候选HCVE1蛋白疫苗在健康志愿者中的耐受性和免疫原性

比利时Ghent大学和医院的Leroux-Roels等在Vero细胞中表达了1b丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的E1蛋白，即羧基端截短的重组E1蛋白（192～326位氨基酸）。它装配形成20nm的病毒样颗粒后，在免疫小鼠中显示了良好的免疫原性。他们以之为候选疫苗，在20名男性志愿者中进行Ⅰ期临床试验。     

输用去除白膜层的RBC传播肺炎衣原体缺乏证据

肺炎衣原体常常是引起呼吸道感染的原因,另外,有许多报告显示,肺炎衣原体感染与局部缺血性心脏病有关,当在组织内(包括尾鞭型动脉粥样硬化组织)检测到肺炎衣原体抗原和DNA的时候,可能发生了持续感染。最近用敏感的PCR技术不仅能够在心血管病人外周血单核细胞(PBMNCs)内检测到肺炎衣原体DNA,而且也能够在中年献血者的PBMNCs内检测到。在瑞典北部携带肺炎衣原体DNA的献血者百分率(46％)很高。最近对冠状动脉心脏病病人的研究,使从循环的单核细胞中培养肺     

Heligmosomoides polygyrus inhibits established colitis in IL-10-deficient mice

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is prevalent in industrialized countries, but rare in less-developed countries. Helminths, common in less-developed countries, may induce immunoregulatory circuits protective against IBD. IL-10(-/-) mice given piroxicam develop severe and persistent colitis. Lamina propria mononuclear cells from colitic IL-10(-/-) mice released IFN-gamma and IL-12. The ongoing piroxicam-induced colitis could be partially blocked with anti-IL-12 monoclonal antibody suggesting that the inflammation was at least partly IL-12 dependent. Colonization of piroxicam-treated colitic IL-10(-/-) mice with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (an intestinal helminth) suppressed established inflammation and inhibited mucosal IL-12 and IFN-gamma production. H. polygyrus augmented mucosal IL-13, but not IL-4 or IL-5 production. Transfer of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells from IL-10(-/-) animals harboring H. polygyrus into colitic IL-10(-/-) recipients inhibited colitis. MLN T cells from worm-free mice did not. Foxp3 (scurfin) drives regulatory T cell function. H. polygyrus enhanced Foxp3 mRNA expression in MLN T cells that had regulatory activity. This suggests that H. polygyrus inhibits ongoing IL-10(-/-) colitis in part through blocking mucosal Th1 cytokine production. Resolution of inflammation is associated with increased IL-13 production and can be adoptively transferred by MLN T cells.     

脑源性神经营养因子与帕金森病

帕金森病 (PD)的最主要病理特征是中脑黑质致密部(substantia nigra pars com pacta,SNpc)多巴胺 (DA)能神经元的进行性退化变性 ,由于其机制还不清楚 ,因而限制了此病的临床治疗。脑源性神经营养因子 (brain- derived neu-rotrophic factor,BDNF)由 Barde等于 1982年在猪脑中首次发现 ,其氨基酸序列有 5 5 %～ 6 0 %与神经生长因子 (nervegrowth factor,NGF)完全相同 ,也属神经营养素 (neu-rotrophin)家族的成员 ,BDNF可通过其高亲和力受体 trk B和低亲和力受体 p75 NTR发挥生物活性 ,能够促进多种神经元的存活 ,尤其对 DA能神经…     

霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体诊断应用的研究——Ⅱ.酶标霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体快速检测霍乱弧菌的实验研究

本文就所获得的12株霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体中有种特异性的三株(2B_1H_1C_6,2B_1H_1F_6及2B_1H_1F_3)单克隆抗体及抗霍乱弧菌多克隆抗体,作酶标抗体直接法和间接法,对霍乱弧菌模拟标本进行快速检测,探究在临床诊断应用中的价值。结果表明,酶标McAb较酶标多克隆抗体敏感,前者在10~4/ml菌时可以检出,后者要在10~4～10~6/ml菌时才能检出;同时表明酶标间接法比直法敏感,特异性实验结果显示酶标单克隆抗体对10株霍乱弧菌有很高的     

霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体诊断应用的研究——Ⅳ.McAb吖啶橙(McAb-AO)简易免疫荧光菌团法快速检定霍乱弧菌的实验研究

将获得的12株霍乱弧菌单克隆抗体中的一株“2B_1H_1C_6”的McAb与荧光素吖啶橙标记制成简易AOFA、对霍乱弧菌模拟标本进行快速检测,研究其敏感性,特异性和实用性同时以霍乱弧菌多克隆抗体比较。结果表明:McAb-AO比PcAb-AO敏感度高,特异性强(前者仅对霍乱弧菌呈现荧光菌团,对其它肠道菌无交叉反应),在每毫升类模拟标本中含10个     

Immunogenicity of polymeric implants: long-term antibody response against polyester (Dacron) following the implantation of vascular prostheses into LEW.1A rats

Implanted biomaterials trigger acute and chronic inflammatory responses directly correlated to the central role of phagocytic cells at the host-implant interface. This study was designed to evaluate specific humoral immune responses following repeated intraperitoneal implantations of collagen-impregnated polyester (Dacron) prosthetic segments into LEWIS rats. Serum antibody detection was performed by enzyme immunoassay with the prosthetic segments as a target. Cutoff values for antibody positivity were greater than or equal to the 99th percentile for control rats. Polymer immunoglobiulin G (IgG) antibodies were significantly increased (p < 0.05) by repeated implantation and were subsequently followed until experimental day 293. Antibody formation was significantly enhanced through the application of complete Freund's adjuvant in combination with the first implantation. All rats within this group were antibody-positive on day 53, but only 6 of 10 animals that received the prosthesis without the adjuvant were. After preincubation of sera with bovine collagen type I (solid phase adsorbed or in solution), polymer antibody binding was discovered not to be diminished, indicating that the IgG antibodies detected were not directed against the prosthesis impregnation. Furthermore, a significant correlation was obtained between polymer antibody binding to collagen-impregnated and nonimpregnated prostheses (r(s) = 0.797, p < 0.001). There was no substantiated correlation between antibody binding to polyester and to an irrelevant polymer (Tecoflex EG 80). We conclude that specific polymer antibodies may indeed provide an additional parameter for biocompatibility testing as well as a possible serological marker of an inflammatory response to implants.     

新生儿主动脉缩窄段切除和端端吻合矫治术

目的介绍新生儿主动脉缩窄切除和传统的或扩大的端端吻合术经验。方法对25例主动脉缩窄新生儿,行主动脉缩窄段切除和传统的或扩大的端端吻合术,手术均经左胸后外侧第3肋间进胸。结果全组患儿无手术死亡,无神经系统并发症。随访2～24个月,平均8.2个月。术后多普勒超声测定跨修复点压力阶差(1.6±0.8)kPa较术前(6.8±2.1)kPa有显著性降低(P＜0.05)。结论主动脉缩窄段切除和端端吻合术是矫治新生儿主动脉缩窄的有效方法,扩大的端端吻合术适用于主动脉弓发育不良的患儿。     

A breast cancer screening educational intervention targeting medical office staff

There is persistent evidence that breast cancer screening techniques remain under-utilized. While physicians cite lack of time as a barrier to the provision of preventive services, nurses and other medical office staff are in an ideal position to educate women and motivate adherence to screening recommendations. This paper describes the design, implementation and process evaluation of a breast cancer screening educational program targeting primary care medical office staff. This intervention was conducted in two Washington State counties as part of a larger community organization study. The PRECEDE model, educational outreach principles and focus groups were used to guide the program development. Consistent with 'academic detailing' concepts, the sessions were delivered at health care facilities. The program included a review of breast cancer-related data and screening methods, an overview of the nurse's role as a 'change agent' and breast self-examination instructor, and a discussion of women's barriers to mammography. Community-level penetration was relatively high, with sessions being completed by approximately 50% of the eligible staff. Overall, participants were positive about the value of the program. Medical office-based educational sessions have the potential of reaching a large proportion of primary health care workers and increasing disease prevention in communities.