Concept and salient design features of a high-temperature nuclear reactor with solid coolant

The salient features of using a solid substance to cool the core of a nuclear reactor and the associated advantages and limitations are examined. Conceptual proposals concerning the core design and the arrangement of the in-reactor space of a high-temperature nuclear reactor with a solid coolant are presented. Evaluated data and some results for a model reactor are presented. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp. 156–161, September, 2007.     

Nonlocality as well as rejection of realism are only sufficient (but non-necessary!) conditions for violation of Bell’s inequality

In this review we remind the viewpoint that violation of Bell’s inequality might be interpreted not only as an evidence of the alternative - either nonlocality or “death of reality” (under the assumption the quantum mechanics is incomplete). Violation of Bell’s type inequalities is a well known sufficient condition of probabilistic incompatibility of random variables - impossibility to realize them on a single probability space. Thus, in fact, we should take into account an additional interpretation of violation of Bell’s inequality - a few pairs of random variables (two-dimensional vector variables) involved in the EPR-Bohm experiment are incompatible. They could not be realized on a single Kolmogorov probability space. Thus, one can choose between: (a) completeness of quantum mechanics; (b) nonlocality; (c) “ death of reality”; (d) non-Kolmogorovness. In any event, violation of Bell’s inequality has a variety of possible interpretations. Hence, it could not be used to obtain the definite conclusion on the relation between quantum and classical models.     

Energy Levels of “Hydrogen Atom” in Discrete Time Dynamics

We analyze dynamical consequences of a conjecture that there exists a fundamental (indivisible) quant of time. In particular we study the problem of discrete energy levels of hydrogen atom. We are able to reconstruct potential which in discrete time formalism leads to energy levels of unperturbed hydrogen atom. We also consider linear energy levels of quantum harmonic oscillator and show how they are produced in the discrete time formalism. More generally, we show that in discrete time formalism finite motion in central potential leads to discrete energy spectrum, the property which is common for quantum mechanical theory. Thus deterministic (but discrete time!) dynamics is compatible with discrete energy levels.     

Heap leaching of copper from the ores of Volkovskoe deposit

Heap leaching of oxidized, complex, and waste copper ores of the Volkovskoe deposit is considered. Based on the results of an investigation, the preliminary granulation of milled ore with sulfuric acid (25–75 kg/t ore) is recommended. Introduction of this procedure leads to a decrease in the leaching time by 15–30% and allows one to obtain solutions more concentrated by copper. For 90–100 days, the recovery of copper into the solution amounted to 65–72% for the waste ore, 76–78% for the oxidized ore, and 46–50% for the complex ore. An increase in leaching time leads to an increase in the recovery of copper from all types of ores.     

Kolmogorov Probability Spaces Describing Accardi Models of Quantum Correlations

In this paper we consider several Kolmogorov type models describing some quantum correlations. The main ideas beyond most of these models comes back to pioneering works of Accardi (see [1, 10, 15] and references therein); because of that we call some of them the Accardi models. Namely we discuss, in our frame, the Kolmogorov type Accardi model of the Aspect version [2] of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment [3].     

Human subconscious as a p-adic dynamical system

We propose a mathematical model of the process of thinking based on dynamical systems over a configuration space of ideas. These dynamical systems are assumed to be located in the human subconscious and are controlled by the human conscious which fixes parameters of the dynamical systems in the subconscious and transmits to the subconscious generating ideas which initiate iterations of the dynamical systems in the subconscious. Thus, we present the mathematical model which is not based on the rule of reason. Mathematically the space of ideas is described by so-called p-adic numbers. In fact, a p-adic metric on the space of ideas corresponds to the following nearness between ideas: two ideas x and y are close if they have sufficiently long common root. Already the simplest p-adic dynamical systems might describe some sides of human psychological and social behaviour.     

An analysis of the condition of the 6–500 kV overhead power lines of the Samara region

Technological breakdowns in the Samara electric power networks are analyzed. This enables the statistics to be generalized, reveals the extent of breakdowns and enables the effect of systematic and seasonal factors on the network to be estimated. This provides the possibility of using the results obtained to develop organizational and technical measures to eliminate and prevent the reasons for different forms of technological breakdowns with the aim of increasing the operating efficiency of the power network and its operating reliability, and to reduce the number of breakdowns in the electric power networks.     

Regularities of sulfatization of lead sulfide in the composition of the Cu-Zn-Pb concentrate

The chemical and phase compositions of the Cu-Zn-Pb concentrates of the Rubtsovsk dressing works and products of their sulfuric acid treatment in the presence of oxidant Fe₂(SO₄)₃ are investigated. It is shown that the sulfatization of natural galenite in acidified Fe(III) solutions in the initial period proceeds in the kinetic region and is further limited by diffusion. The revealed regularities of the sulfatization of galenite were confirmed when leaching a concentrate of the Rubtsovsk deposit in similar conditions. The data on the composition and yield of obtained products are presented.