不同林地清理方式下生物炭和氮添加对桉树红锥混交林土壤养分的影响

【目的】阐明不同林地清理方式下(火烧清理和人工清理)生物炭和氮添加对桉树红锥混交林土壤养分的影响,为人工林的经营管理提供参考。【方法】在火烧清理和人工清理林地的桉树红锥混交林中,设置生物炭和氮添加的控制实验,研究生物炭和氮添加对土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、有效磷(AP)和有效钾(AK)含量的影响。【结果】不同林地清理方式下,生物炭和氮添加对林地土壤养分的影响存在差异:与对照相比,人工清理林地时,添加生物炭显著增加了20～40cm土层的AP含量;氮添加极显著增加了0～10cm土层的SOC、TP、AP含量和C∶N;10～20cm土层的SOC、AK含量,20～40cm土层的AP和AK含量也显著增加;而0～10cm土层的N∶P则极显著降低。林地清理方式为火烧清理时,生物炭添加极显著增加0～10cm土层的TP含量,而0～10cm、10～20cm土层的SOC和AK含量,0～10cm土层的C∶N,10～20cm的AP∶TP、C∶P以及0～10cm、10～20cm、20～40cm土层的AK∶TK显著降低,0～10cm土层的AP含量、AP∶TP、C∶P和N∶P更是极显著降低。氮添加显著降低10～20cm土层的N∶P以及0～10cm土层的AP∶TP,0～10cm土层的AP含量以及10～20cm的TN含量下降达到极显著水平。【结论】人工清理林地条件下,实施生物炭和氮添加有利于提高桉树红锥混交林的土壤养分。     

城市二级排水回用作循环冷却水处理技术

城市二级排水回用作循环冷却水 ,重点是应去除二级排水中的COD和氨氮 ,本文介绍了相关的净化技术 ,并对其进行了评价     

海南省部分旅游区公众环境意识的调查与思考

环境保护是我国一项基本国策,关系着经济和社会发展.公众的环境意识对于环境保护工作的成效有极大影响.经调查,海南省旅游区公众环境意识与公众的文化程度、环境保护法规的宣传教育、旅游区的环境管理等有关联.     

A rare variant in MYH6 is associated with high risk of sick sinus syndrome

Through complementary application of SNP genotyping, whole-genome sequencing and imputation in 38,384 Icelanders, we have discovered a previously unidentified sick sinus syndrome susceptibility gene, MYH6, encoding the alpha heavy chain subunit of cardiac myosin. A missense variant in this gene, c.2161C>T, results in the conceptual amino acid substitution p.Arg721Trp, has an allelic frequency of 0.38% in Icelanders and associates with sick sinus syndrome with an odds ratio = 12.53 and P = 1.5 × 10?2?. We show that the lifetime risk of being diagnosed with sick sinus syndrome is around 6% for non-carriers of c.2161C>T but is approximately 50% for carriers of the c.2161C>T variant.     

Variants conferring risk of atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in humans and is characterized by chaotic electrical activity of the atria. It affects one in ten individuals over the age of 80 years, causes significant morbidity and is an independent predictor of mortality. Recent studies have provided evidence of a genetic contribution to AF. Mutations in potassium-channel genes have been associated with familial AF but account for only a small fraction of all cases of AF. We have performed a genome-wide association scan, followed by replication studies in three populations of European descent and a Chinese population from Hong Kong and find a strong association between two sequence variants on chromosome 4q25 and AF. Here we show that about 35% of individuals of European descent have at least one of the variants and that the risk of AF increases by 1.72 and 1.39 per copy. The association with the stronger variant is replicated in the Chinese population, where it is carried by 75% of individuals and the risk of AF is increased by 1.42 per copy. A stronger association was observed in individuals with typical atrial flutter. Both variants are adjacent to PITX2, which is known to have a critical function in left-right asymmetry of the heart.     

Two newly identified genetic determinants of pigmentation in Europeans

We present results from a genome-wide association study for variants associated with human pigmentation characteristics among 5,130 Icelanders, with follow-up analyses in 2,116 Icelanders and 1,214 Dutch individuals. Two coding variants in TPCN2 are associated with hair color, and a variant at the ASIP locus shows strong association with skin sensitivity to sun, freckling and red hair, phenotypic characteristics similar to those affected by well-known mutations in MC1R.     

Genetic determinants of hair, eye and skin pigmentation in Europeans

Hair, skin and eye colors are highly heritable and visible traits in humans. We carried out a genome-wide association scan for variants associated with hair and eye pigmentation, skin sensitivity to sun and freckling among 2,986 Icelanders. We then tested the most closely associated SNPs from six regions--four not previously implicated in the normal variation of human pigmentation--and replicated their association in a second sample of 2,718 Icelanders and a sample of 1,214 Dutch. The SNPs from all six regions met the criteria for genome-wide significance. A variant in SLC24A4 is associated with eye and hair color, a variant near KITLG is associated with hair color, two coding variants in TYR are associated with eye color and freckles, and a variant on 6p25.3 is associated with freckles. The fifth region provided refinements to a previously reported association in OCA2, and the sixth encompasses previously described variants in MC1R.     

高校图书馆人力资源的开发与继续教育

本文分析我国高校图书馆人力资源的现状,论述人力资源的概念和特征以及人力资源开发的含义和内容,最后提出了图书馆员继续教育的原则和途径.     

断面一体化系统在山区高速公路测量中的应用

根据道路设计信息,推导出线路坐标系下任意中桩点的坐标计算公式和横断面方位角,由计算得到的横断面方向指导野外GPS断面测量.在测量过程中引入Windows CE技术,采用嵌入式编程对GPS采集的数据实时进行处理,重点对GPS数据通讯模块、GPS数据实时显示模块、横断面碎步测量模块进行了设计和研究.解决了山区高速公路断面测量自由设站的难题,实现了断面图形实时动态显示、内外业处理一体化的功能.该系统用于沪蓉西高速路的测量,结果表明:采用RTK(real-time kinematic)技术的内外业一体化系统能够实现山区高速路外业测量和内业处理的一体化.     

基于ADAMS的纵轴式掘进机模态分析

为了分析纵轴式掘进机的振动特性,利用ProE/ADAMS联合仿真方法建立了纵轴式掘进机整机多刚体动力学模型,采用ADAMS/vibration振动模块对掘进机整机进行模态分析,在PostProcessing中绘制各阶模态坐标图、二维和三维频响图,得到了前19阶整机动态响应特性和模态振型。分析表明,各阶模态下机器不会发生共振,但第6阶模态对模型振动影响较大,主要是机身带动回转台及履带机构振动;在0.8 Hz左右悬臂和伸缩油缸振动较明显,截割头、悬臂及伸缩油缸的振动在超过4.0 Hz后趋于稳定。在5.0 Hz左右,机身、回转油缸、履带振动明显。超过5.0 Hz以后,升降油缸以及履带机构的振动变得明显。所得结果为改进纵轴式掘进机设计、改善机器工作性能提供了依据。