电子线照射对小鼠胰岛素生长因子相关蛋白表达的影响

目的：探讨电子线对胰岛素生长因子-1家族蛋白表达的影响，为研究辐射对肝脏的早期损伤提供依据。方法：采用电子线照射小鼠，照射剂量为1、2、4 Gy，用Western blot法检测照射后12、48和72 h小鼠肝脏中胰岛素生长因子1受体（IGF-1R）、胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白1（IGFBP1）、胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白4（IGFBP4）和胰岛素生长因子1（IGF-1）蛋白表达水平的改变。结果：照射剂量为1 Gy时，与对照组相比，IGF-1蛋白在照射后48 h时表达增加，IGFBP1、IGFBP4和IGF1R蛋白的表达在照射后12、48和72 h均表达减少。照射剂量为2 Gy时，IGF-1和IGFBP4蛋白在照射后48 h时表达增加，其余时间点表达减少。IGFBP1蛋白在照射后12 h时表达增加，48和72 h时表达减少。IGF1R蛋白在照射后3个时间点均呈现为表达减少。照射剂量4 Gy时，肝脏中IGF-1、IGFBP1和IGFBP4蛋白均表达减少，IGF1R蛋白在照射后12 h时表达增加，48、72 h时均表达减少（均为P < 0.05）。结论：电子线照射后小鼠肝脏中胰岛素生长因子-1家族蛋白多以下调表达为主，与前期基因表达的结果相一致，有可能作为反映放射性工作人员早期肝脏损伤的生物标志物之一。     

结核多肽壳聚糖纳米粒的制备及表征

采用离子交联法制备壳聚糖纳米粒(CS-NPs)载体,并以粒径和多分散系数(PDI)为主要评价指标优化了工艺参数。通过文献检索,筛选出结核分枝杆菌复合群(Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex,MTC)标准强菌株H37Rv的保护性抗原蛋白Rv0180c(GLDKNKFDIRVVSPDEARRLY),经异硫氰荧光素(FITC)标记后载入优化的空白CS-NPs中,获得结核多肽壳聚糖纳米粒(Pep-CS-NPs)。所得空白CS-NPs的平均粒径、PDI和ζ电位分别为(148.13±2.24)nm、0.197±0.013和(+18.00±0.89)mV;4℃放置28 d,粒径未见显著增大。Pep-CS-NPs的平均粒径、PDI和ζ电位分别为(186.93±8.80)nm、0.254±0.014和(+12.07±1.68)mV,包封率和载药量为(45.20±2.95)%和(12.92±1.12)%。体外释放结果表明,Pep-CS-NPs缓慢释放多肽,48 h累积释放率为56.6%。本试验表明,离子交联法制备载多肽CS-NPs的工艺简便稳定、条件温和,所得制品粒径大小适宜、分布均匀,且具有明显缓释作用,有望作为治疗结核病的新型疫苗。     

不同低氧水平暴露对大鼠空间学习记忆、探究能力的影响

目的:观察不同低氧水平暴露对大鼠空间学习记忆、自主探究行为和焦虑情绪的影响。方法:将80只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为11%和15%氧浓度组,每组均包括对照组(C11、C15)、4 h组(4H11、4H15)、8 h组(8H11、8H15)和12 h组(12H11、12H15),每组10只。C11和C15组大鼠在常氧条件下饲养7 d,其余各组大鼠接受低氧暴露,持续7 d,结束后分别检测大鼠的空间学习记忆、自主探究行为和焦虑情绪的行为学表现。结果:(1)低氧对大鼠空间学习记忆的影响,与C15相比,8H15大鼠第1 d逃避潜伏期显著延长(P0.05),其第1 d与第2 d、第1 d与第3 d逃避潜伏期的差值显著增加(P0.05)。(2)低氧对大鼠自主探究行为和焦虑情绪的影响,与C15相比,4H15大鼠在总运动距离、跨格数、站立次数和进入开放区域次数方面明显减少(P0.05),12H15大鼠在跨格数、进入开放区域次数和开放区域时间方面均显著降低(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:11%和15%氧浓度每天分别暴露8 h、4 h、12 h均会减少大鼠的自主探究行为,增加焦虑情绪。     

Preparation,characterization and evaluation of multi-component-loaded liposomes containing Tat-TOS,phospholipase D inhibitor and doxorubicin

In the present study, we aimed to co-load the α-TOS conjugate Tat-TOS with the phospholipase D inhibitor FIPI and the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) in a liposome delivery system for antitumor metastasis. Firstly, Tat-TOS was synthesized by solid-phase synthesis, and its structure was confirmed. The ability of free and liposomal Tat-TOS to induce apoptosis in vitro was evaluated by flow cytometry. Biodistribution of Tat-TOS-loaded liposomes was investigated by a molecular imaging system. Multi-component-loaded liposomes modified with Tat-TOS containing FIPI and DOX was prepared by thin film dispersion method in combination with pH gradient method and post-insertion method. Physicochemical properties were determined, and the in vitro uptake ability of the formulations was evaluated. The results showed that the prepared liposomes were characterized by a uniform particle size distribution and small particle size. The encapsulation efficiency of FIPI and DOX exceeded 85%. Both free and liposomal Tat-TOS significantly improved the activity of inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. The liposomes modified with Tat-TOS were apparently accumulated in normal lung tissue and tumor metastasized lung. Multi-component-loaded liposomes exhibited the strongest cell uptake capacity, suggesting a stronger anti-metastatic effect and anti-tumor activity in vivo.     

