胶质细胞源神经生长因子对脊髓损伤后细胞凋亡保护作用的实验研究

目的探讨胶质细胞源神经生长因子(GDNF)对损伤脊髓的修复作用。方法用24只SD大鼠半横断法制作脊髓损伤动物模型；随后随机分为单纯脊髓损伤组(对照组)和脊髓损伤加GDNF组(实验组),应用Hochesst法检测脊髓损伤后细胞凋亡的动态变化并计算凋亡指数；手术后应用行为学(BBB评分)观察损伤脊髓功能恢复情况。结果伤后1、2周实验组凋亡指数(10．86±0．99、14．32±1．27)较对照组(13．85±1．54、16．4l±1．28)降低(P＜0．01)；伤后6周BBB评分实验组(5．30±0．52)明显高于对照组(3．6±0．4),差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01)；伤后6周BBB评分实验组(5．30±0．52)明显高于对照组(3．60±0．41),差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01)。结论GDNF能抑制脊髓损伤后细胞凋亡,对成年大鼠损伤脊髓功能恢复有促进作用。     

切开复位内固定治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折

目的探讨骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折手术治疗方法。方法切开复位内固定治疗52例骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折。前骨盆经Plan—nenstiel入路固定9例，Pfannenstiel入路结合部分髂腹般沟入路固定43例。37例行骨盆重建钢板固定，骨盆重建钢板固定结合耻骨上支髓内螺钉固定9例，6例2块骨盆重建钢板固定。后环37例经患侧髂嵴入路以骨盆重建钢板固定。8例骶骨骨折行骶髂关节螺钉固定。7例未行后骨盆固定。结果平均随访18个月。全部骨性愈合，无下肢不等长，骨盆畸形基本纠正。按Majeed疗效评定标准优良率为93．8％。结论通过前后联合入路，切开复位治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折疗效满意，并可防止远近期并发症的发生。     

三氧化二砷抑制肝癌细胞RhoC基因表达对其侵袭转移行为的影响

目的 观察三氧化二砷(As2O3)抑制肝癌HepG2细胞侵袭转移的作用及对转移相关基因BhoC表达的影响.方法 分别采用AnnexinV/PI双染色流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法、TransweU法检测As2O3对HepG2细胞黏附、迁移、侵袭能力的影响.采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)及Western blot法检测AS2O3作用后HepG2细胞中RhoC基因表达的变化.结果 As2O3作用后HepG2细胞的早期凋亡细胞明显增多(P＜0.05),黏附、迁移及侵袭穿膜细胞数较对照明显减少(P＜0.01).As2O3作用4、6.8d后RhoC基因表达水平下降(P＜0.05).结论 As2O3可通过下调RhoC基因的表达及诱导细胞凋亡而抑制肝癌细胞的侵袭转移.     

Komoto综合征的矫治体会

Komoto综合征是以先天性上睑下垂、小睑裂、逆向内眦赘皮和内眦间距增宽为主要表现的临床综合征，是常染色体显性遗传。传统的方法是先行内眦赘皮矫正术及外眦成形术，3个月后矫正上睑下垂。王太玲等经过对墨氏法的改良，使部分病例与矫正上睑下垂同期完成。自1997年始，我们采用横切“V”形缝合法矫正内眦赘皮并充分松解、开大外眦部,使上睑无张力，并在此基础上采用额肌悬吊使上睑下垂同期矫正。现报道如下。     

Effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on motor function and expressions of CD11b/CD18 and tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on the motor function and expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 in the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and monocytes and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods A total of 165 ACI patients were randomly divided into control group (group A, n=50), conventional rehabilitation group (group B, n=50) and comprehensive rehabilitation group (group C, n=65). The expressions of CD11b and CD18 in the PMN and monocytes and serum TNF-α levels were determined before and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the treatment. Thirty-two healthy subjects were also recruited as the normal control group (group N). The neurological function of the subjects was evaluated by modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale (MESSS) and Fugi-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and their activity of daily living (ADL) was assessed using Barthel index (BI). Results The CD11b/CD18 expression in the PMN and MN and serum TNF-α level in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than those in group N before and 1 week after the treatment (P<0.05). CD11b/CD18 expression and serum TNF-α level were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A at 1 week after the treatment, and significantly lower in group C than in group B (P<0.05). At 2 weeks of treatment, CD11b/CD18 and TNF-α were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A, being the lowest in group C (P<0.05). The scores of mESSS in both groups B and C were lower than that in group A, and the scores were lower in group C than in group B. Group C showed higher FMA scores than group B, both having higher scores than group A. At 4 weeks of treatment, the mESSS scores were significantly lower, hut the FMA and ADL score significantly higher in groups B and C than in the control group (P<0.05), and the differences were more obvious in group C. Groups B and C had greater effective rate than group A (P<0.05), and the rate was the highest in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion Electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation promotes the recovery of motor function in ACI patients probably by regulating the expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 on the PMN and monocytes and the serum levels of TNF-α.     

临床医疗行为中告知问题的学习与思考

“告知”对医疗主体是法定责任 ,鉴于其在医疗与司法实践中的重要性 ,结合医疗主体所处的特定地位 ,本文就临床医疗行为中履行告知义务涉及的知情同意权法定内涵、告知标准、告知范围、告知主体、告知要求等问题进行探讨 ,旨在提高医疗主体对此问题的明晰认识 ,促进告知义务与知情同意的更有效履行。1　目前我国关于知情同意权的法定内涵1·1　《中华人民共和国民法通则》第 4条规定　民事活动应遵循自愿、公平、等价有偿、诚实信用原则 ;第 5 5条规定 :意思表示真实为民事法律行为应具备的条件之一。 5 8、5 9、61条规定 :一方以欺诈 ,胁迫…     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的PERG．PVEP

用自制的银氯化银钩形电极记录PERG,同步记录PVEP,对照组各波潜伏时,波幅与国外报告结果近似。中浆患眼40%P_m波下降,且与视力下降相关(r>r.05)。b波下降者仅15%,与视力不相关。两者反应的不同,提示PERG较少受外层视网膜病变的影响,能够直接反映内层视网膜的机能状态。但P_m波延迟者,b波多不延迟,未能证明视网膜内传导迟滞。     

痛力克对癌症疼痛镇痛效果的临床观察

应用印度ＬＵＰＩＮ公司提供的痛力克（酮酷酸氨丁三醇 ）对中重度癌症疼痛３０例进行镇痛效果的临床观察，有效率９３％，平均显效时间９ｍｉｎ，均数缓解时间５．１ｈ，并用哌替啶做了同期交叉自身镇痛对比研究，结果表明：两药的镇痛效果相似（Ｐ＞０．０５），但痛力克的不良反应发生率明显低于哌替啶。     

以头痛发作为特征的孤立性霉菌性蝶窦炎的诊断和治疗

【目的】探讨以头痛为特征的霉菌性鼻窭炎的临床特征、诊断和治疗。【方法】总结2000年1月至2006年1月收治的7例霉菌性蝶窭炎的临床资料。【结果】7例均以头痛为主要症状，为单蝶窦发病．6例伴有明显鼻中隔畸形，术前检查夏手术中均发现蝶窭口阻塞夏窭腔内充满霉茼茼落，经手术治疗全部治愈。【结论】孤立性蝶窭炎多为霉菌感染所致。单侧蝶窭发病，头痛为其主要症状，CT度MRI是其重要诊断方法，手术是彻底根治霉菌性蝶窭炎的主要途径。     

黄芪注射液对急性脑梗死CD3/HLA-DR及CD3/CD16+56的影响

细胞免疫介导的炎症反应与急性脑梗死(ACI)缺血一再灌流过程中神经元损伤、变性、程序性凋亡密切相关。黄芪具有抗菌消炎、抑制血小板凝集、增强机体耐氧、免疫调节等作用，但对ACI免疫损伤保护的研究较少。我们观察了黄芪注射液(AI)对ACI患者外周血淋巴细胞CD3／HLA-DR与CD3／CD16 56表达的影响，现报告如下。