木樨榄属植物中裂环烯醚萜类的提取方法及开发前景

裂环烯醚萜类化合物是木樨榄属植物标记性化合物,尤其是橄榄苦苷具有重要的药理活性。本文作者研究了作者裂环烯醚萜类化合物植物来源、化学结构特征和物化性质及药理作用,提出木樨榄属油橄榄叶提取物加工工艺和橄榄苦苷的检测方法,为我国油橄榄叶中橄榄苦苷的加工利用提供依据。     

表面活性剂对微生物脱除柴油中有机硫的影响

采用假单胞菌(Pseudomonas delafieldii)菌株R-8和红色红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis)菌株N1-36研究了加氢精制柴油脱硫工艺，两株菌脱除柴油中有机硫的活性相近. 添加表面活性剂能提高菌株对柴油的脱硫率；当Tween80存在、搅拌转速为250 r/min时，菌株R-8最高可脱除硫含量<300 mg/L的柴油中72%的有机硫；但当硫含量超过1000 mg/L时，微生物脱硫率极低.     

石油和煤微生物脱硫技术的研究进展

生物脱硫技术在能源工业发展和环境保护等方面显示出潜在的优势. 本文综述了应用于化石燃料生物脱硫的主要菌种及其脱硫原理、微生物的选育优化及微生物脱硫的动力学, 介绍了生物脱硫技术的工业化应用. 对生物脱硫技术的经济性进行了分析, 指出了进一步研究微生物脱硫技术存在的问题和在我国发展该技术的重要性.     

脱硫菌R-8的生长及其生物降解水中二苯并噻酚

以二苯并噻酚（DBT）为唯一硫考察了pH，温度，碳源，氮源等对德氏假单胞菌（Pseudomonas delafieldii)R-8生长的影响，结果表明，该菌的最适生长pH范围为6－9，最适生长温度为30℃，甘油是细胞生长的最好碳源，最佳浓度范围为10－15g/L，最佳无机氮源乙酸铵的浓度为1．6g/L，有机氮源能促进细胞的生长，但对从DBT脱硫却产生抑制作用，硫酸钠，二甲基亚砜，胱氨酸和蛋氨酸等硫化物都可以作为R－8生长的硫源，但对R－8脱硫活性的表达没有诱导作用。     

油橄榄叶中多酚和黄酮的含量分析

以儿茶素为标准品,采用Folin试剂分光光度法建立油橄榄叶中多酚的分析方法;以芦丁标准品为对照,建立油橄榄叶中黄酮的分析方法,研究不同树龄和干燥方式对油橄榄叶中黄酮和多酚含量的影响。结果表明:3年生油橄榄叶中黄酮和多酚的含量明显高于20年以上树龄的油橄榄叶。高温或阳光能降低黄酮和多酚的含量,采用大孔树脂精制油橄榄叶提取物,可获得多酚含量在80%以上的油橄榄叶提取物。     

硫氧化还原酶热稳定性的结构基础(英文)

The thermostability of three sulfur oxygenase reductases(SORs) was investigated from thermoaci-dophilic achaea Acidianus tengchongensis(SORAT) and Sulfolobus tokodaii(SORST) as well as the moderately thermophilic bacterium Acidithiobacillus sp.SM-1(SORSB).The optimal temperatures for catalyzing sulfur oxida-tion were 80 °C(SORAT),85 °C(SORST),and 70 °C(SORSB),respectively.The half-lives of the three SORs at their optimal catalytic conditions were 100 min(SORAT),58 min(SORST),and 37 min(SORSB).In order to reveal the structural basis of the thermostability of these SORs,three-dimensional structural models of them were generated by homology modeling using the previously reported high-resolution X-ray structure of SORAA(from Acidianus ambivalens) as a template.The results suggest that thermostability was dependent on:(a) high number of the charged amino acid glutamic acid and the flexible amino acid proline,(b) low number of the thermolabile amino acid glutamine,(c) increased number of ion pairs,(d) decreased ratio of hydrophobic accessible solvent surface area(ASA) to charged ASA,and(e) increased volumes of the cavity.The number of cavities and the number of hydro-gen bonds did not significantly affect the thermostability of SORs,whereas the cavity volumes increased as the thermal stability increased.     

用于降解硫芴的土壤菌种的分离

Five bacterial strains,which are able to grow and to disintegrate dibenzothiophene (DBT) and dibenzothiophene sulfone (DBTO2) in fossil fuels,are isolated.Analysis of products of DBT metabolized by these strains shows that different bacteria strains oxidize DBT by different pathways.The isolated strains R-6,R-16,R-9 and R-8 can metabolize DBT to DBTO2 and 2-hydroxybiphenyl(HBP),which are identified as Bacillus brevis,Bacillus sphaericus,Nocardia globerula and Pseudomonas delafieldii respectively.Another strain R-12 identified as Pseudomonas sp. can degrade DBT completely but it cannot produce DBTO2 and HBP. The optimum temperature and initial pH for desulfurization by R-8 are 32℃ and 7.02 respectively and pH of the broth decreases during biodegradation.The growth of strain R-8 with different sulfur-sources indicates that this strain in DBT medium has an induction period of 3 days,which is longer than those with dimethylsulfoxide and MgSO4 media,but the growth rate of the bacterial strain in DBT is higher after the induction.Higher growth and desulfurization rates are observed in the DBT-hexadecane system than in both DBT-ethanol and DBT-dimethylformamide systems.Both strains of R-8 and R-9 also show higher desulfurization activities toward other sulfur-substrates,indicating that they have greater desulfurization potential in application.     

石油生物催化深度脱硫

简要综术字国外石油生物催化脱硫研究的新进展,介绍了生物催化脱硫的发展趋势和应用前景。     

脱硫菌R–8的生长及其生物降解水中二苯并噻酚

以二苯并噻酚(DBT)为唯一硫源考察了pH、温度、碳源、氮源等对德氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas delafieldii)R-8生长的影响. 结果表明，该菌的最适生长pH范围为6~9，最适生长温度为30℃，甘油是细胞生长的最好碳源，最佳浓度范围为10~15 g/L，最佳无机氮源乙酸铵的浓度为 1.6 g/L. 有机氮源能促进细胞的生长，但对从DBT脱硫却产生抑制作用. 硫酸钠、二甲基亚砜、胱氨酸和蛋氨酸等硫化物都可以作为R-8生长的硫源，但对R-8脱硫活性的表达没有诱导作用.