三尖瓣与下腔静脉间峡部血管造影评价281例随机使用8mm大头导管或盐水灌注导管患者房扑消融的疗效

目的:三尖瓣与下腔静脉间峡部(CTI)依赖性房扑的射频消融(RFA)可应用多种消融导管。最近的研究比较了冷盐水灌注RFA(ecRFA)导管和大头(8mm)导管,结果发现ecRFA导管用于CTI消融的效果可能更好。本前瞻性研究旨在依据CTI形态学分层对两种导管进行比较,以部分解释此前随机化研究结果的不一致性,并在临床、超声心电图和血管造影资料中确定复杂CTI消融的预测因素。     

心房颤动对不同心功能分级的患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

Objective To assess the effect of atrial fibriUation (AF) on plasma levels of NT-proBNP in patients with different cardiac functions. Methods One hundred and ninty-one patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were divided into two groups: minor CHF group (NYHA Ⅰ/Ⅱ class) and sever CHF group (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class). In addition,84 patients without HF (non-HF group) were enrolled as control The plas-ma NT-proBNP were assayed and the effect of AF on the NT-proBNP levels was analyzed to determine inde-pendent of NT-proBNP levels in 3 groups. Results Patients with AF in non-HF had higher NT-proBNP levels than those with sinus rhythm (SR) [(2.95 ±0.41) vs (2.21±0.44) ng/L, P < 0.01], and multi-variables regression demonstrated that age, AF and left atrial diameter (LAD) were independent determinants of NT-proBNP levels (P <0.001). NT-proBNP levels in minor CHF were also higher in patients with AF than that in patients with SR [(3.26±0.40) ng/L vs (2.98±0.54) ng/L, P < 0.05] ; AF, LAD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and left vontric-ular eject fraction (LVEF) were the independent factors of NT-proBNP levels (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference of NT-proBNP levels between patients with AF and patients with SR [(3.59±0.52) ng/L vs (3.56±0.55) ng/L,P =0.73] ; while age and LVEF were in-dependent factors (P < 0.05). In patients with LVEF < 0.40, AF had not significant affect on NT-proBNP lev-els [AF vs SR: (3.70±0.60) ng/L vs (3.46±0.56) ng/L,P >0.10]; however,AF patients with LVEF≥ 0.40, NT-proBNP levels were increased [AF vs SR: (3.08 ±0.57) ng/L vs (2.67±0.73) ng/L, P < 0.001]. Conclusion The effect of AF on plasma NT-proBNP was related with cardiac functions: in AF pa-tients without or with minor cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅰ /Ⅱ class or LVEF≥0.40) ,NT-proBNP increased; in AF patients with sever cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class or LVEF < 0.40), NT-proBNP had no sig-nificant changes.     

心电远程监测起搏器电极断裂致起搏功能障碍一例

随着起搏器功能的日益增多,植入起搏器作为治疗缓慢性心律失常的重要技术手段,已经挽救了数以万计患者的生命,但是在起搏器植入的过程中、植入术后仍存在一些并发症。本文通过心脏远程监测,详细记录了患者起搏器电极断裂的发现、处理过程,探讨了起搏器植入患者常遇到的问题及应对策略。     

实时超声监测在建立经皮肾镜皮肤肾盂通道中的应用

目的评价实时超声监测在建立经皮肾镜皮肤肾盂通道中的临床应用价值。方法 346例患者接受经皮肾镜手术,在超声实时监测下建立皮肤肾盂通道,观察其效果。结果所有患者均成功建立经皮肾盂通道,未出现严重并发症。结论采用超声引导经皮肾镜穿刺定位准确,建立皮肤肾盂通道安全、可行、有效。     

心脏再同步治疗在心功能不良伴心房颤动患者中的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨心房颤动（房颤）患者经过房室结消融后心脏再同步治疗(CRT)的临床疗效。方法 将80例在本院接受CRT的心功能不良患者按术前心律分为两组：房颤组（15例）、窦性心律组(65例),房颤组患者在CRT治疗同时行房室结消融。房室结消融和CRT术前收集患者基本信息如年龄、性别、心功能（NYHA分级）、病程、糖尿病和高...     

