Integrated LaB6/g-C3N4 solar absorber for solving dye accumulation during solar steam generation

Solar steam generation has attracted considerable interest due to its easy accessibility and sustainability. However, dye molecules were gradually concentrated on bulk water or the surface of solar absorbers during the disposal of dye wastewater. Herein, LaB₆/g-C₃N₄ composites were immobilized on porous cotton cloth, served as a solar absorber resistant to dye clogging. The optimal solar absorber possessed solar harvesting of 92.3% and showed great application potential in the field of the treatment of dye wastewater. This study presented a new approach for the treatment of dye wastewater.     

TiO2/MXene-Assisted LDI-MS for Urine Metabolic Profiling in Urinary Disease

Cancer remains an intractable medical problem. Rapid diagnosis and identification of cancer are critical to differentiate it from nonmalignant diseases. High-throughput biofluid metabolic analysis has potential for cancer diagnosis. Nevertheless, the present metabolite analysis method does not meet the demand for high-throughput screening of diseases. Herein, a high-throughput, cost-effective, and noninvasive urine metabolic profiling method based on TiO₂/MXene-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is presented for the efficient screening of bladder cancer (BC) and nonmalignant urinary disease. Combined with machine learning, TiO₂/MXene-assisted LDI-MS enables high diagnostic accuracy (96.8%) for the classification of patient groups (including 47 BC and 46 ureteral calculus (UC) patients) from healthy controls (113 cases). In addition, BC patients can also be identified from noncancerous UC individuals with an accuracy of 88.3% in the independent test cohort. Furthermore, metabolite variations between BC and UC individuals are investigated based on relative quantification, and related pathways are also discussed. These results suggest that this method, based on urine metabolic patterns, provides a potential tool for rapidly distinguishing urinary diseases and it may pave the way for precision medicine.     

Ultralight and robustly compressible silica aerogel enhanced by AC/C sponge with high oil/water separation

Journal of Porous Materials - In recent years, oil spills and industrial organic pollutants have caused irreparable damage to the environment and biological ecosystems. Therefore, the treatment of...     

Information system business affecting impact evaluation method

To effectively analyze the impact of continuous business interruption on the information system,an information system business affecting impact evaluation method (IBAIE) is proposed.First,we identify the main businesses of the system and quantify their vulnerability.Then,we take the businesses as the nodes of network topology and weight nodes based on the business significance.The orderly association between businesses is taken as the edges which are weighted based on the association between asset and business,and the directed weighted business network topology is obtained.Finally,the method of directed weighted network structure entropy is used to evaluate the change of system business network structure during the period from business interruption to recovery.Experiments show that this method has obvious advantages in evaluating accuracy compared to other methods,and can be applied in ensuring information system security.     

A mixed phase lanthanum vanadate in situ induced by graphene oxide/graphite carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation

A mixed phase LaVO₄ with high dispersion was in situ induced and implanted in graphene oxide-graphite carbon nitride composite. The obtained nanocomposite (GO–C₃N₄–LaVO₄) showed high and stable photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution, which significantly benefited from the improved charge separation and light absorption in the special composite photocatalyst as evidenced by UV–vis spectra, fluorescence spectrum, photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance. The fabrication strategy of mixed phase LaVO₄ in the GO-C₃N₄ provides a new idea for constructing cheap and active organic-inorganic semiconductor photocatalysts for hydrogen generation.     

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy and infancy increased the risk of upper respiratory tract infections in infants: A birth cohort study in Wuhan,China

We aimed to evaluate the association of the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during pregnancy and infancy with the risk of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in infants based on a Chinese birth cohort study. Among 4178 infants who constituted the final study population, 46.8% experienced URTI in their first year of life. The hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of URTI were assessed using Cox regression models. Compared with no ETS during pregnancy, continued ETS during pregnancy was independently associated with a higher risk of URTI (HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.63) after adjustment for potential confounders and also associated with earlier occurrence of URTI (log-rank P = .002). The association remained consistent across the strata defined according to maternal age, number of siblings, sex, and breastfeeding. Exposure to ETS during infancy was associated with URTI only among infants who were breastfed for less than 12 months (P for interaction < 0.05).Furthermore, infants exposed to ETS during both pregnancy and infancy showed the highest HR of 1.46 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.85) for URTI. Efforts should be made to protect pregnant women and infants from the adverse effects of indoor and outdoor ETS.     

双层过道布置问题的混合整数非线性规划模型及两阶段改进模拟退火算法

结合实际布局活动中，设施在多层空间布置的实际情况，提出了双层过道布置问题，并构建了该问题的混合整数非线性规划（MINLP）模型。针对问题特征，提出了一种改进模拟退火算法，通过采用两阶段改进策略，对退火过程及抽样过程进行改进。该算法以自适应搜索策略替代马氏链搜索长度，并引入记忆功能、回火操作以提高求解质量，通过设置双阈值来提高求解效率。应用所提算法对24个基准算例进行测试，并将其与原模拟退火算法和GUROBI精确方法作对比，验证了所提算法的有效性。     

物质平衡-拟压力近似条件法确定气藏储量

物质平衡法作为一种有效的手段被广泛应用于气藏储量或井控储量的确定。为简便准确地确定气藏储量，笔者从物质平衡原理出发导出了"物质平衡条件"，求解气体渗流数学模型，得到了"拟压力近似条件"。将二者结合，提出了"物质平衡-拟压力近似条件法"（MB-QAC方法）。利用该方法，通过边界控制流阶段（产量波动相较于边界作用可忽略）的生产数据便可准确地计算气藏储量。定产量、定流压以及复杂生产计划条件下的数值模拟数据以及气藏实例验证了其有效性。在生产数据记录可靠的条件下，储量计算误差一般小于5%。同时，数值模拟结果表明，动态物质平衡方程是一种近似关系，拟压力近似条件对于模拟的各种情形均成立。由于考虑了岩石和束缚水的压缩性、气井产量的波动和气体性质的变化，MB-QAC方法具有一定的理论基础，对于异常高压和正常压力系统的气藏均适用，但不适用于水体活跃的气藏。