Measurement Problems in Optical Monitoring Systems

A probabilistic image model is proposed. According to the model, the noise of the boundaries has the principal effect on the precision with which the dimensions of optical monitoring objects are measured. Results of theoretical and experimental investigations of measurement precision are presented. An approach to the determination of monitoring reliability and the selection of the resolution of a machine vision system based on structural requirements is formulated.     

Crisis phenomena upon evaporation in grid capillary and porous coatings and arterial structures of heat pipes

The article presents the results of experimental investigations of critical (limit) heat fluxes upon evaporation on porous coatings, and it substantiates the physical model of the process.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 607–614, October, 1985.     

Radiation-Chemical Behavior of TBP in Hydrocarbon and Chlorohydrocarbon Diluents under Conditions of Reprocessing of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Plants

Experiments were performed for comparative assessment of the effect of ionizing radiation on the service characteristics of 30% TBP solutions in various diluents: hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), mixtures of n-paraffins (RED diluent), and fraction of naphthenic hydrocarbons (RZh diluent). The following main parameters were chosen for comparative assessment of the quality of irradiated extractant solutions: composition and behavior of diluent radiolysis products, effect of diluents on the TBP radiolysis, and aggregative stability of emulsions in the main operations of the extraction cycle. The service life of the extraction mixtures was estimated from variation of the above parameters with the irradiation dose. Principles for choosing solvents with increased service life under irradiation were substantiated.     

Effect of the kind of heat tent of tools on friction in plastic deformation of automobile sheet

In sheet stamping, friction appears between the tool and the deformed preform. It is of interest to evaluate the difference in the friction coefficient in stamping by tools subjected to different kinds of heat treatment and chemical heat treatment.     

Ignition of a fuel-air mixture with a high-speed plasma jet

The conditions of ignition and the velocities of propagation of a flame along a tube in combustible mixtures prepared in advance upon ignition with a spark and a high-speed pulsed plasma jet are experimentally investigated.Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 67, Nos. 5–6, pp. 424–427, November–December, 1994.     

Equilibrium and Kinetic Properties of Methane Hydrate

During methane dissolution in water in a closed space, the pressure varies exponentially with time until the formation of methane hydrate. A model of this process is proposed that fits experimental data well. The methane concentration at the onset of hydrate formation is calculated as a function of temperature and pressure.     

Mechanism of Singeing Flame Excitation for a Homogeneous Mixture

The effect of vortex formation and the role of mixture flow rate in the excitation and sustenance of the self-oscillatory combustion regime of a kinetic singeing flame was studied experimentally. Using holographic interferometry and the Mies dispersion method, it is found that in the boundary layer at the burner exit, vortices arise periodically, which interact with the flame front to change the flame surface area and the heat release rate. It is shown that the main feedback mechanism is periodic vortex formation, and the occurrence of concentration regions of excitation and silence is related to the change in the number of waves falling on the flame height. It is found that in combustion of oxygen-rich fuel-air mixtures, acoustic oscillations arise at higher harmonics. Key words: singeing flame, hologram, vortices, coherent structures, physical mechanism.