Simultaneous removal of cyanobacterial blooms and production of clean water by coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A mechanical harvesting technology based on coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter (RDF, 35-μm) was applied to remove cyanobacterial...     

Characteristic and mechanism of sorption and desorption of benzene on humic acid

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The sorption/desorption behaviors of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) on soil organic matter (SOM) have a significant influence on...     

Structural and technological determinants of carbon intensity reduction of China’s electricity generation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Electricity generation is the largest sector with decarbonization potential for China and the world. Based on the new emission factors, this paper...     

峡山地不同垂直带土壤层的水文功能及其影响因子

渗透性能和持水能力是土壤重要的水力学性质，是土壤调节径流、保持水土和涵养水源等水文功能的基础。以三峡库首的夷陵-大老岭山地为对象，采集亚高山棕壤针叶林地、中山黄棕壤针阔混交林与茶园地和低山黄壤针叶林地等4个样点剖面的土壤样品，在室内进行土壤饱和导水率、水分特征曲线和理化性质测定，量化了不同样地土壤渗透性能、持水能力和水分库容等水文功能参数，并明确了其主要影响因子。结果表明: 研究区山地土壤饱和导水率在0.06～14.78 mm/min之间，亚高山棕壤和中山黄棕壤林地土壤渗透性能较好，其平均饱和导水率在7.15～14.78 mm/ min之间，低山黄壤次之（1.3 9 mm/min），中山黄棕壤茶园土壤渗透能力最差（1.17 mm/min）。不同类型土壤的饱和含水量、毛管含水量、田间持水量存在较大差异，凋萎含水量差异较小。同一类型土壤的不同发生层内，土壤饱和含水量随土壤深度的增加而递减，毛管持水量和田间持水量随土层深度的增加波动上升。不同样地间土壤水分总库容差异较大，随着海拔的升高，土壤水分总库容增加。土壤水分特征参数与土壤性质的相关分析表明，饱和导水率与土壤总孔隙度呈显著正相关，与容重呈显著负相关；饱和含水量、毛管持水量、田间持水量均与土壤总孔隙度、粘粒含量呈显著性正相关，与容重呈显著负相关；饱和含水量与根系重量呈显著正相关；毛管持水量、田间持水量与砂粒含量呈显著负相关。与中山茶园地和低山黄壤林地相比，亚高山棕壤和中山黄棕壤林地渗透性能较好且持水性更强，具有更好的调蓄径流和涵养水源的水文功能。 关键词： 山地土壤；土壤孔隙度；饱和导水率；持水能力；三峡库区     

Evaluation of ecotourism development in rural regions of China

The current status of ecotourism in rural China was analyzed in this paper.Empirical surveys covering the whole country indicate that ecotourism in rural China has attracted a large number of tourists who,however,didn’t generate revenues that can match the number.Although the environmental quality of those rural ecotourism destinations is high with little negative impacts,several problems have already appeared,suggesting a need to monitor those areas.The current practice of interpretation in most rural ecotourism destinations did not provide environmental education opportunities to the tourists.And local communities need more effective ways to decide on the prospects of local ecotourism development by themselves.Finally,a few recommendations for improving the sustainability of ecotourism destinations were provided.     

磁性Fe_3O_4/石墨烯纳米复合材料催化降解水中17β-雌二醇

利用化学沉淀法制备磁性四氧化三铁/石墨烯(Fe3O4/GE)纳米复合材料,并将其与H2O2构成非均相Fenton体系用于催化降解水中微量的17β-雌二醇(E2),研究了初始p H值,初始H2O2浓度,催化剂用量对E2降解的影响。结果表明,Fe3O4/GE纳米复合材料在无需外加光源的条件下能够有效催化降解E2。在p H 7.0,E2初始浓度为1 mg/L,初始H2O2浓度为15 mmol/L,Fe3O4/GE投加量为15 mg/L的条件下,反应8 h后可去除92.9%的E2。Fe3O4/GE具有便捷的磁分离特性和稳定的催化活性,经过7次循环使用后对E2的降解效率仍保持在91.5%左右。     

An evaluation scheme for assessing the effectiveness of intersection movement assist (IMA) on improving traffic safety

Objective: Intersection movement assist (IMA) has been recognized as one of the prominent countermeasures to reduce angle crashes at intersections, which constitute 22% of total crashes in the United States. Utilizing vehicle-based sensors, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, IMA offers extended vision to provide early warning for an imminent crash. However, most of IMA-related research implements their methods and strategies only in simulations, test tracks, or driving simulator studies that have quite a few assumptions and limitations and hence the effectiveness evaluations reported may not be transferable or comparable.

Methods: This study seeks to develop a generalized evaluation scheme that can be used not only to assess the effectiveness of IMA on improving traffic safety at intersections but to facilitate comparisons across similar studies. The proposed evaluation scheme utilizes the concepts of traffic conflict in terms of time-to-collision (TTC) as a crash surrogate. This approach avoids the issue of having insufficient crash frequency data for system evaluation. To measure the effectiveness of IMA on reducing traffic conflicts, a relative risk is calculated for comparing the risk of with/without using the IMA. As a proof-of-concept study, this study applied the proposed evaluation scheme and reported the effectiveness of IMA on improving traffic safety in a field operation test (FOT). Seven test scenarios were conducted at 4 intersections, and a total of 40 participants were recruited to use the IMA for 6 months.

Results: It was estimated that IMA users have 26% fewer conflicts with TTC less than 5 s and have 15% fewer conflicts with TTC less than 4 s. However, the results vary across different sites and different definitions of conflicts in terms of TTC.

Conclusions: Overall, IMA is promising to effectively reduce angle crashes related to sight obstruction and has potential to reduce not only crash frequency but crash severity.     

大气降水对金属材料环境适应性能影响研究

考察了大气降水环境下(酸雨)对镀锌钢丝的环境适应性能的影响。结果表明,随着盐雾腐蚀时间的延长,钢丝表面腐蚀深度逐渐增加,盐雾腐蚀时间的延长会使得腐蚀更加严重;盐雾腐蚀时间为40天前表示表面镀锌层发生腐蚀的阶段,而盐雾腐蚀时间超过40天时则为钢丝基体的腐蚀;镀锌层的腐蚀速率要高于钢丝基体。随着腐蚀时间从10天延长至120天,钢丝表面腐蚀坑深度呈现逐渐增加的趋势;镀锌钢丝的点蚀与腐蚀时间的预测模型为:■,■。     

The associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with fetal growth and anthropometric measurements at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fetal growth has been demonstrated to be an important predictor of perinatal and postnatal health. Although the effects of maternal exposure to air...     

鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘水体原位修复技术应用效果分析

针对鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘内源底泥污染和外源农村生产、生活排水污染,通过选用覆沙处理、落干曝晒处理及生物联合调控处理(即底栖动物三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)+滤食性鱼类鳙鱼和鲢鱼+湿地植物花叶芦竹(Arundo donax var.versicolor))等原位修复技术进行研究,以期得到农村小水塘经济高效的原位修复技术。结果表明:(1)生物联合调控处理对水质净化的效果总体最佳,浊度、氨氮、TN和COD去除率最高值分别为68.18%、92.64%、79.85%和92.10%。(2)生物联合调控处理的TN去除率与DO呈显著负相关,TP去除率与DO呈显著负相关、与氮磷质量比(N/P)呈显著正相关,COD去除率与氨氮、碳氮质量比(C/N)均呈显著负相关。