基于数据拼接的金刚石刀具刃口三维形貌表征技术

原子力显微镜(AFM)是获取金刚石刀具刃口纳米级三维形貌的重要手段,但其存在测量范围小,难以表征参与切削区域整段刃口形貌特征的问题。采用基于迭代最近点法的刃口AFM测量数据拼接算法,获得了由多组数据拼接得到的刃口纳米级三维形貌,并进行了切削实验验证。实验结果表明,采用的数据拼接方法可较好地用于表征刀具刃口三维形貌。     

石墨烯改性涂层防护性能研究

为减少团聚，提高石墨烯在涂层中的分散性，研究采用纳米分散技术预先制备了石墨烯分散液，再将其分散至环氧树脂中获得石墨烯改性复合涂层。通过对石墨烯含量为 0、0.3%、0.6%的复合涂层进行盐水浸泡、盐雾、阴极剥离实验及电化学性能测试，证明石墨烯的加入显著增强了涂层的防护性能。石墨烯复合涂层在 3.5%盐水中浸泡 1 008 h后，涂层低频阻抗仍大于 106 Ω·cm²比未添加石墨烯的涂层提高了 3个数量级，且盐雾实验 6 000 h后涂层表面仍保持完好；含 0.6%石墨烯，的涂层耐蚀行为劣于石墨烯含量为 0.3%的涂层。     

拉深筋对板材变形特征和力学性能的影响研究

采用实验方法将金属板材拉过不同尺寸的拉深筋镶块，分析了拉深筋高度、圆角半径以及过筋次数对板材变形特征的影响规律，研究了过筋产生的预应变对板材后续力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：板材流过拉深筋后，流动方向上发生均匀的拉伸变形；过筋产生的预应变随着拉深筋高度增大而增大，随着圆角半径增大而减小，随着过筋次数增加而近似线性增大；预应变越大，材料后续屈服强度和抗拉强度越高，但后续延伸率越小，总延伸率随着预应变增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势。     

北方干鲜果害鼠绿色防控技术

文章介绍了北方干鲜果各种不同为害方式害鼠的相应的绿色防控技术,树根和树干害鼠中华鼢鼠、棕色田鼠宜采用银恒快速捕鼠器捕杀;果实害鼠岩松鼠、花鼠、北社鼠防治时等应采用坚果注射杀鼠剂精准灭鼠技术;果园地面害鼠大仓鼠、长尾仓鼠、黑线姬鼠等可采用TBS技术绿色防控;果实贮藏害鼠褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠采用粘鼠板消灭。各类绿色灭鼠技术可为干鲜果害鼠的防控提供参考。     

Synthesis of pH-responsive isolated soy protein/carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres for sustained pesticide release

In order to improve the utilization rate of avermectin (AVM), a complex was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly using isolated soy protein (ISP) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) for loading AVM to obtain ISP/CMCS@AVM microspheres. The encapsulation efficiency (EE), sustained release property, ultraviolet (UV) protective ability, and toxicity of the microspheres were evaluated, and the release kinetics of AVM from the microsphere at different pHs were investigated. The results demonstrated that the average particle size of ISP/CMCS@AVM was 283.95 nm, and the EE reached 88.42% for AVM after denaturation. After 70 h of exposure to UV light, the residual rate of AVM in ISP/CMCS@AVM was 78.12%, which was significantly higher than 35.18% in the AVM emulsion. Moreover, the formulation imparted pH sensitivity and sustained-release property to AVM and was consistent with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, controlled by Fick diffusion. Finally, the insecticidal toxicity of ISP/CMCS@AVM did not differ significantly from that of unmodified AVM. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48358.     

我国天然气探明未开发储量评价及发展对策建议

我国天然气探明未开发储量在全国已探明气田储量中占比超1/3，加快未开发储量的动用可促进天然气进一步上产稳产。基于我国天然气探明未开发储量的分布、特点及未动用的原因分析，建立了探明未开发储量分类评价方法、标准及流程，并进行了分类评价。我国天然气探明未开发储量以低渗透—特低渗透和碳酸盐岩非均质气藏储量为主，集中分布在四川、鄂尔多斯、塔里木盆地。未开发储量中，近期可动用储量占27.4%，难动用储量占58.4%，待核销储量占14.2%。我国难动用储量规模较大，在目前体制机制、技术经济及政策条件下无法动用，为此，从油气企业体制机制改革、管理与技术创新、国家政策等方面提出了加快我国难动用储量开发的具体举措与政策建议。     

Effects of spark plasma sintering on ferroelectricity of 0.8Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12-0.2CoFe2O4 composite ceramic

The 0.8Bi_3.15Nd_0.85Ti₃O₁₂ (BNdT)-0.2CoFe₂O₄ (CFO) composite multiferroic ceramics have been fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 850?°C. The relative density of as-sintered SPS ceramic reaches 97.4 (±0.3)%. The composites are composed of pure BNdT and CFO phases without any preferred c-orientation. The a-orientation preference is more obvious perpendicular to the pressure direction. The average grain-sizes of BNdT and CFO are 163 and 146?nm, respectively. The BNdT phase has more grains below 100?nm (～20%). The super energy-dispersive X-ray analyses suggest no serious reaction between BNdT and CFO. The Raman spectrum verifies the nano-structure of the SPS ceramic via the broadening bands and peak shifts. The Curie temperature of the SPS ceramic declines to 560?°C with stabilized dielectric loss. The grain boundary resistance plays a dominant role on impedance above 700?°C. The remanent polarization approaches to 15.2?μC/cm² (300?kV/cm) with lower coercive fields (?89/+95?kV/cm).     

Microencapsulation of camellia oil to maintain thermal and oxidative stability with focus on protective mechanism

Camellia oil (CO) microcapsules were developed using chitosan–soybean protein isolate (CS-SPI) complexes as wall materials and transglutaminase (TGase) as the cross-linking agent. Results indicated that CO/SPI under the ratio of 1:2 exhibited the highest microencapsulation efficiency and yield, possessing the best encapsulation effect. Morphology observation showed that CO microcapsules were intact, compact and nearly spherical. The microencapsulated CO exhibited the improved thermal resistance and significantly lower peroxide values after 3 days storage, demonstrating that the produced microcapsule was a promising way to maintain the thermal and oxidative stability of camellia oil. It could be found evidence from FTIR, which indicated that covalent cross-linking and hydrogen bonding might be involved among wall materials, and physical interactions between the core and wall materials. Therefore, the produced CO microcapsules could be an effective way to protect camellia oil, which was helpful for improving the processing and storage qualities of camellia oil.