卒中后运动神经反馈康复训练研究进展与前景

脑卒中(stroke)是脑区突发血管病变引起局部功能障碍的综合病症,亦是全世界第一致残类恶性神经系统疾病。运动康复训练对卒中后的功能恢复起十分重要作用,其关键在于通过肢体运动,诱发促进脑区受害神经组织产生可塑性改变,以实现运动功能的改善和恢复。但传统的被动重复训练无法调动患者的参与度和积极性,严重影响康复效果。近年来兴起基于运动想象脑-机接口(MI-BCI)的运动神经反馈康复训练模式,可由患者的主观运动意图内源性地驱动相应脑区神经来产生可塑性变化,通过大脑神经功能重组来促进肢体运动康复。评述本体感觉、视觉反馈等不同运动神经反馈模式在卒中康复训练中的应用研究进展,讨论目前MI-BCI神经反馈康复训练系统存在问题及解决对策,并预期未来的发展前景。     

青州地区怀孕妇女骨密度调查及分析

目的 调查孕妇群体骨质疏松症和骨量减少的发病情况。方法 对所有2014年3月7日到2014年6月1日期间来医院进行孕期检查的孕妇均进行超声骨密度测定,并以Z-score作为评价指标,计算总体均值;然后统计Z-score≤-1者及Z- score≤2. 0者人数,计算其占总受检人群的比重,再然后按年龄分组统计均值并比较。结果 总平均Z-score为-0. 5558± 1. 01204,Z-score≤- 1者,共435人,占总检测人数的37. 28% ;Z-score≤2. 0者共68人,占总检测人数的5. 83%。由各组的均值比较可以看到,伴随着年龄增加,孕妇的Z-score均值有上升的趋势,各组之间的Z-score均值相互之间差异具有明显统计学 意义,P <0.001。结论 受检孕妇的平均骨量处于正常范围,但还是明显低于同种族、同年龄、同性别的平均水平。其中骨量减少者占到了总检测人数的37. 28%,符合骨质疏松症诊断标准者为总检测人数的5. 83%,中国孕妇的骨量不容乐观。各年龄组之间差异较大,伴随着年龄增加,孕妇的Z-score均值有上升的趋势。     

Outcome analysis for prediction of intraaortic balloon pump support failure and long-term survival in high-risk patients undergoing mitral valve surgery

The outcome predictors of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in patients who undergo mitral valve surgery remain unknown. This study aimed to retrospectively review valvular surgery in patients who received an IABP to identify the predictors of failure of IABP support and anticipate the necessary therapy. This retrospective observational study recruited a total of 157 consecutive patients who underwent open-heart mitral valve surgery with IABP implantation intraoperatively or postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors attributed to 30-day mortality. Follow-up data of survivors were collected to investigate the effect of IABP support to evaluate long-term outcomes. The overall 30-day mortality was 35.7% (56 patients). The following factors that contributed to 30-day mortality included sepsis (P < .001, OR: 5.627, 95%CI: 2.422-11.683); IABP implantation postoperatively rather than intraoperatively (P = .001, OR: 6.395, 95%CI: 2.085-19.511); right heart failure (P = .042, OR: 3.419, 95%CI: 1.225-12.257); and lack of subvalvular apparatus preservation (P = .033, OR: 3.710, 95%CI: 1.094-13.167). Furthermore, follow-up data of these patients showed an estimation of 5-year and 10-year survival rates of 58.9% and 35.7%, respectively. Patients with intraoperative IABP demonstrated better long-term survival outcomes when compared to those with postoperative IABP (χ² = 4.291, P = .038). In summary, this study distinguished the preoperative predictors of 30-day mortality of IABP-support in mitral valve surgery patients. These results indicated that early intervention with IABP should be taken into consideration in case of hemodynamic instability in critically ill patients undergoing mitral valve surgery.     

儿童腺样体肥大与耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病关系的研究进展

腺样体肥大(AH)是小儿耳鼻咽喉科的常见病、多发病。国内外学者关于AH的病因、临床症状及治疗方式均有深入研究并达成共识,但其与耳鼻咽喉科相关疾病的关系仍未得到广泛关注和重视。研究发现,AH与小儿耳鼻咽喉科的过敏性鼻炎(AR)、急慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(ARS/CRS)、急性中耳炎、分泌性中耳炎、中耳胆脂瘤、急慢性扁桃体炎、扁桃体肥大、儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)及其他咽喉部疾病等均有密切联系。