Influence of food quality and quantity on children's teeth]

Sugar and tooth decays are bound closely. The mechanisms of destruction of the tooth from the glycolyse are known. The role played by the food in the development of the caries is unique. Foods sweetened of all ways, rich in sucrose are responsible of the intervening of the carious lesions. The transformation of the fermentable sugars in lactic with the absence of hygiene and the action conjugated of the bacteria leads to tooth decays in temporary and permanent denture that evolve very quickly in the absence of treatment. Reasons for which the authors put in evidence in this survey, the influence of the food sweetened on the teeth at the children while showing the cases of caries and its complications due to the excessive consumption of fermentable hydrates of carbon.     

Epilepsy disclosing cancer of the kidney

Cerebral metastases of renal cell carcinoma are not rare, but metastasis which reveal the primary tumor are uncommon. The authors report a case of a 53-year-old woman who presented with renal cell carcinoma revealed by epileptic fit.     

Blood Typing Profile of a School-Aged Population of a North Togo Township

The aim of this study was the determination of hemoglobin (Hb) variants and ABO blood groups in a school population aged 6 to 9 years in the township of Agbandé-Yaka in North Togo. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 570 children of four primary schools at Agbande-Yaka, between March and July 2010. Hemoglobin characterization was done by alkaline buffer electrophoresis and the blood types ABO-Rhesus (Rh) D by immuno-hematological methods. A Hb variant was detected in 37.0% of the schoolchildren. Among them, the AS trait accounted for 11.9% and the AC trait for 20.2%. Homozygous Hb S (HBB: c.20A>T) was not found but Hb C (HBB: c.19G>A) appeared at a frequency of 3.3%, while compound heterozygotes carrying Hb SC were seen at a frequency of 1.6%. The O, B and A blood groups accounted for 49.0, 26.8 and 21.9%, respectively. The Hb anomalies reached a high prevalence in this school population. These results are remarkable by the absence of homozygous Hb S individuals compared to homozygous Hb C individuals, which were as numerous as expected. The frequencies of the ABO blood groups are similar to what has been found in other West African populations.     

Thermosensitive and Mucoadhesive Pluronic-Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose Hydrogel Containing the Mini-CD4 M48U1 Is a Promising Efficient Barrier against HIV Diffusion through Macaque Cervicovaginal Mucus

To be efficient, vaginal microbicide hydrogels should form a barrier against viral infections and prevent virus spreading through mucus. Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EO_n-PO_m-EO_n (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). COOH-PS were used to mimic the size and the surface charge of HIV-1. Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls. Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC. The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.     

Apport de l’échographie abdominale au cours de l’infection par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine de l’adulte à Bangui (République centrafricaine)

Purpose

Describe the most frequent abdominal lesions in the ultrasound examination during the infection with HIV.

Patients and method

A transverse prospective study over a period of 12 months included 104 patients infected by the HIV and who presenting abdominal lesions.

Results Profits

The mean age of the patients was 36.2 years with extremes from 15 to 70 years and a sex-ratio of 1.3 in favour of the women. The age bracket from 30 to 39 years was the most affected touched. The abdominal lesions were dominated by: the lesions hepatobiliary in 41.2% of the cases, the deep adenopathies in 24.4%, deep lymph nodes in 24.4%, ascites in 14.4% and homogeneous or multinodulaire enlarged spleen in 11% of the cases. The renal, pancreatic and intestinal hurts were rare. About 30% of the patients had a rate of CD4 lower than 50 elements/mm³ and a little more than half (51%) was under for HIV.

Conclusion

Abdominal injury during the infection by the HIV are multiple. Abdominal echography allows to make an exhaustive work-up of the main lesions; any time, the results of this examination must be confronted with the biology and the anatomopathology for a diagnosis of certainty with the aim of better treatment.