The concept of directional binding energy and analysis of the phenomena involving surface and grain boundary: Part I Theory

The concept of directional binding energy (DBE) is proposed to describe the binding energy of the crystal and the ideal direction of the antiaction force against the surface tension, which derives the grain-boundary energy and also energy ratio (γ_gb/γ_s). It may provide a simple and lucid way to analyse the surface energy, grain-boundary energy and energy ratio from the correlative view point. It has been found that the grain-boundary energy can be derived only from the conceptual approach of DBE, irrespective of the dislocation model, which also makes it possible to determine the energy ratio with the misorientation angle. That is, the energy ratio (γ_gb/γ_s) is proportional to the misorientation angle, 2 sin (k′θ/2) where k′ is a constant and θ is the misorientation angle. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Fuel combustion test in constant volume combustion chamber with built-in adaptor

Combustion tests of pre-mixture of methane and air in constant volume combustion chamber(CVCC) have been carried out by means of flame propagation photo and gas pressure measurement,the effects of CVCC body temperature,intake pressure of pre-mixture of methane and air,equivalence ratio and location of the built-in adaptor have been investigated.The whole combustion chamber can be divided into two parts,i.e.the upper combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber,by the built-in adaptor with through hol...     

铝合金ADC12Z高压铸造过程中铸件与铸型间界面热交换系数的研究

通过采集高压铸造过程中铸型内部温度的变化曲线,采用热传导反算法,求解了以铝合金ADC12Z为铸件材料的铸件-铸型界面换热系数,分析了该界面换热系数随铸件厚度的变化规律.计算及分析结果表明:在压铸过程中,铸件-铸型界面换热系数迅速升至最大值,随后下降,凝固结束后趋于稳定.铸件厚度增大不仅提高了换热系数,而且对换热系数的变化趋势也有很大影响.同时,不同厚度的铸件,其固相率和冷却速率的变化规律也有较大区别.     

铝合金压铸过程铸件/铸型界面换热行为的研究Ⅱ.工艺参数对界面换热的影响

基于本文第1部分的数学模型,求解了各种工艺参数下铸件/铸型间的界面热流和换热系数,重点研究不同工艺参数对于界面热流和换热系数的影响.在现有的"阶梯"块铸件的条件下,计算结果表明:压铸过程各种工艺参数对于铸件/铸型界面热流和换热系数有着不同的影响规律.铸型初始模腔表面温度对于界面热流的峰值有着很大的影响,随着铸型初始模腔表面温度的上升,热流峰值不断下降.对于较厚的"阶梯"面,铸型初始模腔表面温度对于界面换热系数的影响较大,随着该温度的上升,界面换热系数的峰值不断下降;对于较薄的"阶梯"面,各种工艺参数对于界面换热系数的影响不大.     

基于动态特性的剑杆织机共轭凸轮开口机构的设计方法

重新建立了共轭凸轮开口机构的动力学模型,组成相应的弹性振动微分方程.用矩阵摄动法分析该微分方程,并设计织机的开口机构.与传统的求解方法相比,计算时间减少20%,减小综框的振动以及降低断纬频率达到65%以上.     

Shop-floor scheduling at shipbuilding yards using the multiple intelligent agent system

The intelligent agent system has become a typical approach to research distributed artificial intelligence and distributed problem solving. However, despite its various technical advantages, the distribution and expansion of the intelligent agent system approach has been limited because existing methodologies rely on specialized applications and therefore require intensive investment to develop new systems. In an attempt to conquer these difficulties, a standardized methodology to construct intelligent agent systems is proposed. This approach deviates from current agent system approaches of repeatedly constructing new and customized expert systems. Specifically, it provides an economical method for developing intelligent agent systems by investigating the possibility of standardizing message communication protocols in linguistics speech-act theory and by supplementing traditional algorithmic systems with intelligent segments using, among others, expert system tools. To verify effectiveness, the shop-floor scheduling system of a large-scale shipbuilding yard has been redesigned, developed, and tested using this approach. This shop-floor scheduling system requires the scheduling of when and where to process block construction under various constraints. It is a difficult four-dimensional time and space allocation problem involving traditional NP-complete search spaces. The tested intelligent agent system proposes an innovative method for reducing the search space into three levels: the algorithm level, the agent intelligence level, and the level of cooperation among agents. It also provides methods for solving deadlock occurrence and non-uniformity problems resulting from parallel processing. Test results demonstrate applicability and economy, among other technical advantages.     

Milling parameter optimization through a discrete variable transformation

Although milling is one of the most common chip metal removal processes, little has been done to aid in identifying the optimum operational conditions for milling processes. In this paper, a mathematical model for milling operations is developed and the five primary control variables identified. The model is then decomposed and an efficient optimization procedure developed for control variable identification.