基于Web的齿轮减速器设计优化系统开发

采用最新齿轮强度计算标准,利用ASP和网页制作技术,在Visual Basic、Visual Inter-Dev6.0环境下开发出了基于Web和齿轮设计制造专家咨询的减速器远程优化设计系统,从而实现减速器的远程优化设计,详细设计校核,齿轮的设计与制造的专家咨询,精度检索等。在减轻齿轮工程技术人员的劳动强度,提高工作效率,实现齿轮计算机辅助工程分析(CAE)等方面做出了一定的探索。     

Microbial controls on metal mobility under the low nutrient fluxes found throughout the subsurface

Laboratory simulations and field studies of the shallow subsurface have shown that microbes and their extracellular products can influence the mobility of toxic metals from waste disposal sites. Modelling the transport of contaminants in groundwater may, therefore, require the input of microbial ecology data in addition to geochemical data, thus increasing the costs and the uncertainty of predictions. However, whether microbial effects on contaminant mobility occur extensively in the natural subsurface is unknown because the conditions under which they have been observed hitherto are generally unrepresentative of the average subsurface environment. Here, we show that microbial activity affects the mobility of a toxic trace metal (Cu) under the relatively low nutrient fluxes that dominate subsurface systems. More particularly, we show that under these low nutrient conditions, microbes and microbial products can immobilize metal but may themselves be subject to subsequent mobilization, thus complicating the pattern of metal storage and release. Our results show that the capability of microbes in the subsurface to change both the capacity of porous media to store metal, and the behaviour of metal that is released, is not restricted to the well researched environments close to sites of waste disposal. We anticipate our simulations will be a starting point for generating input data for transport models, and specifying the mechanism of metal remobilisation in environments more representative of the subsurface generally.     

浅谈新建本科院校化学类实验教学质量的保障

为确保化学类专业实验教学质量,实现新建本科院校培养高级应用型人才的培养目标,构建了一套化学类专业实验教学质量保障体系,并在实践中取得了良好的成效。     

基于相场模拟对镍基高温合金制备工艺优化及设计

材料制备过程中微结构演变的定量描述是材料设计的核心。近年来基于精准热力学和扩散动力学数据库的相场模拟是对微结构演变进行定量描述一种行之有效的方法。作为航空发动机和燃气涡轮叶片等高温零部件的主要用材,高性能镍基高温合金制备工艺的优化及设计一直是各国材料学者研究的热点和难点。首先概述了相场方法及其最新研究进展,以及相场法与CALPHAD(CALculation of PHAse Diagram)数据库耦合技术的发展,随后详细介绍了国内外有关镍基高温合金凝固、固溶及时效过程微结构演变定量相场模拟的报道,以及当前用于建立镍基高温合金微结构与力学性能关系的可行方法。之后给出了两个基于定量相场模拟对镍基高温合金固溶及时效热处理机制进行优化及设计的实例,进一步证明了相场模拟在高性能镍基高温合金设计中的重要作用。最后,指出了对镍基高温合金制备过程微结构演变进行定量相场模拟以及后续工艺优化和设计中存在的主要问题及发展趋势。     

ZnO和CaO对模拟高放废液硅酸盐玻璃固化体性能的影响研究

针对有些高放废液含有较多Fe、Cr、Ni过渡金属元素,在玻璃固化工艺过程中易于形成晶体,导致熔融玻璃体的黏度增加、化学稳定性变差以及工艺过程中易出现出料口堵塞等问题,研究了废物包容量为15%和20%、添加ZnO(5.6%)和CaO(1.75%)的配方对形成的4种玻璃固化体的物理性能(密度、硬度、断裂韧性)、化学性能(产品一致性测试和蒸汽腐蚀测试)和结构(X射线衍射析晶分析、拉曼光谱分析)的影响。研究分析显示,提高废物包容量至20%以及添加ZnO和CaO均可促进硼硅酸盐玻璃固化体网络结构的稳定性和化学稳定性,并增强玻璃体的密度,提高硬度;但玻璃固化体的高温黏度升高,断裂韧性下降。     

布洛芬热分解及其动力学研究

通过布洛芬(ibuprofen)的热分解及其动力学研究,运用简单的热分解动力学方法进行计算分析,求出相关的活化能,指前因子和动力学参数。将布洛芬每个温度范围下的热分解过程分为3个阶段分别进行分析计算,发现每个阶段都满足一级反应方程。从而算出布洛芬热分解过程的活化能,指前因子和相关系数。通过对布洛芬热分解过程的研究,及对布洛芬TG和DTG曲线的研究,得出布洛芬在热分解过程中分为3个阶段,分别进行脱水,C-C键断裂和分子键断裂。并且随着升温速率的提高,布洛芬失重速率会逐渐趋向于温度升高的方向发展,即温度升高,布洛芬最大失重速率越大。     

The frequency-predictability interaction in reading: It depends where you're coming from.

A word's frequency of occurrence and its predictability from a prior context are key factors determining how long the eyes remain on that word in normal reading. Past reaction-time and eye movement research can be distinguished by whether these variables, when combined, produce interactive or additive results, respectively. Our study addressed possible methodological limitations of prior experiments. Initial results showed additive effects of frequency and predictability. However, we additionally examined launch site (the distance from the pretarget fixation to the target) to index the extent of parafoveal target processing. Analyses revealed both additive and interactive effects on target fixations, with the nature of the interaction depending on the quality of the parafoveal preview. Target landing position and pretarget fixation time were also considered. Results were interpreted in terms of models of language processing and eye movement control. Our findings with respect to parafoveal preview and fixation time constraints aim to help parameterize eye movement behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)