Standardisierte Kontrastmittelsonographie (CEUS) in der klinischen Akut- und Notfallmedizin sowie Intensivmedizin (CEUS-Akut)

Die Anaesthesiologie -     

Comprehensive interrogation of gene lists from genome-scale cancer screens with oncoEnrichR

Genome-scale screening experiments in cancer produce long lists of candidate genes that require extensive interpretation for biological insight and prioritization for follow-up studies. Interrogation of gene lists frequently represents a significant and time-consuming undertaking, in which experimental biologists typically combine results from a variety of bioinformatics resources in an attempt to portray and understand cancer relevance. As a means to simplify and strengthen the support for this endeavor, we have developed oncoEnrichR, a flexible bioinformatics tool that allows cancer researchers to comprehensively interrogate a given gene list along multiple facets of cancer relevance. oncoEnrichR differs from general gene set analysis frameworks through the integration of an extensive set of prior knowledge specifically relevant for cancer, including ranked gene-tumor type associations, literature-supported proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene annotations, target druggability data, regulatory interactions, synthetic lethality predictions, as well as prognostic associations, gene aberrations and co-expression patterns across tumor types. The software produces a structured and user-friendly analysis report as its main output, where versions of all underlying data resources are explicitly logged, the latter being a critical component for reproducible science. We demonstrate the usefulness of oncoEnrichR through interrogation of two candidate lists from proteomic and CRISPR screens. oncoEnrichR is freely available as a web-based service hosted by the Galaxy platform ( https://oncotools.elixir.no ), and can also be accessed as a stand-alone R package ( https://github.com/sigven/oncoEnrichR ).     

A randomized controlled trial of the effect of spironolactone on left ventricular mass in hemodialysis patients

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End-of-life care for glioma patients; the caregivers’ perspective

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - Gliomas are primary brain tumors with a life-limiting course of disease, and the last weeks of life are often characterized by neurological deficits that affect...     

The Potential of Semaglutide Once-Weekly in Patients Without Type 2 Diabetes with Weight Regain or Insufficient Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery—a Retrospective Analysis

Purpose

About 20–25% of patients experience weight regain (WR) or insufficient weight loss (IWL) after bariatric metabolic surgery (BS). Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively assess the effectiveness of adjunct treatment with the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide in non-diabetic patients with WR or IWL after BS.

Materials and Methods

Post-bariatric patients without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with WR or IWL (n?=?44) were included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was weight loss 3 and 6 months after initiation of adjunct treatment. Secondary endpoints included change in BMI, HbA1c, lipid profile, hs-CRP, and liver enzymes.

Results

Patients started semaglutide 64.7?±?47.6 months (mean?±?SD) after BS. At initiation of semaglutide, WR after post-bariatric weight nadir was 12.3?±?14.4% (mean?±?SD). Total weight loss during semaglutide treatment was???6.0?±?4.3% (mean?±?SD, p?<?0.001) after 3 months (3.2 months, IQR 3.0–3.5, n?=?38) and???10.3?±?5.5% (mean?±?SD, p?<?0.001) after 6 months (5.8 months, IQR 5.8–6.4, n?=?20). At 3 months, categorical weight loss was?>?5% in 61% of patients,?>?10% in 16% of patients, and?>?15% in 2% of patients. Triglycerides (OR?=?0.99; p?<?0.05), ALT (OR?=?0.87; p?=?0.05), and AST (OR?=?0.89; p?<?0.05) at baseline were negatively associated with weight loss of at least 5% at 3 months’ follow-up (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion

Treatment options to manage post-bariatric excess weight (regain) are scarce. Our results imply a clear benefit of adjunct treatment with semaglutide in post-bariatric patients. However, these results need to be confirmed in a prospective randomized controlled trial to close the gap between lifestyle intervention and revision surgery in patients with IWL or WR after BS.

Graphical abstract

     

Tanzania IR Initiative: Training the First Generation of Interventional Radiologists

Despite a population of nearly 60 million, there is currently not a single interventional radiologist in Tanzania. Based on an Interventional Radiology (IR) Readiness Assessment, the key obstacles to establishing IR in Tanzania are the lack of training opportunities and limited availability of disposable equipment. An IR training program was designed and initiated, which relies on US-based volunteer teams of IR physicians, nurses, and technologists to locally train radiology residents, nurses, and technologists. Preliminary results support this strategy for addressing the lack of training opportunities and provide a model for introducing IR to other resource-limited settings.