ePTFE人工血管管壁结构及其体外性能的试验研究

对国内外两组膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)人工血管从管壁结构、理化性能和生物力学性能进行对比研究.通过试验研究两组人造血管管壁的宏观及微观结构、表面润湿性、结晶度和融熔温度、周/轴向拉伸、顶破拉伸以及手术线固位强力,对比两组样品的性能差异,并分析了导致差异的可能原因,讨论了管壁结构、理化性能与力学特性之间的关系.研究结果表明,国产和进口ePTFE人工血管试样均为双层结构,两者都有良好的疏水性表面和抗水渗透性.但进口试样具有更加规整均匀的节点和纤维形态结构,有利于人工血管的生物耐久性.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Textile Pad for Wound Debridement

Various types of wound debridement approaches are currently available in clinical practice such as autolytie, enzymatic. biodebridement, mechanical, and surgical debridemenl techniques. A critical look at these various options can explain their potential but also their limitations. In this study, a novel textile pad, which is composed of polyester filaments on the fleecy side and a bioeompatible coating on the opposite side, was made to provide a safe, inexpensive, easier and especially more efficient debridement process that can be used in all healthcare settings by all healthcare practitioners. Eighteen kinds of samples were prepared with different pile density, ground yarn count and coating amount. Dimensional morphology, stitch density, mass per unit area and mechanical properties were investigated to study the intrinsic relationship of structure and properties of textile pad for wound debridement. Results showed that tensile strength and suturing strength at piped site increased obviously with the increment of ground yarn count, while the amount of coating could also have a slight impact on these two properties. However, compressive load was mainly affected by pile density, with no obvious relation to ground yarn count and coating amount.     

“和谐世界”:马克思世界历史观的继承与发展

自2005年胡锦涛提出"和谐世界"以来,它已越来越被世界人民所欢迎和接受。"和谐世界"的理念从马克思主义理论的角度看,可以追溯到马克思的世界历史观理论。从马克思到胡锦涛,中间经过了毛泽东、邓小平和江泽民几代领导人。他们面对不同时期的世界发展形势,在继承马克思主义世界历史观理论的基础上对马克思主义的理论观点进行了发展,提出不同的见解。他们的观点是一脉相承的,和谐世界理念是理论和实际发展的必然结果。     

重组谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶-肝素酶Ⅰ在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化及其性质

肝素酶Ⅰ（HeparinaseⅠ,HepⅠ）是一种多糖裂解酶,可特异性裂解硫酸肝素分子中糖苷键以制备低分子质量肝素（LMWH）。由于重组肝素酶Ⅰ在大肠杆菌中表达时极易形成包涵体,将肝素酶Ⅰ基因的N端融合谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）标签,在大肠杆菌中进行低温表达。结果显示,约90%的GST-HepⅠ融合蛋白以可溶性形式...     

Effect of Molecular Weight of PCL on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of PCL/PET Composite Vascular Scaffold Prototype

A new scaffold has been developed,which made from poly(ε-caprolactone)( PCL) membrane with porous structure,and reinforcement of PCL scaffold was achieved by embedding polyethylene terephthalate(PET) weft-knit tubular fabric. The aim of this paper is to study the variation tendency of the morphology and the mechanical properties of the sample with the changing of molecular weight. Weighing method was used to analyze the porosity of the sample,and scanning electron microscopy( SEM) images were taken to observe porous structure. The tensile and compressive strengths of the samples were tested by the universal mechanical tester and radial compression apparatus, respectively. And the results showed that the porosity and compressive strength were improved when increasing the molecular weight,and the elastic recovery rate was also improved slightly. However, molecular weight has little impact on the tensile strength properties,because the PET tubular fabric provides most of the strength support rather than PCL membrane.     

关于高速公路排水设施的养护措施探讨

中国高速公路虽然起步较发达国家晚,但是发展却是惊人的迅速。＂十二五＂期间,伴随甘肃省交通厅＂中心辐射,东西推进,区域带动,全面提升＂的发展新战略的全面实施,到2015年,全省公路总里程将达到1.3×105km,其中高速公路就有3.6×103km,面对新方向和新目标,如何建设好、养护好这些公路,如何保障已通车公路的安全通畅,也是给公路养护管理部门提出的一项新挑战。主要针对高速公路排水设施的重要性和养护工作进行探讨,并从养护技术和养护管理两个方面提出一些具体建议。     

医用PPDO倒刺缝合线的体外降解性能

可降解倒刺缝合线的降解过程需要与伤口愈合时间相适应，为了深入研究聚对二氧环己酮(poly(p-dioxanone),PPDO)倒刺缝合线的倒刺结构及缝合线规格对其降解情况的影响，采用多种规格的PPDO倒刺缝合线和PPDO光滑缝合线进行体外实时降解试验对比。结合不同降解时间点，对缝合线的形貌、直径、质量、热力学性能、红外光谱及力学性能的变化情况进行分析。研究结果表明：倒刺缝合线在降解8星期(56 d)内的各项性能较稳定，可在伤口愈合过程中为软组织提供一定的力学支持，但8星期后缝合线发生碎裂且降解过程加快，倒刺结构和缝合线规格对PPDO缝合线的降解无明显影响。研究为后续PPDO倒刺缝合线体内降解试验和临床应用提供了依据。     

“微-纳”PCL纤维支架多级结构对巨噬细胞极化状态的调控

为探究纤维基材料的孔径和表面形貌对巨噬细胞极化表型的影响，结合静电纺丝技术和溶液诱导结晶法制备不同孔径的微-纳多级结构聚己内酯(polycaprolactone, PCL)纤维支架。通过微观形貌分析及水接触角、拉伸性能和生物性能测试分别评价支架的形貌、润湿性、力学性能及其调控的巨噬细胞极化表型。结果表明：大直径的纤维支架比小直径的纤维支架的孔径大、刚度低，更有利于巨噬细胞向M2型极化(抑炎表型)。相比光滑的纤维支架，具有串晶结构的大孔径纤维支架能够促进巨噬细胞分泌抑炎细胞因子IL-4,并减少促炎因子IL-6的分泌。     

PPDO/可降解铁混合编织血管支架的结构设计及力学性能

针对用聚对二氧环己酮(PPDO)制备的血管支架(PS)存在支撑强度与支撑时间不足的现状，设计可降解金属Fe与PPDO混合编织血管支架(FPS)。为达到更好的支撑效果，设计并制备PPDO轴纱加固支架(tFPS)与PCL固结编织点加固支架(hFPS)。采用平板压缩法评价血管支架的径向压缩性能；采用弯折法(定性)与悬臂梁法(定量)评价血管支架的弯曲性能；对血管支架进行50 d的体外加速降解试验，观察支架的形貌变化并计算质量损失。结果表明：tFPS、hFPS的径向支撑力相比PS、FPS提高约2倍，有利于保持血管支架植入前期的支撑性能；hFPS的柔顺性优于tFPS;所有支架均具有超过30 d的力学稳定性，FPS、hFPS、tFPS的PPDO组分降解速度快于PS。总体而言，hFPS在降解过程中表现出优异的结构稳定性。