to occupy an area near the lake bottom because of a favourable constant temperature of 4 °C, good level of dissolved oxygen and available food resources as the bacterial detritus.     

SRM融雪径流模型在疏勒河流域上游的应用

疏勒河是西北典型的干旱区内陆河流域,其冰雪融水是春季径流补给的重要来源之一。本文结合MODIS积雪产品MOD10A2、DEM数据和气象台站数据,构建了疏勒河流域上游SRM融雪径流模型,模拟结果的拟合优度确定系数Nash-Sutcliffe系数R2=0.834和体积差DV=1.63%。结果表明:该模型能基本上把握疏勒河流域融雪径流的趋势,达到了较好的模拟效果,可用于该流域春季径流的预测,为预防春季融雪型洪水灾害和减轻春季旱情提供了基础。     

中条铜矿与秦岭造山带

中条裂谷位于华北陆(板)块南缘的北部,中条群处在活动大陆边缘海域的沉积环境,应包括在秦岭-大别活动带内.从中条裂谷的地质特征分析,如NNE-EW向构造格架、火成岩省、古地热状态及成矿作用等,均与秦岭造山带碰撞作用息息相关.对华北陆(板)块南缘,南、北秦岭造山带,扬子陆(板)块北缘4个构造单元的地壳和上地幔元素丰度比较,可知扬子陆(板)块以富含Cu为特征.由于古元古代以前,扬子陆(板)块已俯冲到华北陆(板)块之下,同时古热幔柱脉动式活动频繁,为成矿作用提供了矿质来源,在中条裂谷的深部形成含铜(金)的成矿物质场,又有基性和酸性岩浆的喷发和侵入,以及具中低温、压的古地热构造环境,为创建释放热流场和成矿动力场奠定了控矿基础.