Effects of catalyst precursors on carbon nanowires by using ethanol catalytic combustion technique

Iron nitrate, nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate were used as catalyst precursors to study their effects on carbon nanowires synthesized by ethanol catalytic combustion （ECC） process. The as-grown carbon nanowires were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that relatively uniform nanowires will be formed when the catalyst precursor is iron nitrate; while helical structure or disordered structure will be formed when the catalyst precursor is nickel nitrate or cobalt nitrate. precursor     

探析如何确保机械制造工艺过程的可靠性

本文在清晰化论述机械制造工艺过程可靠性原理的基础上,具体针对我国机械制造工艺中的参数、可靠性指标关联,予以清晰设置划分,避免今后对产品疲劳强度、耐磨性等造成任何限制.同时,联合西方先进技术和已有实践经验,制定完善的制造工艺可靠性评价维护方针.希望长此以往,真正为我国机械制造事业的可持续发展,保驾护航.     

Synthesis of bamboo-like carbon nanotubes by ethanol catalytic combustion technique

Bamboo-like carbon nanotubes were synthesized by ethanol catalytic combustion （ECC） technique with combustion method. Copper plate was employed as substrate, ethanol as carbon source, and iron chloride as catalyst precursor. The as-grown black powder was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the thinner bamboo-like carbon nanotubes have a relatively good structure that the compartment layers are more regular, while the thicker carbon nanotubes have a relatively irregular bamboo-like structure; the proposed method is simple to synthesize bamboo-like carbon nanotubes and has some advantages, such as flexible synthesis conditions, simple setup, and environment-friendly.     

Synthesis of Y-junction carbon nanofibres by ethanol catalytic combustion technique

Y-shaped structure was synthesized by ethanol catalytic combustion（ECC） technique on the copper plate substrate, without directly seeding catalyst into the flame. The as-grown Y-junction carbon nanofibres were investigated by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The very common laboratory ethanol burner was used for synthesizing carbon nanofibres. Two kinds of the catalyst precursor, which are iron nitrate （Fe（NO3）3） and nickel nitrate （Ni（NO3）2）, were respectively employed to assist the formation of Y-junction carbon nanofibres. TEM analysis confirm the formation of Y-junction in the coiled and noncoiled carbon nanofibres. The type of the catalyst is found to be crucial to grow different Y-junction carbon nanofibres. Different Y-shaped structure may possess different mechanical and electronic properties. These three-terminal nanofibres provide the nanoelectronics community with a novel material for the development of molecular-scale electronic devices.     

边界不同恒温时功能梯度板平面稳态温度场

假设热导率沿功能梯度板高呈指数函数形式分布,基于该板的平面稳态热传导基本方程,用分离变量法,导出边界不同恒温时该板的平面稳态温度场的级数解析解,与有限元解对比,两种方法的最大节点温度误差0.86％.通过数值计算,获得了该板的平面稳态温度场分布,研究了板的梯度参数和几何组成对温度场的影响.主要结果表明:板内的温度场分布对称于过形心的y轴;随着梯度参数值的增加,板内的高温区向左右两边界和下边界逐步扩展;随着板高的递减,板内中下部的温度分布趋于平缓.因此,可选择适合的梯度参数和几何组成来满足设计、应用和热应力分析的需要,所获得的解析解可作为检验其他近似方法的参考标准.     

一种有创血压模拟器的设计

针对有创血压测量设备研发阶段、校准测试或在教学实验中难以采用人体或动物来做试验的缺点,提出一种新型有创血压模拟器设计方法。该模拟器通过微控制器产生正弦波和各种人体血压波形,输送到扬声器产生振动,利用传动模块和压力传感器将压力变化值传送到上位机作显示分析。实验表明该模拟器具有精度高、波形显示速度快的特点。     

基于单相电压暂降故障模拟器的研究

在研究电压暂降现象与特征的基础上,开发设计了一种能模拟产生多种形式电压暂降信号的模拟器,本装置为研究各类电气、电子产品的抗电压暂降能力提供了一种有效的检测试验平台。介绍了一种用自耦变压器和两个双向电力电子开关构成的单相电压暂降发生器。采用基于MiniSTM32开发板和电力电子技术的控制手段,实现对电网电压暂降进行模拟。为研究电压暂降特性,评估电压暂降对用电设备的影响,治理电压暂降方案设计等提供了一种试验平台,介绍了电网中发生最多的单相接地故障模拟器产生压降的方法,给出了故障模拟器的电路拓扑结构,介绍了该装置的硬件结构和换流策略,最后给出了该装置的实测效果。实测验证了这种装置设计的合理性和实用性。     

紫外/氯耦合处理饮用水中氨氮的响应面优化

基于响应面优化法,研究紫外/氯耦合处理饮用水中氨氮的效能。考察氯氮质量比、紫外辐射时间和pH值3个影响因素及其交互作用对氨氮去除的影响,采用二阶方程进行数学模拟,并优化工艺条件。结果表明,紫外/氯耦合技术能有效去除氨氮,三因素均对氨氮的去除影响显著,各因素的交互作用也显著存在。数学拟合模型的相关系数较高(R2=0.992),模型回归性好。满足饮用水氨氮出水要求(0.5 mg·L?1)的最优工艺条件为:氯氮质量比4.00,紫外辐射时间6.00 min和pH值7.5。验证实验结果与预测值的偏差仅为0.64%,响应面拟合方程可用于氨氮去除率的预测和最优工艺条件的确定。紫外/氯耦合技术是一种新型的氨氮去除方法,具有投药量小、去除效率高、操作简单等优点。     

电化学还原法制备氧化铅纳米棒

本文介绍一种用电化学还原法制备氧化铅纳米棒的简单方法.实验中所用的电解液是混有氧氯化锆和三氯化钛的硝酸铅溶液,采用不锈钢片作为阴极和基底.在室温下,由直流电源供电,通过控制输出电流的大小在不锈钢片基底上沉积产物.氧化铅纳米棒的产生与电流密度有关,通过讨论,得出生成氧化铅纳米棒的最佳电流密度大小.用SEM、TEM、EDS和XRD对产物进行了表征.研究结果表明,所制备的氧化铅纳米棒是单晶结构.