Identification,Phylogeny, and Comparative Expression of the Lipoxygenase Gene Family of the Aquatic Duckweed,Spirodela polyrhiza,during Growth and in Response to Methyl Jasmonate and Salt

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) (EC 1.13.11.12) catalyze the oxygenation of fatty acids and produce oxylipins, including the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester, methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Little information is available about the LOX gene family in aquatic plants. We identified a novel LOX gene family comprising nine LOX genes in the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza (greater duckweed). The reduced anatomy of S. polyrhiza did not lead to a reduction in LOX family genes. The 13-LOX subfamily, with seven genes, predominates, while the 9-LOX subfamily is reduced to two genes, an opposite trend from known LOX families of other plant species. As the 13-LOX subfamily is associated with the synthesis of JA/MeJA, its predominance in the Spirodela genome raises the possibility of a higher requirement for the hormone in the aquatic plant. JA-/MeJA-based feedback regulation during culture aging as well as the induction of LOX gene family members within 6 h of salt exposure are demonstrated.     

VLC Enabled Hybrid Wireless Network for B5G/6G Communications

Wireless Personal Communications - In the present scenario, there is a boom in the demand of the users to achieve increased capacity, high data, low latency, and high-performance rates. 5G New...     

Correlation between lattice strain and magnetic properties enhancement of nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite with controlled annealing

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Spinel cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) has been prepared using the citrate precursor sol–gel method. The synthesized samples have been...     

Facile synthesis,characterization, and ab-initio DFT simulations of energy efficient NN′ dialkyl 1,4 benzene dicarboxamide monomers recovered from PET bottle waste

Aminolytic chemical recycling is performed for obtaining NN′ diethyl 1,4 benzene dicarboxamide, NN′ dibutyl 1,4 benzene dicarboxamide, and NN′ dihexyl 1,4 benzene dicarboxamide from Polyethylene terephthalate bottle waste. The compounds were characterized through Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Thermal properties were also analyzed with the help of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Density Functional Theory (DFT) study has been performed at GGA-BLYP (Becke's and Lee–Yang–Parr) functional using SZ basis set to investigate the vibrational frequencies and physical parameters. Experimental vibrational frequencies were found in good accord with the experimental values. Calorific values of the products have been determined using bomb calorimeter as per standard ASTM D240. The values have been correlated with increment of methylene units from NN′ diethyl BdCA to NN′ dihexyl BdCA using standard molar enthalpies of carbon and hydrogen. SEM and EDX analysis of the char residues after combustion has also been carried out to insight the effect of N-alkyl chain length on calorific values. The calorific values of the recovered compounds are comparable to commercial solid fuels and the compounds may find potential applications in aerospace industry.     

Single-step synthesis of N-doped TiO2 by flame aerosol method and the effect of synthesis parameters

We have established a novel route for the synthesis of N-doped TiO₂ by adopting flame aerosol (FSP) technique and investigated the effect of water content on the physico-chemical properties of the as-synthesized nanoparticles. The key characteristics of the developed method are to modify the precursor solution in order to incorporate nitrogen atoms into the TiO₂ lattice without altering the FSP set-up. The reduction of the flame enthalpy resulting in N-incorporation into the TiO₂ and the N-doping can be greatly enhanced further by the addition of secondary N-source (urea). Our XRD results reveal a shift of the (101) plane anatase diffraction peak to lower angles in our N-doped TiO₂ compared to undoped TiO_2, which suggest the distortion and strain in the crystal lattice prompted by the incorporation of the nitrogen atoms. The growth or expansion of crystal lattice can be attributed to the larger atomic radius of respective nitrogen atoms (r?=?1.7 Å) compared to oxygen (r?=?1.40 Å). Our XPS and EDX spectroscopy results elucidate that the nitrogen was effectively doped into the crystal lattice of TiO₂ in our as-synthesized N-TiO₂ catalysts predominantly in the form of interstitial nitrogen (Ti?O?N). The nitrogen atoms incorporation into the crystal lattice of titania modifies the electronic band structure of TiO₂, resulting in a new mid-gap energy state N 2p band formed above O 2p valence band. This occurrence narrows the band gap of TiO₂ (from 3.12 to ～2.51?eV) in our N-doped TiO₂ and shifts the optical absorption to the visible region.

Copyright © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research     

Numerical and sensitivity analysis of MHD bioconvective slip flow of nanomaterial with binary chemical reaction and Newtonian heating

The impact of Stefan blowing on the MHD bioconvective slip flow of a nanofluid towards a sheet is explored using numerical and statistical tools. The governing partial differential equations are nondimensionalized and converted to similarity equations using apposite transformations. These transformed equations are solved using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with the shooting technique. Graphical visualizations are used to scrutinize the effect of the controlling parameters on the flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt, and Sherwood number. Moreover, the sensitivities of the reduced Sherwood and Nusselt number to the input variables of interest are explored by adopting the response surface methodology. The outcomes of the limiting cases are emphatically in corroboration with the outcomes from preceding research. It is found that the heat transfer rate has a positive sensitivity towards the haphazard motion of the nanoparticles and a negative sensitivity towards the thermomigration. The thermal field is enhanced by the Stefan blowing aspect. Moreover, the fluid velocity can be controlled by the applied magnetic field.     

Experimental investigation of dryout phenomena under oscillatory flow conditions

In water-cooled nuclear reactors, the maximum power which can be extracted from the core is limited by critical heat flux (CHF). CHF in the high-quality region is known as dryout. In advanced nuclear reactors, the coolant flow occurs solely by virtue of natural circulation; however, instabilities may occur during off-normal operations. This may lead to premature dryout due to lower coolant flow rates seen by the heater during such oscillations. This paper describes the experimental investigation on the effect of flow oscillations on the CHF with the time period of 120 s, which is observed typically in the large-scale natural circulation system. Based on observations made with respect to temperature transient, the continuous dryout is preceded by the transient dryout for higher flow oscillations. But as flow fluctuation decreases, the transient dryout phenomenon is found to disappear. The applicability of the look-up table to predict CHF under oscillatory flow conditions using suitable correction factors (CFs) for premature dryout has been evaluated. CFs for the CHF under oscillations suggested by previous authors have been compared. The maximum possible degradation in CHF value suggested by previous authors has been found to agree with the present experimental data. Percentage fluctuation in heat transfer coefficient (HTC) at fully developed annular flow conditions has been evaluated, and it is found that fluctuation in HTC is in phase with the fluctuation in flow.