心房颤动对不同心功能分级的患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

Objective To assess the effect of atrial fibriUation (AF) on plasma levels of NT-proBNP in patients with different cardiac functions. Methods One hundred and ninty-one patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were divided into two groups: minor CHF group (NYHA Ⅰ/Ⅱ class) and sever CHF group (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class). In addition,84 patients without HF (non-HF group) were enrolled as control The plas-ma NT-proBNP were assayed and the effect of AF on the NT-proBNP levels was analyzed to determine inde-pendent of NT-proBNP levels in 3 groups. Results Patients with AF in non-HF had higher NT-proBNP levels than those with sinus rhythm (SR) [(2.95 ±0.41) vs (2.21±0.44) ng/L, P < 0.01], and multi-variables regression demonstrated that age, AF and left atrial diameter (LAD) were independent determinants of NT-proBNP levels (P <0.001). NT-proBNP levels in minor CHF were also higher in patients with AF than that in patients with SR [(3.26±0.40) ng/L vs (2.98±0.54) ng/L, P < 0.05] ; AF, LAD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and left vontric-ular eject fraction (LVEF) were the independent factors of NT-proBNP levels (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference of NT-proBNP levels between patients with AF and patients with SR [(3.59±0.52) ng/L vs (3.56±0.55) ng/L,P =0.73] ; while age and LVEF were in-dependent factors (P < 0.05). In patients with LVEF < 0.40, AF had not significant affect on NT-proBNP lev-els [AF vs SR: (3.70±0.60) ng/L vs (3.46±0.56) ng/L,P >0.10]; however,AF patients with LVEF≥ 0.40, NT-proBNP levels were increased [AF vs SR: (3.08 ±0.57) ng/L vs (2.67±0.73) ng/L, P < 0.001]. Conclusion The effect of AF on plasma NT-proBNP was related with cardiac functions: in AF pa-tients without or with minor cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅰ /Ⅱ class or LVEF≥0.40) ,NT-proBNP increased; in AF patients with sever cardiac dysfunction (NYHA Ⅲ/Ⅳ class or LVEF < 0.40), NT-proBNP had no sig-nificant changes.     

右室流出道与右室心尖部起搏对心脏收缩功能和左室重构的影响

目的评价右室流出道(RVOT)和右室心尖部(RVA)起搏对心脏收缩同步性、收缩功能和左室重构的影响。方法82例高度或III度房室传导阻滞患者随机分为RVOT起搏组(A组,n=43)和RVA起搏组(B组,n=39),以术前左室12节段达峰时间标准差(Ts-SD)是否>32.6ms对两组患者进行亚组分组,Ts-SD>32.6ms者为A1亚组与B1亚组,Ts-SD≤32.6ms为A2亚组与B2亚组。于术前及术后6个月分别进行超声心动图检查,测量舒张末左室容积(LVEDV)、收缩末左室容积(LVESV)、左室射血分数(LVEF),并采集组织多普勒图像(TDI)进行脱机分析,测量主动脉瓣射血前时间(APET)、肺动脉瓣射血前时间(PPET)、左室12节段收缩达峰时间(Ts),计算室间电机械延迟(IVMD)和Ts-SD。结果术后6个月,两组的IVMD均较术前增加;两组Ts-SD与术前比无差异。亚组分析表明术前同步性好的A2、B2亚组术后Ts-SD升高;术前同步性差的A1亚组术后Ts-SD降低。术后6个月两组LVEDV、LVESV及LVEF与术前比较均无差异,组间比较亦无差异。结论RVOT和RVA起搏短期内对左室收缩功能及左室重构均无影响,术前收缩不同步者可从RVOT起搏中获益。     

十二导联远程监测紊乱性房性心动过速1例

紊乱性房性心动过速（chaotic atrial tachycardia,CAT）又称多源性房性心动过速（multifocal atrial tachycardia,MAT）,是一种少见的独特的房性心律失常。其诊断标准为：在同一导联心电图上有三种或三种以上形态不同的P波;心房内缺如单一而持续的主要起搏点（据此可与正常窦性心律伴多发性或多源性房性过早搏动相区别）;     

实时三维超声和斑点追踪显像预测心脏再同步化治疗疗效的实验和临床研究

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)和斑点追踪显像(STI)评价左心室同步性,以探索检测心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT)疗效的有效方法。方法 动物实验对象为21条比格犬,随机分为A组(CRT组,10条),B组（心衰组,7条）和C组（对照组,4条）三组,临床研究对象为70例完成CRT术前及术后6个月随访的患者。以左室收缩末容积(LVESV)缩小15％为CRT治疗有效。评价同步性的超声参数包括RT-3DE评价左室16节段达最小收缩容积时间的标准差及其与心动周期的比值(Tmsv-16SD,SDI),STI评价犬左室乳头肌水平6节段QRS波起点至径向应变和圆周应变达峰时间的标准差与心动周期的比值(Trs-6SD、Tcs-6SD)。结果 动物实验的Tmsv-16SD、Trs-6SD、Tcs-6SD与左室射血分数(LVEF)呈负相关（r分别为-0.86、-0.75、-0.83,P均＜0.01）,Trs-6SD对CRT疗效最有预测价值,当Trs-6SD≥12.2％时,预测CRT有效的敏感性和特异性分别为83.3％和100％。临床研究显示,SDI最有预测价值,当其临界值为6.55％时,预测CRT有效的敏感性为80.0％,特异性为81.8％。结论 RT-3DE和STI能有效评价左室内不同步,有望成为预测CRT疗效的有效方法。     

发热伴反复短暂意识丧失

代谢性心肌病在临床中较少见,尤其是其中的PRKAG2心脏综合征。它是常染色体显性遗传疾病,青春期后发病为主;PRKAG2基因突变引起腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)降低,糖原的异常积聚,临床表现以心肌肥