用辛伐他汀降胆固醇对卒中的影响

业已证实，低血清胆固醇浓度与低冠状动脉病危险性有很强的联系，但与低卒中危险性却无相关性。尽管如此，以前的一些随机试验表明，他汀类药物降胆固醇疗法可降低卒中的危险性，但还需要大规模前瞻性研究证实。     

糖尿病视网膜病变合并视网膜静脉阻塞荧光素眼底血管造影分析

目的分析单纯型糖尿病视网膜病变(Diabetic Retinopathy,DR)合并视网膜静脉阻塞的荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)的特征。方法对98例单纯型糖尿病视网膜病变者中11例合并视网膜静脉栓塞(Retinal Vein Occlusion,RVO)的患者,进行荧光素眼底造影检查,进行回顾性分析。结果单纯型DR同时合并视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)者,其高发阻塞部位与单一眼底静脉阻塞部位(以颞上方最多见)有所不同;DR病人中同时发生RVO的机率(10.2%)高于正常人群。结论糖尿病视网膜病变患者较易合并RVO。     

上海市杨浦区幼儿园儿童眼轴的光学相干生物测量调查与分析

目的 探讨学龄前正常发育状态下,幼儿园学龄前儿童眼轴长度的分布范围和发育规律,为近视的早期预防提供理论依据.方法 对上海市杨浦区104所幼儿园儿童进行全覆盖的眼轴测量,排除弱视、近视和有高度近视家族史者的情况下,筛选出正常身高、体重的儿童14 584名(共29 168眼)进行分析.采用Zeiss IOL Master光学相干生物测量仪测量眼轴长度.参照上海市制定的男、女儿童年龄划分标准,将被调查儿童分别划分为○～Ⅷ9个不同年龄段,再进行各组数据对照分析.结果 男、女儿童9个组中,Ⅷ(年龄为≥6.5～＜7)组样本量均较小,分析结果不稳定,不对其进行分析.○～Ⅶ8个年龄组眼轴数据显示:①女童各个年龄段之间的眼轴总体比较差异有统计学意义(F=85.25,P＜0.000 1);除○与Ⅰ组、Ⅵ与Ⅶ组两两比较差异无统计学意义之外,其余各组间比较差异均有统计学意义.②男童的眼轴总体比较差异有统计学意义(F=110.38,P＜0.000 1),○～Ⅶ各年龄组间相互比较亦均有统计学意义.③性别、年龄、身高、体重对眼轴均有影响.结论 2.5 ～6.5岁儿童不论男女,眼轴均处于快速增长期.总体结果显示,学龄前阶段眼轴生长迅速,应该列为近视早期预防的重点阶段.     

上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童弱视调查分析

ObjectiveTo investigate the amblyopia status of preschool children in the Yangpu district of Shanghai， and to analyze the incidence and distribution of amblyopia based on a new diagnostic standard. MethodsUsing a cross-sectional investigation method， 13 288 children aged 3 to 6 years who were enrolled in 96 kindergardens in the Yangpu District of Shanghai were included in this investigation. Visual acuity and refractive status were examined， and the incidence of amblyopia was evaluated using a new diagnostic criteria. Subsequently， the distribution of amblyopia was evaluated by a chi-square test and trend chi-square test. ResultsThe incidence of amblyopia was much higher when using the old criterion compared to the new one （63.52% and 0.91%， respectively， P<0.01）. In this cohort study of amblyopia， refractive error amblyopia accounted for 72.7%， anisometropic amblyopia accounted for 14.5%， strabismic amblyopia accounted for 9.1%， and deprivation amblyopia accounted for 3.6%. The incidence of amblyopia was much higher in 4-5 year olds （χ2=27.52， P<0.01）， but there was no difference in the incidence of amblyopia between genders（χ2=0.41， P>0.05）. ConclusionThe main reasons for amblyopia in preschool children in the Yangpu District were refractive error， anisometropia， strabismus and deprivation amblyopia. Taking into account the importance of visual development patterns in the diagnosis of amblyopia in children， age was considered as a factor in the diagnosis of amblyopia based on the new diagnostic criterion. This avoided a higher number of amblyopia diagnoses and excessive treatment.     

用辛伐他汀降胆固醇对卒中的影响

业已证实,低血清胆固醇浓度与低冠状动脉病危险性有很强的联系,但与低卒中危险性却无相关性。尽 管如此,以前的一些随机试验表明,他汀类药物降胆固醇疗法可降低卒中的危险性,但还需要大规模前瞻性 研究证实。     

中西医结合治疗白内障术后慢性眼内炎1例

随着白内障摘出与人工晶状体手术的普遍开展,白内障术后的迟发型眼内炎的报道日益增多,越来越受到人们的关注,对该并发症的治疗一直是业内棘手的问题。我们遇到1例"白内障术后迟发性眼内炎"的患者拒绝创伤性诊治,采用中西医结合治疗收到满意效果。报告如下。患者,庞xx,男,78岁,术前诊断:左眼糖尿病性白内障。有"糖尿病(血糖空服7.3mmol/L)、肾功能不全(轻度)"史。术