单晶硅化物及其应用

本文评述了单晶CoSi_2和NiSi_2的结构特点、各种制备方法、器件应用和发展前景。采用分子束外延(MBE)和“内延”法(Mesotaxy)制备的单晶硅化物质量,电学性能和热稳定性较好。由于首次得到理想的突变的金属——半导体接触,使对金属——半导体接触的理论分析成为可能。硅/单晶硅化物/硅结构在实际应用中非常重要,如单晶硅化物作集电极埋层,能降低集电极串联电阻,克服重掺杂埋层的横扩和自掺杂问题,提高了电路工作速度,减小了器件面积。埋层硅化物也可作为微波传输线的地线,是实现高频集成电路互连的好方法。而采用该结构制备的高速器件——金属基区晶体管(MBT)和穿透基区晶体管(PBT),具有很好的应用前景。     

2—巯基苯并噻唑在铜表面的吸附状态

在pH值大于6时，2－巯基苯并噻唑（MBT）在银和铜表面具有相同的吸附状态；随溶液pH值降低，部分吸附的硫醇离子逐渐异构化为硫酮，破坏了MBT平面吸附层。在pH值高于3时，MBT在铜表面仍然以其分子平面平行于表面，起到阻挡侵蚀分子的作用，由此可知在弱碱性溶液中它对于铜有更的保护效果。     

基于模型的方法在软件测试领域的应用与发展

伴随着软件在当今社会中扮演着日益重要的角色,在各类软件或系统的开发过程中,测试变得越来越重要.随着面向对象技术的广泛应用和软件测试自动化的要求,基于模型的测试(MBT)技术逐渐得到了软件开发和测试人员的认可和接受.尽管有许多国内出版物讨论了基于模型的测试技术,但还没有相关技术文章对MBT技术及工具的当前发展进行回顾与总结.文章对当前MBT技术的通用模型、测试用例生成方法、测试目标选择等MBT方法进行回顾,并对基于模型的自动化测试工具、应用实践进行了概述.最后,探讨了MBT技术的未来发展与研究方向.     

高岭石-MBT复合材料的制备及其对Pb2+的吸附性能

采用不同的方法制备了高岭石 - 2 -巯基苯并噻唑 (简写为高岭石 -MBT)复合体 ,并考察了其对水溶液中Pb2 的吸附性能 ,得到了高岭石 -MBT复合体吸附水溶液中Pb2 离子的最佳工艺条件 ,测得其对Pb2 的最大吸附量为 4.2 5 μmol/g。     

2-巯基苯并噻唑的改性及在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能研究

 摘要：在2-巯基苯并噻唑分子中引入硼元素(B)和油溶性基团正辛氧基，合成了2-硫酮苯并噻唑啉-3-甲基二正辛基硼酸酯(OTB)，以它作为润滑油添加剂，采用四球摩擦磨损试验﹑铜片腐蚀性试验分别考察了加有OTB的菜籽油(RO)的摩擦学性能及抗腐蚀性能，分析了载荷﹑摩擦时间﹑添加剂含量对菜子油摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明，在菜子油中添加OTB后，其承载能力明显提高，磨斑直径和摩擦系数均显著下降，特别在较高的载荷下具有更好的抗磨减摩性能，并表现出较好的抗腐蚀性能，可以作为润滑油多功能添加剂使用。     

用APDC替代MBT铜缓蚀剂的试验与讨论

ＭＢＴ是火电厂发电机内冷水系统中常用的铜缓蚀剂，但它有溶解能力差，介质要求高（ｐＨ〉６．８）等缺陷；文中针对ＭＢＴ使用上存在的问题，提出一种与ＭＢＴ有相似结构及络合能力的有机螯合剂，力求在不改变对金属铜的缓蚀机理的前提下，发挥与ＭＢＴ同样的缓蚀作用，并弥补ＭＢＴ应用的不足。文中还通过实验比较二者的缓蚀能力、适用介质，成本等问题，得出一些结论。     

