钛微合金中锰钢强韧化机制研究

低碳中锰钢因为其优异的力学性能及低成本的成分设计逐渐被应用到海洋平台用厚板生产制备中，通过对钛微合金化低碳中锰钢进行控轧控冷工业试验，观察不同厚度位置的显微组织及析出物形貌，测定了室温拉伸及低温冲击韧性，并对其强韧化机制进行了分析。结果表明，试验钢基体为板条宽度200～400nm的回火马氏体和宽度为50～100nm的逆? 浒率咸甯春喜阕醋橹胰穸确较蜃橹阅芫刃越虾茫慷染笥?60MPa、屈强比均小于等于0. 88、伸长率均大于20%、-60℃冲击功均大于200J。试验钢的主要强韧化机制有亚微米尺度的复合层状组织、大角度晶界韧化机制、亚稳态逆? 浒率咸錞RIP效应、Ti（C，N）粒子的细晶强化及析出强化效应，多种强化机制叠加作用，最终获得高强韧的中锰钢厚板。     

Ms以下温度等温淬火对中碳贝氏体钢相变和性能影响

摘要：设计了马氏体起始相变温度（Ms）以上和以下2个不同温度等温淬火试验，结合热膨胀仪、扫描电镜显微组织、X光衍射和拉伸试验等试验手段，研究了对比于Ms以上温度等温淬火试验，Ms以下等温淬火对中碳贝氏体钢相变、组织和性能的影响。结果表明，贝氏体相变可以发生在Ms温度以下，且其相变动力学被明显促进。相比于Ms以上温度等温淬火，Ms温度以下等温淬火虽然可以加速相变动力学，但导致强度和伸长率下降，因此降低了最终的力学性能。这主要是因为Ms温度以下等温淬火试样组织内部出现了大量的回火无热马氏体（AM）和少量的贝氏体和残余奥氏体（RA）。因此，Ms温度以下等温淬火热处理后的组织性能未必优于Ms温度以上等温处理后组织性能，这主要取决于具体的成分和工艺。     

激光刻痕对取向电工钢磁畴和铁损的影响

为了研究激光刻痕工艺参数对取向电工钢表面的磁畴形貌、刻痕线宽度和铁损的影响规律，开展了激光刻痕工艺试验。结果表明，激光刻痕后取向电工钢表面的磁畴宽度明显细化，且随着输入电流的增加，磁畴宽度先减小后增大；刻痕线宽度随着输入电流的增加而增大。对于本次试验样品，通过对比分析，确定最佳激光刻痕工艺参数为电流为 12 A，激光频率为 5 kHz，刻痕速度为 800 mm/s，该参数下铁损改善率可达 11.81%。     

轧制速度对AZ31镁合金管材冷轧成形的影响

轧制速度是三辊式冷轧成形过程中关键的工艺参数，决定其力学特征及温升情况。基于此，本文以冷轧AZ31镁合金管材为研究对象，通过全流程数值仿真计算，对比分析不同轧制速度在各特征变形段对等效应力、等效塑性应变及节点温度的影响规律。结果表明，等效应力、等效塑性应变及节点温度均随轧制速度的增大而增大。通过元胞自动机模型及实验等手段，探明了晶粒在轧制过程中产生连续再结晶并细化的初步组织演变规律；对比分析实验与模拟结果并结合多方面因素，得到800mm/s的轧制速度可以更好的满足工艺要求的结果，为冷轧镁合金管材轧制速度的选择提供依据。     

HT9钢的高温蠕变性能研究

??The tensile creep of HT9 steel was measured at 700 and 800?? with different stress levels. Stress exponent was fitted by power law relation. Rupture time vs. minimum creep rate of HT9 steel was fitted by M- G relationship and modified M- G relationship. The fracture morphology after creeping and the creep mechanism and damage mechanism were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X- ray diffraction. The results showed that the minimum creep rate and creep rupture time of HT9 steel obeyed a linear relationship with the stress in double logarithmic coordinates, which could be described by M- G and modified M- G relationship. The stress exponent increased with the temperature. The dislocations bypassed the second phase particles during the creep process according to the Orowan mechanism. The fracture had a distinct dimple structure, and some of the second phase particles coarsened. The oxidation of HT9 steel was obvious during the creep at 800??. The main precipitates were M23C6 during the creep, which showed different forms, with significant differences in the size of the precipitated phases. The damage mechanism of HT9 steel included external cross- sectional area loss, material microstructure degradation, environmental damage, etc. There may also be internal sectional area loss.     

