Performance evaluation with DEVS formalism and implementation of active emergency call system for realtime location and monitoring

In this paper, we designed and implemented the active emergency call system for emergency call service actively. Active emergency call system has two physical components; E-Device (Emergency Mobile Device) and E-Server (Emergency Server). The role of E-Device is the mobile device in order to call emergency by using mild handicapped, the elderly and children who are able to communicate their intention to another. E-Server is the server for management E-Devices with realtime monitoring. E-Device will be developed to the portable size for easily mild handicapped, the elderly and children. When they need the service of emergency call, the button of E-Device can be used and the call signal is transmitted to the emergency office and the guardian through Internet and CDMA. E-Server should be developed the integrated control system for management of E-Devices basically. And it also supported to realtime monitoring of E-Devices with respect to high quality of emergency call service for rise the efficiency. And finally we describe the results of performance evaluation about the location error of E-Device between coordinate of GPS received signal and actual E-Device coordinate, when it has been called emergency, by using DEVS (Discrete Event System Specification) formalism.     

Effects of Commercial Food Grade Enzymes on Free Fatty Acid Profiles in Granular Cheddar Cheese

Commercial food grade enzymes (Neutrase, calf lipase and NaturAge) were incorporated into cheese at various concentrations and ripened at 7° and 13°C. Gas chromatographic analysis indicated that free fatty acid (FFA) production increased significantly (p<0.05) with lipase and high level NaturAge. Neutrase had little effect on FFA production but showed synergistic effects with lipase. The short-chain FFA profiles were similar among control, Neutrase- and NaturAge-treated cheeses. Significant correlations (p<0.05) between C₈ and C₁₄, C₁₆ or C_18:1 and total free fatty acids were observed in all tested samples. Total concentrations of C₄ and C₆ may be a good indicator of flavor development during cheese ripening. Cheese with a medium level of NaturAge, ripened at 13°C for 4 wk, showed profiles of FFA similar to those of the control cheese ripened at 7°C for 12 wk.     

Design analysis of a solid nitrogen cooled “permanent” high-temperature superconducting magnet system

Potential performance advantages of a solid nitrogen cooled “permanent” high-temperature superconducting (SN2/HTS) magnet system over a liquid helium cooled low-temperature superconducting (LHe/LTS) system are explored. The SN2/HTS system design includes a second solid heat capacitor that cools a radiation shield. Recooling of the heat capacitors is performed with a demountable cryocooler. The SN2/HTS system offers both enhanced stability and improved portability over a LHe/LTS system.Design codes are constructed to compare the SN2/HTS system design with a LHe/LTS design for a general permanent superconducting magnet system employing a room temperature bore. The codes predict the system volume and mass that should be expected for a given set of design requirements, i.e. field strength and bore size, and a given set of conductor properties. The results indicate that present HTS conductor critical current and index are not yet sufficient for producing SN2/HTS systems of a size that is comparable with that expected for a LHe/LTS system; however, the conductor properties of Bi2223/Ag have been consistently improving, and new HTS conductors are expected to be developed in the near future. The codes are used to determine the minimum Bi2223/Ag conductor performance required for a SN2/HTS system to be competitive with a LHe/LTS system.     

Software-defined optical networks (SDONs): a survey

This paper gives an overview of software-defined optical networks (SDONs). It explains the general concepts on software-defined networks (SDNs), their relationship with network function virtualization, and also about OpenFlow, which is a pioneer protocol for SDNs. It then explains the benefits and challenges of extending SDNs to multilayer optical networks, including flexible grid and elastic optical networks, and how it compares to generalized multi-protocol label switching for implementing a unified control plane. An overview on the industry and research efforts on SDON standardization and implementation is given next, to bring the reader up to speed with the current state of the art in this field. Finally, the paper outlines the benefits achieved by SDONs for network operators, and also some of the important and relevant research problems that need to be addressed.     

Effect of Oligosaccharide Formation on the Cryoscopic Measurements of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lactose in Dairy Products

The effect of oligosaccharide formation on the cryoscopic measurements of enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose was evaluated. Whey permeate, 5% lactose solution, and milk samples were treated with β-galactosidase and incubated for 4 hr at 37°C. Samples were withdrawn at regular intervals and analyzed for the degree of hydrolysis by a freezing point depression method (FPD), as well as by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated that the percent hydrolysis of lactose was substantially less with the FPD measurement than with HPLC. Differences between the two analyses were coincided with the levels of oligosaccharides formed by transgalactosidation reactions during hydrolysis.     

Improved reliability of low-temperature polysilicon TFT by post-annealing gate oxide

We have investigated the electrical characteristics of gate oxide films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with respect to gate oxide integrity (GOI) and its reliability. In the investigation, post-annealed gate oxide was compared with as-deposited oxide. It was shown that the characteristics of GOI strongly depended on the charge trapping characteristics and deep level interface states generation under FN stress, which was remarkably improved by post-annealing after gate oxide deposition. Improved FN stress and hot carrier stress reliability of CMOS devices implemented on the glass substrate are also discussed.     

Bridging the semantic gap in multimedia emotion/mood recognition for ubiquitous computing environment

With the advent of the ubiquitous era, multimedia emotion/mood could be used as an important clue in multimedia understanding, retrieval, recommendation, and some other multimedia applications. Many issues for multimedia emotion recognition have been addressed by different disciplines such as physiology, psychology, cognitive science, and musicology. Recently, many researchers have tried to uncover the relationship between multimedia contents such as image or music and emotion in many applications. In this paper, we introduce the existing emotion models and acoustic features. We also present a comparison of different emotion/mood recognition methods.     

A hybrid user authentication protocol for mobile IPTV service

IPTV, a technological convergence that combines communication and broadcasting technologies, delivers customized, interactive TV content and other multimedia information over wired and wireless connections. Providing secure access to IPTV services calls for authentication, without proper and secure authentication mechanisms, an individual impersonating a subscriber could steal a service. This paper proposes a new authentication protocol to authenticate IPTV users. The authors based the proposed protocol, a hybrid authentication protocol providing lightweight, personalized user authentication, on RFID (radio-frequency identification) and USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module) technologies. In the proposed protocol, USIM performs highly personalized authentication, and the authenticated subscriber’s RFID tags can have a temporary authority to execute authentication. These RFID tags become Agent Tags authorized to authenticate subscribers. Agent Tags identify and authenticate themselves to RFID readers in the set-top box, thus, simplifying the authentication process.     

A speech enhancement algorithm to reduce noise and compensate for partial masking effect

To enhance the speech quality that is degraded by environmental noise,an algorithm was proposed to reduce the noise and reinforce the speech.The minima controlled recursive averaging(MCRA) algorithm was used to estimate the noise spectrum and the partial masking effect which is one of the psychoacoustic properties was introduced to reinforce speech.The performance evaluation was performed by comparing the PESQ(perceptual evaluation of speech quality) and segSNR(segmental signal to noise ratio) by the propos...