Neo Arithmetic and Ranking Techniques for Trapezoidal Generalized Interval Valued Fuzzy Numbers: Their Applications in Decision Making for Medical Investigation

Neural Processing Letters - The uncertainty caused mainly by the deficiency of precision and data, artificial/human-made errors, information accessed from expert opinions or very miniature size of...     

Transport phenomena in laser surface alloying

A three dimensional, transient model is developed for studying heat transfer, fluid flow and mass transfer for the case of a single-pass laser surface alloying process. The numerical study is performed in a co-ordinate system fixed to the laser which moves with a constant scanning speed. The coupled momentum, energy and species conservation equations are solved using a finite volume technique. Phase change processes are modelled using a fixed-grid enthalpy-porosity technique, which is capable of predicting the continuously evolving solid-liquid interface. The three-dimensional model is able to predict the species concentration distribution inside the molten pool during alloying, as well as in the entire cross section of the solidified alloy. Corresponding experimental results show a good qualitative agreement with the numerical predictions with regard to pool shape and final composition distribution.     

Design of a wideband microstrip antenna and the use of artificial neural networks in parameter calculation

This paper deals with the design of a multi-slot hole-coupled microstrip antenna on a substrate of 2 mm thickness that gives multi-frequency (wideband) characteristics. The Method of Moments (MoM)-based IE3D software was used to simulate the results for return loss, VSWR, the Smith chart, and the radiation patterns. A tunnel-based artificial neural network (ANN) was also developed to calculate the radiation patterns of the antenna. The radiation patterns were measured experimentally at 10.5 GHz and 12 GHz. The experimental results were in good agreement with the simulated results from IE3D and those of the artificial neural network. A new method of using a genetic algorithm (GA) in an artificial neural network is also discussed. This new method was used to calculate the resonant frequency of a single-shorting-post microstrip antenna. The resonant frequency calculated using the genetic-algorithm-coupled artificial neural network was compared with the analytical and experimental results. The results obtained were in very good agreement with the experimental results.     

Densification and Properties of α-Silicon Carbide

Densification of a-Sic powders with no premixed sintering aids (type 1) and with premixed B and C (type 2) was investigated by sintering them at 2150° to 2200°C for 30 min. Flexure strengths, Weibull moduli, and fracture flaws were characterized for type 2 α-SiC only. The results were compared with those for a state-of-the-art sintered a-Sic material.     

Effect of phase transfer catalysts on the interfacial tension of water/toluene system

The effect on the interfacial tension of the water toluene system has been studied at 25 °C in the presence of four phase-transfer catalysts i.e. tricaprylmethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, hex-adecytrimethyl ammonium bromide and hexadecyltributyl phosphonium bromide. The interfacial tension of aqueous phenol/resorcinol-toluene in the presence and absence of tricaprylmethyl ammonium chloride has also been reported. Attempt has been made to elucidate the change in volumetric rate of extraction with different catalysts for two phase reactions, on the basis of interfacial tension.     

Fatty acids from Macoma sp. of bivalve mollusc

Fatty acids of the total lipids of flesh and hepatopancreas of Macoma sp. have been determined. The level of 20:5w3 (ca 17%), a biologically important fatty acid, was found to be considerably high. Other major component fatty acids were 16:0, 16:1, 18:1 and 22:4w6. High levels of 22:5w6 (8%), 22:5w3 (8%) and 22:6w3 (ca 15%) were found in flesh lipid. Nonsaponifiables were also high (28–30%). Alkyl ether acyl glycerols were found in flesh (1.3%) and hepatopancreas (3.8%).