三套管式相变蓄热器分形肋片设计及(火积)耗散分析

通过数值模拟的方法,根据分形原理设计了三套管式相变蓄热器的肋片并分析其蓄、放热特性,运用(火积)耗散原理对其蓄、放热过程进行分析。结果表明:相比其他结构的相变蓄热器,安装分形肋片的相变蓄热器可使蓄、放热时间缩短,效率提高;模型2(T形分形模型)和模型3(Y形分形模型)比模型1(直肋模型)的蓄热时间分别缩短了35.64%和33%,放热时间分别缩短了47.65%和43.4%;模型2和模型3相比模型5(2倍填充直肋模型)所需蓄、放热时间基本接近,说明分形设计只需较低的金属填充量便可达到很好的蓄、放热效果;安装分形肋片的相变蓄热器在蓄、放热过程中(火积)耗散率(或其绝对值)下降更快,可逆性更好,换热效率更高。     

屈服强度1100 MPa级超高强钢热处理组织及性能

摘要：随着工程机械向大型化轻量化方向发展，超高强钢的市场需求越来越大且综合性能要求越来越严格。结合5000mm宽厚板生产线及热处理装备，研究淬火过程中淬火温度对屈服强度1100MPa级超高强度钢组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明，淬火温度决定了合金元素的溶解和分布状态、原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸，影响试验钢的综合力学性能。不同淬火温度下，基本微观组织为板条马氏体。随着淬火温度的升高，原奥氏体晶粒尺寸增大；当淬火温度由840℃升高至990℃时，原奥氏体晶粒平均尺寸由9.0μm增加到22.5μm。采用900～930℃淬火及350℃回火的热处理工艺，试验钢可获得最佳的强韧性匹配，此时屈服强度为1125～1155MPa、抗拉强度为1306～1335MPa、断后伸长率为12.5%～14.0%，布氏硬度为415～419，－40℃冲击功为80～100J，抗拉强度与布氏硬度比值范围在3.10～3.20之间，满足标准GB/T 28909—2012对Q1100E的要求。     

Fermentation dynamics of Lactobacillus helveticus H9 revealed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Lactobacillus (L.) helveticus H9 is a probiotic strain that can produce antihypertensive peptides during milk fermentation. This study analysed the dynamics of skim milk fermentation by L. helveticus H9 by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q‐TOF MS). A total of 1992 metabolites were detected from all of the fermented samples in the LC‐MS analysis by multivariate statistical analysis. Metabolites with variable importance in projection (VIP) values ≥2 were considered differentially abundant among samples and were responsible for the unique taste and nutritional and functional qualities of fermented milk. Valine, threonine, l ‐methionine, tyrosine, asparagine and leucine were the predominant amino acids produced during fermentation, and their quantities changed remarkably during the fermentation process. Citric acid and uric acid were the major, and only detectable, organic acids. Some intermediate metabolites, such as N‐acryloylglycine and nicotinamide‐N‐oxide, were also detected. Moreover, certain oligopeptides such as Val‐Leu, Lys‐Gly, Ala‐Glu, Asp‐Ser, Leu‐Pro and Val‐Phe‐Ala were not detected until the middle and late fermentation periods. This study demonstrated dynamic metabolic changes, providing a strong foundation for deciphering the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the fermentation process.     

SnO2纳米颗粒对Sn0.6Cu钎料微观组织及界面金属间化合物的影响

本文利用超声波辅助法制备了SnO2纳米颗粒增强Sn0.6Cu钎料。研究了SnO2对钎料的微观组织、熔化性能的影响，以及Cu/Sn0.6Cu-XSnO2/Cu钎焊接头界面反应产物的变化，测量了金属间化合物层的厚度和晶粒尺寸。结果表明：1.0wt.% SnO2很好的抑制了钎料中β-Sn的长大，细化了晶粒尺寸；含SnO2钎料的熔点与不含SnO2钎料熔点基本相同，但熔程明显减小；钎料熔炼过程中施加超声波可以细化晶粒，制得的钎料熔点和液相线温度也低于普通熔炼钎料。用含SnO2钎料钎焊接头界面处的IMC层更薄且晶粒尺寸更小，主要是因为SnO2纳米颗粒吸附在界面金属间化合物的晶面处阻碍铜板与钎料基体之间的相互扩散，导致IMC的形成驱动力较低，从而抑制了界面化合物的生长。     

熔炼时间对稀土单晶合金坩埚界面反应的影响

为了实现稀土单晶高温合金中稀土含量的稳定控制,明确稀土元素在熔炼过程中参与的坩埚界面反应机理,研究了熔炼时间对含Y高温合金CMSX-4与Al2O3陶瓷坩埚在真空感应熔炼过程中的界面反应和稀土Y收得率的影响。实验结果表明：随着熔炼时间的延长界面反应加剧,熔炼过程中Y首先与Al2O3陶瓷基体发生反应生成Y2O3,生成的Y2O3会继续与Al2O3发生反应生成Y、Al原子比不同的铝酸钇反应层,最终坩埚表面形成的界面反应产物由外层的YAlO3、内层的Y3Al5O12(Y3Al2(AlO4)3) 以及附着的高温合金组成。熔炼10~30min时合金中稀土Y收得量为41.023、4.566和5.368ppm。