耳廓三维图像数据库的应用研究

目的：探索一种新的耳腰复体制作方法。方法：将耳廓三维图像数据库中的三维模型，在surfacer 10．0软件平台上数据处理为CAD模型；并在此基础上，根据预修改内容设计标准，局部修改调整耳廓三维图像数据库中三维模型形态，建立预修改模型库和一种模拟的CAD功能。在Magics RP5．41软件平台上完成耳廓三维模型按一定比例放大、缩小及镜像处理。运用快速成型技术完成最终三维模型向实体模型的转化过程，制作耳腰复体模型。结果：建立了一个耳廓三维图像数据库应用系统。结论：探索了一种新的，更加方便的制作耳腰复体的方法。     

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescents and Youth in Beijing: Data from Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome has a negative impact on the health of millions of adolescents and youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of OSA syndrome with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents and youth at risk for metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods:

A total of 558 subjects aged 14–28 years were recruited from the Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study. Each underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), echocardiography, and liver ultrasonography. Anthropometric measures, blood levels of glucose, lipids, and liver enzymes were assessed. Subjects with high or low risk for OSA were identified by Berlin Questionnaire (BQ).

Results:

Among the subjects in obesity, 33.7% of whom were likely to have OSA by BQ. Subjects with high risk for OSA had higher neck and waist circumference and fat mass percentage compared to those with low risk for OSA (P < 0.001). Moreover, significant differences in levels of lipids, glucose after OGTT, and liver enzymes, as well as echocardiographic parameters were found between the two groups with high or low risk for OSA (P < 0.05). The rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (71.0% vs. 24.2%), MS (38.9% vs. 7.0%), and its components in high-risk group were significantly higher than in low-risk group.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of OSA by BQ was high in obese adolescents and youth. A high risk for OSA indicates a high cardiometabolic risk. Mechanisms mediating the observed associations require further investigation.     

Compensation: A Contemporary Regulatory Machinery in Cardiovascular Diseases?

Both clinical and experimental findings at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and systematic levels have depicted the presence of a contemporary regulatory machinery namely compensation in various forms of cardiovascular diseases. Compensation is believed to be present and regulated within the scope of a biological entity and represents the initiation of dyshomeostasis. Compensation can be identified in multiple categories and organs in cardiovascular diseases at multiple levels. The capacity to reduce the unfavorable pathological compensation may be a criterion to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness for cardiovascular diseases. This mini-review tries to take compensation into consideration in the understanding of onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases in particular, and thus, better or optimal therapeutic approaches may be achieved for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.     

Decrease in size of non-treated lesions after cryoablation for hepatocellular carcinoma

We present the case of one 58-year-old man with advancd hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis-B virus-related liver cirrhosis who received hepatic cryoablation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple liver tumors and the diameter of the largest tumor was more than 10cm. The patient received 2 percutaneous cryoablations in December 2009 and January 2010. Ten months later, MRI showed that not only the treated areas underwent necrosis but also the non-treated area decreased. The a-fetoprotein (AFP) level and the frequency of circulated regulatory T cell (Treg) before treatment were 13,800ng/mL and 15.6%, respectively. Following the cryoablations they dropped to 436ng/mL and 7.6%, respectively, 10 months later. The patient remains in good condition until now.     

实时灰阶超声造影在肝肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的:评价实时灰阶超声造影在肝肿瘤诊断中的价值.方法:利用实时灰阶超声造影观察50例54个肝实质性肿块的动态增强表现作出造影诊断,并与病理对照.结果:除2例少血供胃肠道肝转移癌、1例手术后疤痕及1例炎性假瘤未见增强外,其余肿块均有不同程度的增强.肝恶性肿块早期动脉相强化,消失较快;肝血管瘤(HCH)增强速度较慢,呈周边强化;肝局灶性结节性增生(FNH)早期动脉相强化,但持续时间较长;肝硬化结节与肝实质呈同步强化.如以动脉相增强呈高回声而门脉相消失呈低回声考虑为肝恶性肿瘤,则本组超声造影诊断肝恶性肿瘤的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为91.7%(33/36),100%(18/18)和94.4%(51/54).结论:实时灰阶超声造影可得到丰富的肝肿瘤供血及血流灌注信息,对肝肿瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断有重要的临床应用价值.     

抗VEGF制剂及其联合应用治疗脉络膜新生血管研究进展

年龄相关性黄斑变性是65岁以上人群不可逆视力损伤的重要原因之一。严重的视力丧失发生在有脉络膜新生血管发展的湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性。血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth facter,VEGF)是导致脉络膜新生血管形成的主要因素之一,目前多种抗VEGF药物已经被应用于眼科,并显示出良好的疗效。现对研发的多种抗VEGF药物及其联合应用的临床研究进行综述。     

血清孕酮、β-HCG联合检测和治疗先兆流产的临床研究

目的:探讨血清孕酮与β-HCG联合检测在预测早期先兆流产结局中的临床价值。方法:对80例早期先兆流产患者血清P与β-HCG进行检测,并与追踪到的妊娠结局进行分析。结果:血清P值>25 ng/ml、血β-HCG>50 mIU/ml患者22例占27.5%,经绝对卧床休息,未用药治疗,均胚胎发育正常;血清P值在15.94~25ng/ml、血β-HCG 10~50 mIU/ml患者41例占51.3%,经黄体酮与HCG针保胎治疗后均胚胎发育正常;血清P值<15.94 ng/ml、血β-HCG<10 mIU/ml患者11例占13.8%,终止妊娠者均可见清除宫内组织物中几乎不见新鲜绒毛并伴有不同程度的陈旧性出血;血清孕酮与β-HCG上升不同步患者6例占7.4%,均最终难免流产。结论:联合检测血清孕酮与β-HCG可以预测先兆流产患者妊娠结局,对于指导治疗具有重要的临床价值,既避免不必要的药物干预及经济负担,又能起到提高保胎治疗的成功率。