就业形势、学科沿革与培养计划调整——初探西藏高校经济学专业培养方案的进一步优化

自2006年始,我区步入了以市场为基础的就业新形势,同时,经济学科发展呈现多元化、微观化和数量化等态势.社会发展态势的变化要求西藏高校的经济系的培养方案进行优化,文章以西藏大学经济系为具体案例,探索了经济学系的课程设置的应用性和实践性,激励教师投入社会和科研实践以转换教学方式方法和丰富授课内容,并进一步加强建设实习基地并提高利用效率.     

Sparse optical microstimulation in barrel cortex drives learned behaviour in freely moving mice

Electrical microstimulation can establish causal links between the activity of groups of neurons and perceptual and cognitive functions. However, the number and identities of neurons microstimulated, as well as the number of action potentials evoked, are difficult to ascertain. To address these issues we introduced the light-gated algal channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) specifically into a small fraction of layer 2/3 neurons of the mouse primary somatosensory cortex. ChR2 photostimulation in vivo reliably generated stimulus-locked action potentials at frequencies up to 50 Hz. Here we show that naive mice readily learned to detect brief trains of action potentials (five light pulses, 1 ms, 20 Hz). After training, mice could detect a photostimulus firing a single action potential in approximately 300 neurons. Even fewer neurons (approximately 60) were required for longer stimuli (five action potentials, 250 ms). Our results show that perceptual decisions and learning can be driven by extremely brief epochs of cortical activity in a sparse subset of supragranular cortical pyramidal neurons.     

中意合作西藏羊八井ARGO-YBJ实验成果概览

文章简要介绍了中意合作西藏羊八井ARGO-YBJ宇宙线观测实验的物理目标和探测原理,重点概述了ARGO-YBJ阵列自2007年稳定运行以来在宇宙线实验观测中取得的重要成果,如甚高能γ点源、大尺度各向异性、宇宙线月亮阴影效应和全粒子谱等。     

A detailed look at crude oil price volatility prediction using macroeconomic variables

We investigate whether crude oil price volatility is predictable by conditioning on macroeconomic variables. We consider a large number of predictors, take into account the possibility that relative predictive performance varies over the out-of-sample period, and shed light on the economic drivers of crude oil price volatility. Results using monthly data from 1983:M1 to 2018:M12 document that variables related to crude oil production, economic uncertainty and variables that either describe the current stance or provide information about the future state of the economy forecast crude oil price volatility at the population level 1 month ahead. On the other hand, evidence of finite-sample predictability is very weak. A detailed examination of our out-of-sample results using the fluctuation test suggests that this is because relative predictive performance changes drastically over the out-of-sample period. The predictive power associated with the more successful macroeconomic variables concentrates around the Great Recession until 2015. They also generate the strongest signal of a decrease in the price of crude oil towards the end of 2008.     

对加强我校政治辅导员队伍建设的几点思考

政治辅导员队伍是高校学生思想政治工作队伍的重要组成部分,建设好这支队伍,对全面贯彻党的教育方针,提高办学水平和教育教学质量,维护学校稳定具有十分重要的意义。文章结合周济部长在全国高校辅导员队伍建设工作会议上的报告,对我校大学生的特点和目前政治辅导员队伍现状进行了分析,对我校辅导员队伍建设提出了一些建设性意见。     

Modeling and forecasting aggregate stock market volatility in unstable environments using mixture innovation regressions

We perform Bayesian model averaging across different regressions selected from a set of predictors that includes lags of realized volatility, financial and macroeconomic variables. In our model average, we entertain different channels of instability by either incorporating breaks in the regression coefficients of each individual model within our model average, breaks in the conditional error variance, or both. Changes in these parameters are driven by mixture distributions for state innovations (MIA) of linear Gaussian state‐space models. This framework allows us to compare models that assume small and frequent as well as models that assume large but rare changes in the conditional mean and variance parameters. Results using S&P 500 monthly and quarterly realized volatility data from 1960 to 2014 suggest that Bayesian model averaging in combination with breaks in the regression coefficients and the error variance through MIA dynamics generates statistically significantly more accurate forecasts than the benchmark autoregressive model. However, compared to a MIA autoregression with breaks in the regression coefficients and the error variance, we fail to provide any drastic improvements.     

Selective cortical representation of attended speaker in multi-talker speech perception

Humans possess a remarkable ability to attend to a single speaker's voice in a multi-talker background. How the auditory system manages to extract intelligible speech under such acoustically complex and adverse listening conditions is not known, and, indeed, it is not clear how attended speech is internally represented. Here, using multi-electrode surface recordings from the cortex of subjects engaged in a listening task with two simultaneous speakers, we demonstrate that population responses in non-primary human auditory cortex encode critical features of attended speech: speech spectrograms reconstructed based on cortical responses to the mixture of speakers reveal the salient spectral and temporal features of the attended speaker, as if subjects were listening to that speaker alone. A simple classifier trained solely on examples of single speakers can decode both attended words and speaker identity. We find that task performance is well predicted by a rapid increase in attention-modulated neural selectivity across both single-electrode and population-level cortical responses. These findings demonstrate that the cortical representation of speech does not merely reflect the external acoustic environment, but instead gives rise to the perceptual aspects relevant for the listener's intended goal.     

Synthesis and characterization of carbon-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNPs) were prepared via a reverse micelle method. The CFNPs were subsequently coated with carbon shells by means of thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). In this process, acetylene gas (C₂H₂) was used as a carbon source and the coating was carried out for 1, 2, or 3 h at 750°C. The Ar/C₂H₂ ratio was 10:1. Heating during the TCVD process resulted in a NP core size that approached 30 nm; the thickness of the shell was less than 10 nm. The composition, structure, and morphology of the fabricated composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction, simultaneous thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and selected-area diffraction. A vibrating sample magnetometer was used to survey the samples’ magnetic properties. The deposited carbon shell substantially affected the growth and magnetic properties of the CFNPs. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to study the carbon coating and revealed that the deposited carbon comprised graphite, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and diamond- like carbon. With an increase in coating time, the intensity ratio between the amorphous and ordered peaks in the Raman spectra decreased, which indicated an increase in crystallite size.     

浅谈公安高校刑事侦查案例教学

刑事侦查专业是公安高校学科建设的重要组成部分,具有理论性、专业性、信息量大等特点。在教学过程中,针对性、时效性强的刑事侦查案例能够极大地发挥学员的主观能动性,得到很好的教学效果。文章针对公安高校刑事侦查案例教学的特点、方法、设计等方面进行了探讨。