Current Status and Trend of Internet and E-Commerce Market in Korea

After the remarkable increase of Internet users and broadband Internet subscribers at the end of the 20th century, the size of Korean Internet and e-commerce market steadily increased but the growth rate has been either stagnant or decreased. Trends of Korean Internet and e-commerce market are summarized in this paper the trends on Internet usage are introduced. Trends of online games, blogs and wireless Internet are introduced. The trends of Korean Internet market may have implications for China and Japan.     

EFFECTS OF OIL DROPLETS ON PHYSICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF O/W EMULSION AGAR GEL

Effects of oil droplets in an agar gel matrix were investigated by mechanical analyses and sensory evaluation. The results for compressive and puncture properties were expressed in terms of relative values. All compressive properties; stress, strain and compressive energy of emulsion gels, as obtained by compression tests, decreased with both increases of oil droplet size and oil volume fraction. The stress, strain and energy of the emulsion gels obtained by puncture tests did not change with an increase in oil droplet size. Results of sensory evaluation showed that the sample containing small oil droplets was harder than that with large oil droplets. On the other hand, the large oil droplet sample was oilier than that with small oil droplets. The sensory evaluations for hardness and oiliness of emulsion gels did not exhibit significant relations to most of the properties of mechanical analyses.     

Attachment of Salmonella typhimurium to Poultry Skin as Related to Cell Viability

³H-labeled S. typhimurium cells inactivated by gamma-radiation (⁶⁰Co) and by formaldehyde (5%) were used to determine if cell viability affected attachment to poultry skin. Both gamma-irradiated and formal-dehyde-treated cells attached like live cells. There was no difference in attachment between cells grown in a chemically defined medium (SCDM) or in brain heart infusion broth (BHI). Live and gamma-irradiated cells and BHI-grown and SCDM-grown cells had similar surface hydrophobicity. Live and gamma-irradiated cells had similar cell surface charges, whereas BHI and SCDM-grown cells had different surface charges. Differences in cell surface charge did not affect attachment rate.     

Mechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Peanuts as Affected by Harvest Date and Maturity

Harvest date and maturity (by the Hull Scrape method) were compared to mechanical properties and chemical composition of peanuts. In general, later-harvested or mature peanuts exhibited higher cutting and shear-compression forces, shear-compression energy and slope of force-deformation curve than earlier-harvested or immature peanuts. Mesocarp color of peanuts could be used as an index to group peanuts with similar shear-compression energy (sensory crunchiness). Harvest date did not affect dry basis chemical composition except carbohydrates content decreased slightly as digging was delayed. Oil content increased and carbohydrates decreased as peanuts matured. Total unsaturated fatty acids content increased with maturity.     

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEXTURE CHANGE IN COD MUSCLE DURING FROZEN STORAGE

The textural deterioration of cod muscle during frozen storage was investigated by objective measurement using the Instron Universal Testing Machine. The rates of texture change as a function of storage time revealed that the increased toughness and decreased cohesiveness could be described by a first-order relationship. Higher storage temperatures resulted in more rapid rates of textural deterioration. Larger activation energy constants for toughness of cod muscle as compared to cohesiveness indicated that toughening was more temperature dependent than cohesiveness. The increased toughness and the decreased cohesiveness of frozen-stored fish appeared to be related to the protein denaturation of the cod muscle and the loss of water-holding capacity, respectively.     

Development of a simple model for batch and boundary information updation for a similar ship’s block model

In early 2000,large domestic shipyards introduced shipbuilding 3D computer-aided design (CAD) to the hull production design process to define manufacturing and assembly information.The production design process accounts for most of the man-hours (M/H) of the entire design process and is closely connected to yard production because designs must take into account the production schedule of the shipyard,the current state of the dock needed to mount the ship’s block,and supply information.Therefore,many shipyards are investigating the complete automation of the production design process to reduce the M/H for designers.However,these problems are still currently unresolved,and a clear direction is needed for research on the automatic design base of manufacturing rules,batches reflecting changed building specifications,batch updates of boundary information for hull members,and management of the hull model change history to automate the production design process.In this study,a process was developed to aid production design engineers in designing a new ship’s hull block model from that of a similar ship previously built,based on AVEVA Marine.An automation system that uses the similar ship’s hull block model is proposed to reduce M/H and human errors by the production design engineer.First,scheme files holding important information were constructed in a database to automatically update hull block model modifications.Second,for batch updates,the database’s table,including building specifications and the referential integrity of a relational database were compared.In particular,this study focused on reflecting the frequent modification of building specifications and regeneration of boundary information of the adjacent panel due to changes in a specific panel.Third,the rollback function is proposed in which the database (DB) is used to return to the previously designed panels.     

系统保压阀在冰箱中的应用

针对某款冰箱通过冷凝器保压技术降低冰箱能耗.验证了不同环温、阀泄漏量、压缩机延迟开启时间对能耗降低程度的影响.另外在化霜前关闭电磁阀,抽取蒸发器中剩余冷媒,降低化霜能耗,优化整机能效.结果证明:1.不同环温下高压侧压力降低的幅度相近,保压阀对能耗的改善量差别不大;2.阀提前开启时间越短对降低能耗越有利;3.阀泄漏量降低增加保压阀节能效果;4.化霜时关阀抽空减小蒸发器中冷媒量,减小被冷媒吸收的热量损失,可缩短化霜时间0.5 min,使能耗改善0.4％.综合而言,以美的两门BCD360冰箱为例,增加泄漏量为0.004 L/min的保压装置,控制逻辑设置为与压缩机同步关闭,压缩机启动前2 min开启,化霜前关闭阀,压缩机运转0.5 min后,加热丝工作,耗电量减低0.0359 kW·h/24 h,相比原机能耗改善4.15％.     

铜元素和退火温度对TRIP冷轧钢板组织和力学性能的影响

将含铜和不含铜的两种TRIP钢板(0．2％C、1．5％Si、1．5％Mn)冷轧至1mm厚，然后分别在750℃、760℃、770℃、780℃下退火5min，最后在450℃等温3min，获得了不同含量和不同稳定性的残留奥氏体。金相和力学性能试验结果表明，铜元素能提高残留奥氏体量和钢板的力学性能；退火温度影响残留奥氏体量和力学性能，当退火温度选择在Ac1 10％时可获得最佳的力学性能。     

Studies in Lithium Oxide Systems: IX, Li2o-Al2O3-TiO2

Compatible phases in the system Li₂O-Al₂O₃-TiO₂ at various temperature levels were determined mainly by solid-state reactions for the portion of the ternary system bounded by Li₂O Al₂O₂, Li₂O.TiO₂, Al₂O, and TiO₂. The existence of a ternary compound, Li₂O.Al₂O₃.4TiO₂, and nine joins was established. The ternary compound has a lower limit of stability at 1090°± 15°C. and dissociates and recombines rapidly at 1380°± 15°C.