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Emmanuel Blot Elsie Staub 《Journal of clinical oncology》2003,21(20):3887; author reply 3887-3887; author reply 3888
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Wong-Ho Chow Leonard M. Schuman Joseph K. McLaughlin Erik Bjelke Gloria Gridley Sholom Wacholder Harvey T. Co Chien William J. Blot 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》1992,3(3):247-254
In 1966, a cohort of White males aged 35 or over, who were policy-holders with the Lutheran Brotherhood Insurance Society (United States), completed a mail questionnaire on tobacco use, diet, and demographic characteristics. During the 20 years of follow-up, 219 lung cancer deaths occurred. Besides the strong relationship with cigarette smoking, we observed an effect on lung cancer risk among current users of cigars or pipes who were nonsmokers of cigarettes (relative risk [RR]=3.5, 95 percent confidence interval[CI]=1.0–12.6) or who were past/occasional users of cigarettes (RR=2.7, CI=1.4–5.3). In addition, elevated risks (from 1.5 to 2.6) of lung cancer were found among craftsmen and laborers, with the highest risks among subjects who worked in the mining or manufacturing industry. No association between current (as of 1966) use of beer or hard liquor and lung cancer was observed, although past users were at elevated risk. An inverse association between lung cancer and intake of fruits was observed, and risks of lung cancer were lower among persons in the highest dietary intake quintiles of vitamins A and C. Except for oranges, however, none of the inverse associations with fruits or dietary nutrients had statistically significant trends. The findings from this cohort study add to the evidence of an adverse effect of cigar/pipe smoking and possibly protective effect of dietary factors on lung cancer risk. 相似文献
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Arianne C Lim Kitty WM Bloemenkamp Kees Boer Johannes J Duvekot Jan Jaap HM Erwich Tom HM Hasaart Pieter Hummel Ben WJ Mol Jos PM Offermans Charlotte M van Oirschot Job G Santema Hubertina CJ Scheepers Willem A Schöls Frank PHA Vandenbussche Maurice GAJ Wouters Hein W Bruinse 《BMC pregnancy and childbirth》2007,7(1):1-6
Background
Adequate vitamin D concentrations during pregnancy are necessary to neonatal calcium homeostasis, bone maturation and mineralization. The aim of study is to evaluate serum vitamin D concentrations in mothers and their newborns and effect of vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy outcomes.Methods
552 pregnant women were recruited from Tehran University educating hospitals in the winter of 2002. Maternal and cord blood samples were taken at delivery. The serum was assayed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone.Results
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in maternal and cord blood samples were 66.8% and 93.3%, respectively (<35 nmol/l). There was significant correlation between maternal and cord blood serum concentrations of vitamin D. In mothers with vitamin D deficiency, cord blood vitamin D concentrations was lower than those from normal mothers (P = .001). Also, a significant direct correlation was seen between maternal vitamin D intake and weight gain during pregnancy.Conclusion
Consideration to adequate calcium and vitamin D intake during pregnancy is essential. Furthermore, we think it is necessary to reconsider the recommendation for vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. 相似文献6.
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Second primary tumors in patients with oral cancer. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
BACKGROUND. Patients with cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx have been described to be particularly susceptible to the development of new cancers. METHODS. Using data collected during 1973-1987 by nine population-based cancer registries in the United States, the authors evaluated risks of second primary cancers among 21,371 patients in whom oral and pharyngeal cancers were diagnosed. RESULTS. The rate of development of second tumors was 3.7% per year. The risk of a second primary cancer was 2.8 times greater than expected, with 20-fold excesses of second oral or esophageal cancers and 4-fold to 7-fold increases of respiratory cancers. Increased risks persisted unabated for cancers diagnosed 5 or more years after oral cancer, suggesting that the second cancers were new primary tumors and not misdiagnosed metastases. The increased risks of second primary tumors were found among both men and women and black and white patients; they were most prominent among patients who were 60 years or younger. CONCLUSIONS. The exceptionally high rate of cancer recurrence among patients with oral cancer (exceeding that for all other cancers) points to the need for close medical surveillance. Special emphasis should be placed on advising patients to avoid or limit consumption of tobacco and alcohol, the main risk factors for oral and most second cancers. 相似文献
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AR Jones BSC AJP Sandison FRCS WJ Owen MS FRCS 《International journal of clinical practice》1997,51(5):294-295
Pre-clerking of all patients undergoing elective general surgical operations was introduced at our hospital in an attempt to reduce an unacceptably high operation cancellation rate. A prospective audit has been performed on the effect of this policy on the cancellation rate. Before the introduction of pre-clerking there was a marked seasonal variation in the number of patients who failed to attend for surgery, which could be explained by absence on holiday. This seasonal variation disappeared after the start of pre-clerking clinics, but there has been no reduction in the number of cancellations for medical reasons. 相似文献
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