天津市地下水生态系统服务价值演变

基于千年生态系统评估对生态系统服务的分类方法，将天津市地下水生态系统服务功能划分为供给、调节、 支持和文化 4 个方面，以此为基础建立地下水生态系统服务价值评估指标体系，采用价值量评估方法构建货币化 的价值评估模型，对地下水生态系统服务价值进行测算，并重点分析南水北调中线工程通水前后天津市地下水生 态系统服务价值演变特征。结果表明：2008—2019 年，天津市地下水生态系统年均总服务价值为 83.71 亿元，其 中，南水北调中线工程通水前（2008—2014 年）为 69.81 亿元，通水后（2015—2019 年）为 103.18 亿元；通水后，地 下水调节服务价值、支持服务价值增大，供给服务价值减小；南水北调中线工程对地下水生态系统服务价值的贡 献呈增大趋势，由 2015 年 2.64 亿元增加至 2019 年 24.01 亿元。     

Hydrodynamics study of a fast liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors

Hydrodynamics characteristics of a fast and highly exothermic liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors were studied using a newly developed experimental method. In the adipic acid synthesis through the K/A oil (the mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) oxidation with nitric acid, bubble generation modes were divided into four categories. The gas production became more intensive, unstable, even explosive with increasing the oil phase feed rate and the temperature. A novel automatic image processing method was developed to monitor the instantaneous velocity online by tracking the gas–liquid interface. The axial velocity at the same location was unstable due to the changing gas production rate. Furthermore, the actual residence time was obtained easily with being only 36% of the space–time minimally, beneficial for establishing accurate kinetics and mass transfer models with time participation. Finally, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the actual residence time under different conditions.     

Spectral radiance reconstruction from trichromatic camera responses based on orthogonal test and regularized algorithm

Reconstruction of spectral information based on multi‐channel image system is a significant problem in color reproduction, detection, and recognition. A spectral radiance reconstruction from trichromatic digital camera responses is researched in this article. The mapping relationship between the trichromatic imaging system response and the incident spectral radiance is analyzed. Then, in order to remove the ill‐posedness of the problem, a regularized constraint solution model of spectral radiance reconstruction matrix is established. And the spectral radiance can be reconstructed by spectral radiance reconstruction matrices and trichromatic imaging system response. Finally, the spectral radiance reconstruction matrix is estimated by the system radiometric calibration experiment. The input radiance is offered by a LCD display. A 3‐factor and 9‐level orthogonal test is designed for the calibration experiment, and a test set of 24 colors is used for precision analysis. The results show that the average relative mean error of our method is 8.69%, it is lower than that of Wiener filtering method by 2.84%. The method can reconstruct spectral radiance information effectively.     

断控岩溶主控的缝洞型碳酸盐岩内部溶蚀相带表征——以塔河油田10区奥陶系油藏为例

以塔河油田10区的典型井组为研究对象，在明确断裂主控岩溶的背景下，分析岩溶作用过程与缝洞空间分布的关系，揭示了研究区缝洞体内幕结构及油气生产差异机理。通过对钻井、地震、示踪剂等动态和静态资料的分析，将研究区缝洞储集体划分为洞穴型、孔洞型、裂缝-孔洞型和裂缝型4种类型。结合地球物理描述与相似露头观察，分析断控岩溶作用下溶洞的发育过程，并建立基于成因演化的缝洞空间分布模式。岩溶作用下储层的发育具有分带性，依据该模式从内向外划分出4个溶蚀相带，分别是大型溶洞带、溶蚀孔洞密集区、缝洞联合发育体以及最外围的裂缝破裂带。不同的溶蚀相带其发育的主要储集体类型、储集物性、井震特征以及储量和产能情况有较大差异。在此基础上，结合生产动态资料所揭示的不同井之间的响应和连通情况，明确了研究区不同钻井分别钻遇了不同发育程度或演化阶段的缝洞溶蚀相带，且主要存在溶洞连通、缝洞连通和裂缝连通3种沟通方式。通过对缝洞溶蚀相带空间配置关系的有效刻画，采用确定性建模方法建立岩溶储层三维地质模型，并取得较好的数值模拟效果。     

Tuning Parameter Selection Based on Blocked $$3\times 2$$3×2 Cross-Validation for High-Dimensional Linear Regression Model

Neural Processing Letters - In high-dimensional linear regression, selecting an appropriate tuning parameter is essential for the penalized linear models. From the perspective of the expected...     

Fiber bundle topology optimization of hierarchical microtextures for wetting behavior in Cassie-Baxter mode

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - This paper presents the topology optimization of hierarchical microtextures for wetting behavior in the Cassie-Baxter mode, considering a structural...     

地面微地震有源噪声自动识别与匹配压制方法

微地震监测技术通过对非常规储层压裂改造引发的震源点进行成像，实时提供压裂施工过程中产生的裂隙高度、长度、宽度和方位角等信息，为致密储层压裂提供指导，以提高油气采收率。在地面布设站点进行监测时，因微地震信号传播距离较远、近地表吸收衰减严重、地面有源噪声较多，微地震数据具有信号能量弱、噪声干扰强和信噪比低等特点，严重制约微地震事件的定位精度。噪声源多分布于地表，根据有源噪声与由储层向上传播的微地震事件在能量、频率、传播速度和源位置等方面的差异，本文提出微地震有源噪声自动识别与匹配方法。综合长短时窗能量比与微地震量板方法，自动识别有源噪声干扰，并进行噪声源位置和传播速度的三维最优并行搜索；利用同时确定的最优噪声源位置和传播速度对微地震数据进行动校正处理，得到噪声标准道，通过能量自适应匹配处理压制有源噪声。正演模拟数据和实际微地震数据去噪效果证明，本文方法能有效压制有源噪声，显著提高微地震数据品质，为后续微地震事件精确定位奠定了基础。