基于刚柔耦合环模型的轮胎均匀性建模与分析

轮胎在生产制造过程中会不可避免地产生结构、材料、质量分布等不均匀问题。汽车即使在平稳路面上行驶,轮胎的不均匀性也会引起轴力的波动,并且轴力的高阶谐波还可能引发车辆内部的噪声问题。本研究基于刚柔耦合环模型,提出了一个用于分析轮胎几何不均匀导致的动态响应的理论模型。该模型考虑了径向尺寸偏差的影响,得到了不同垂向负荷下轮胎与路面接触压力分布和接地印痕长度,进而分析了轴头纵向力和径向力的波动,并利用试验数据进行了验证。结果表明,建立的模型可以很好地描述轮胎几何不均匀性对其受力的影响,并预测低速时径向尺寸偏差对径向力波动的影响。     

浅析影响汽车轮毂跳动的几个因素

汽车轮毂的跳动是一个非常重要的性能尺寸，它影响着汽车运行的平稳性及安全性。论文从理论上简单地分析影响轮毂跳动的五个环节，同时对影响轮毂跳动较大的环节进行试验分析，并运用统计过程控制的方法进行了验证。     

Advanced run-out table cooling technology based on ultra fast cooling and laminar cooling in hot strip mill

In order to meet the severe requirements of market and reduce production costs of high quality steels, advanced run-out table cooling based on ultra fast cooling (UFC) and laminar cooling (LC) was proposed and applied to industrial production. Cooling mechanism of UFC and LC was introduced first, and then the control system and control models were described. By using UFC and LC, low-cost Q345B strips had been produced in a large scale, and industrial trials of producing low-cost dual phase strips were completed successfully. Application results show that the ultra fast cooling is uniform along the strip width and length, and does not affect the flatness of strips. The run-out table cooling system runs stably with a high precision, and makes it possible for the user to develop more high quality steels with low costs.     

精密球轴承不可重复跳动影响主轴动特性的预测

将精密球轴承不可重复跳动(NRRO)的研究引入到主轴系统分析中,阐述了主轴系统NRRO的概念。应用滚动轴承几何学、弹性力学和滚道控制论,给出了高速角接触球轴承由内圈、外圈、钢球几何误差与球数变化所引起的NRRO的数值计算公式。为了在设计阶段揭示NRRO对精密主轴的影响规律,建立了考虑NRRO效应的主轴系统动态预估模型。计算实例和理论分析表明:球轴承中当一个钢球误差较大时,NRRO值随着球数增加而降低;内、外圈的几何误差对系统NRRO的影响较小;钢球本身的表面几何误差对系统NRRO的影响比较显著。针对现有轴系设计方法的不足之处,在预估模型基础上,提出了基于响应面的主轴系统NRRO抑制设计方法,为精密轴承系统研究提供了一定的理论依据和参考。     

基于流形元模型的高速远程滑坡碎屑流运动规律与拦挡结构减灾效果研究

高速远程滑坡碎屑流具有极高的动能和超远移动距离,是一种危害范围广、破坏力极大的地质灾害。目前研究多基于高速远程滑坡的效应机理,对于拦挡结构减灾作用研究较少,尚未形成完善的高速远程滑坡减灾体系,而数值模拟是研究碎屑流拦挡结构减灾作用的重要手段。本文采用数值流形方法对牛圈沟强震诱发滑坡所形成的高速碎屑流运动过程进行了模拟,分析其堆积状态以及运动特性,通过数值试验研究了碎屑流运动路径上植被覆盖、拦挡墙高度、位置以及布置方式对高速远程滑坡碎屑流堆积状态的影响,并对拦挡墙的减灾作用进行评价。不同于颗粒离散元方法,数值流形方法可以模拟任意形状块体相互接触、碰撞,从而避免了运动过程中圆颗粒滚动摩擦对模拟结果的影响。模拟结果表明,尽管在碎屑流运动路径上增加植被覆盖可降低碎屑流运动距离,为达到更好拦截碎屑流的效果,仍需在运动路径上布置拦挡墙,以有效降低碎屑流的沿程位移及远程堆积量。当拦挡墙布置于不同位置时,对滑坡碎屑流有不同的截流阻滑作用,并确定拦挡墙的最优位置。此外,相对于增加拦挡墙高度,设置多排拦挡墙可更加有效地拦截碎屑流以减少对下游的危害。     

大型汽轮发电机组轴系不对中振动的研究

轴系不对中可分为联轴器不对中、轴瓦中心标高偏差以及转子与静子不同心三种类型，分析讨论各种不对中情况的力学机理及振动故障特征，给出联轴器不对中的晃度控制参考标准，并介绍各种不对中故障的工程实际案例。轴振晃度是联轴器对中状态的直接反映，可利用轴振晃度数据诊断联轴器不对中。在安装和检修过程中应严格进行轴系找中、在运行过程中应避免对机组轴系形成冲击负荷，才能保证大型汽轮发电机组的安全、稳定、经济运行。图7表8参8     

圆跳动误差测量及浅析

本文就跳动误差的三坐标测量方法进行研究分析,并对同一被测件用常规方法和三坐标测量方法进行测量实验,分析了测量结果的影响因素,为跳动误差的准确测量提供参考,并为现有三坐标测量机的测量软件升级提供依据。     

非整圆回转零件测量过程中修正偏心影响的研究

在测量以凸轮为代表的非整圆回转零件时，若转动中心偏离工件几何中心，就会给某些重要参数的测量结果带来误差。本文对测量过程进行了数学描述，并经严谨推导建立了偏心修正的数学模型。     

Development of measuring system for radial non-repetitive run-out (NRRO) and perception about present state of angular contact ball bearing for machine tools

This paper deals with the non-repetitive run-out (NRRO) of an angular contact ball bearing for machine tools. First, a measuring system for the rotational accuracy of the bearing was developed. Then, the following results were obtained using the developed measuring system.

(1)

The NRRO of ball cage rotation increased with rotational speed.

(2)

The influence of form errors in the inner and outer rings on NRRO was small.

(3)

The influences of form errors in the balls of the bearing and the diameter difference of balls on NRRO were significant.

     

Instantaneous uncut chip thickness modeling for micro-end milling process

The prediction model of instantaneous uncut chip thickness is critical for micro-end milling process, which can directly affect the cutting forces, surface accuracy, and process stability of the micro-end milling process. This paper presents an instantaneous uncut chip thickness model systematically based on the actual trochoidal trajectory of tooth and the tool run-out in micro-end milling process. The variable entry and exit angles of tool, which are affected by the tool run-out, are concerned in the model. The related instantaneous uncut chip thickness is evaluated by considering the theoretical instantaneous uncut chip thickness and the minimum uncut chip thickness, which is formulated by two types of material removal mechanisms, in the elastic-plastic deformation region and the complete chip formation region, respectively. In comparison with the instantaneous chip thickness obtained from the conventional model, the feasibility of the proposed model can be proved by the related simulation results with variable process parameters including feed per tooth, radial depth of cut, and tool run-out. In addition, the predicted and measured cutting forces are compared with validate the accuracy of the proposed instantaneous uncut chip thickness model for the micro-end milling process.