Combustion of n-butanol in a spark-ignition IC engine

Alcohols, because of their potential to be produced from renewable sources and because of their high quality characteristics for spark-ignition (SI) engines, are considered quality fuels which can be blended with fossil-based gasoline for use in internal combustion engines. They enable the transformation of our energy basis in transportation to reduce dependence on fossil fuels as an energy source for vehicles. The research presented in this work is focused on applying n-butanol as a blending agent additive to gasoline to reduce the fossil part in the fuel mixture and in this way to reduce life cycle CO₂ emissions. The impact on combustion processes in a spark-ignited internal combustion engine is also detailed. Blends of n-butanol to gasoline with ratios of 0%, 20%, and 60% in addition to near n-butanol have been studied in a single cylinder cooperative fuels research engine (CFR) SI engine with variable compression ratio manufactured by Waukesha Engine Company. The engine is modified to provide air control and port fuel injection. Engine control and monitoring was performed using a target-based rapid-prototyping system with electronic sensors and actuators installed on the engine [1]. A real-time combustion analysis system was applied for data acquisition and online analysis of combustion quantities. Tests were performed under stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratios, fixed engine torque, and compression ratios of 8:1 and 10:1 with spark timing sweeps from 18° to 4° before top dead center (BTDC). On the basis of the experimental data, combustion characteristics for these fuels have been determined as follows: mass fraction burned (MFB) profile, rate of MFB, combustion duration and location of 50% MFB. Analysis of these data gives conclusions about combustion phasing for optimal spark timing for maximum break torque (MBT) and normalized rate for heat release. Additionally, susceptibility of 20% and 60% butanol-gasoline blends on combustion knock was investigated. Simultaneously, comparison between these fuels and pure gasoline in the above areas was investigated. Finally, on the basis of these conclusions, characteristic of these fuel blends as substitutes of gasoline for a series production engine were discussed.     

掺氮TiO_(2-x)N_x薄膜托槽的细胞相容性研究

采用射频磁控溅射法在普通MBT直丝弓金属托槽表面制备了锐钛矿相掺氮TiO2-xNx薄膜,通过MTT比色法、细胞形态学观察、扫描电镜及荧光染色法评价薄膜托槽的细胞学性能。结果表明,掺氮TiO2-xNx薄膜托槽的细胞毒性为0级,与对照组相比,薄膜托槽组细胞的相对增殖率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);扫描电镜图像显示细胞在薄膜托槽表面贴壁生长良好;荧光显微镜观察显示粘附在材料表面的细胞其细胞核呈亮黄绿色荧光,细胞质呈绿色荧光,细胞生长良好。由此证明掺氮TiO2-xNx薄膜托槽具有良好的细胞相容性。     

Methanogenic community shift in anaerobic batch digesters treating swine wastewater

Qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis techniques were used to determine associations between differences in methanogenic microbial communities and the efficiency of batch anaerobic digesters. Two bioreactors were initially seeded with anaerobic sludge originating from a local municipal wastewater treatment plant and then supplemented with swine wastewater. Differences were observed in the total amount of methane produced in the two bioreactors (7.9 L/L, and 4.5 L/L, respectively). To explain these differences, efforts were taken to characterize the microbial populations present using a PCR-based DGGE analysis with methanogenic primer and probe sets. The groups Methanomicrobiales (MMB), Methanobacteriales (MBT), and Methanosarcinales (MSL) were detected, but Methanococcales (MCC) was not detected. Following this qualitative assay, real-time PCR was used to investigate quantitative differences in the populations of these methanogenic orders. MMB was found to be the dominant order present and its abundance patterns were different in the two digesters. The population profiles of the other methanogenic groups also differed. Through redundancy analysis, correlations between the concentrations of the different microbes and chemical properties such as volatile fatty acids were calculated. Correlations between MBT and MSL populations and chemical properties were found to be consistent in both digesters, however, differences were observed in the correlations between MMB and propionate. These results suggest that interactions between populations of MMB and other methanogens affected the final methane yield, despite MMB remaining the dominant group overall. The exact details of why changes in the MMB community caused different profiles of methane production could not be ascertained. However, this research provides evidence that microbial behavior is important for regulating the performance of anaerobic processes.     

The reactions of 2‐(4‐morpholinothio)‐ and 2‐(4‐morpholinodithio) benzothiazole in the absence of polyisoprene

2‐(4‐morpholinothio)benzothiazole (MOR) and 2‐(4‐morpholinodithio)benzothiazole (MDB) were heated with sulfur and ZnO in a DSC. The products formed at various temperatures were identified and analyzed by HPLC. At temperatures below 200°C, decomposition of the accelerator in the absence of other curatives was slow, degradation products being mainly 2‐bisbenzothiazole‐2,2′‐disulfide (MBTS) and 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). A rapid exothermic decomposition above 200°C resulted in the formation of MBT (or its amine salt) and 2‐(4‐morpholino)benzothiazole (MB). MOR and MDB reacted with sulfur to form higher polysulfides. MDB was shown to react more readily with sulfur than MOR and the delayed action of MOR in rubber can therefore not be ascribed to a stable polysulfide as suggested by other authors. Neither MOR nor MDB was found to react with ZnO. A limited reaction between MBT and ZnO was observed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 1235–1240, 1999