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1.
Daniel T. Payne Mandeep K. Chahal V clav B&rcaron ezina Whitney A. Webre Katsuhiko Ariga Francis D Souza Jan Labuta Jonathan P. Hill 《Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering》2020,14(1):28
Chiral 1,1’-binaphthyl-linked diporphyrin ‘tweezers’ (R)-1/(S)-1 and the corresponding zinc(II) complexes (R)-2/(S)-2 were prepared as chiral host molecules, and their utility for chiral analyses (especially enantiomeric excess (ee) determinations) were evaluated. Tris(1-n-dodecyl)porphyrins were used for the first time as the interacting units. Host capabilities of the diporphyrin tweezers were investigated by titrations with (R,R)- and (S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine (CHDA). The host molecules could be used as multichannel probes of ee by using UV-vis, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence emission and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) methods. Chiral configurations could also be differentiated using CD or 1H-NMR spectroscopy. All three optical techniques give good resolution of ee with reasonable sensitivity considering the low concentrations used (ca. 10−6 mol·L−1). The ee determination of CHDA enantiomers using NMR spectroscopy is also possible because of the reasonably well separated resonances in the case of (R,R)- and (S,S)-CHDA. Non-metallated (R)-1/(S)-1 hosts could not be used to detect chiral information in a strongly acidic chiral guest. This work demonstrates the utility of 1,1’-binapthyl-linked chiral hosts for chiral analysis of ditopically interacting enantiomers. 相似文献
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Based on an analogy between thermodynamics and Bayesian inference,inverse halftoning was formulated using multiple halftone images based on Bayesian inference using the maximizer of the posterior marginal(MPM) estimate.Applying Monte Carlo simulation to a set of snapshots of the Q-Ising model,it was demonstrated that optimal performance is achieved around the Bayes-optimal condition within statistical uncertainty and that the performance of the Bayes-optimal solution is superior to that of the maximum-a-posteriori(MAP) estimation which is a deterministic limit of the MPM estimate.These properties were qualitatively confirmed by the mean-field theory using an infinite-range model established in statistical mechanics.Additionally,a practical and useful method was constructed using the statistical mechanical iterative method via the Bethe approximation.Numerical simulations for a 256-grayscale standard image show that Bethe approximation works as good as the MPM estimation if the parameters are set appropriately. 相似文献
5.
Extraction and implementation of muscle synergies in neuro-mechanical control of upper limb movement
Hang Pham Yohei Ariga Kenta Tominaga Takanori Oku Kanna Nakayama Mitsunori Uemura 《Advanced Robotics》2014,28(11):745-757
This work faces the redundancy problem, a central concern in robotics, in a particular force-producing task by using muscle synergies to simplify the control. We extracted muscle synergies from human electromyograph signals and interpreted the physical meaning of the identified muscle synergies. Based on the human analysis results, we hypothesized a novel control framework that can explain the mechanism of the human motor control. The framework was tested in controlling a pneumatic-driven robotic arm to perform a reaching task. This control method, which uses only two synergies as manipulated variables for driving antagonistic pneumatic artificial muscles to generate desired movements, would be useful to deal with the redundancy problem; thus, suggesting a simple but efficient control for human-like robots to work safely and compliantly with humans. 相似文献
6.
Katsuhiko Ariga Takashi Nakanishi Yukiko Terasaka Jun-ichi Kikuchi 《Journal of Porous Materials》2006,13(3):427-430
As a soft and flexible porous structure, a pore array of a steroid cyclophane SC(OH), which consists of the rigid 1,6,20,25-tetraaza[6.1.6.1]paracyclophane
ring connected to four steroid moieties (cholic acid) through flexible L-lysine spacers, was prepared at the air-water interface.
As confirmed by surface pressure (π)-molecular area (A) isotherms, transition between open conformation and cavity conformation
of the SC(OH) molecule was reversibly induced upon repeated compression and expansion of its monolayer at pH 11 where amino
groups of the lysine residues are not fully deprotonated. Capture and release of an aqueous fluorescent guest (TNS) by SC(OH)
was observed upon dynamic cavity formation through surface fluorescence spectroscopy. At pH 12, dynamic cavity formation of
SC(OH) was sufficiently suppressed, and the capture and release of an aqueous TNS by the monolayer was not virtually observed.
Lessened electrostatic repulsion between the SC(OH) molecules due to conversion of ammonium to free amine may prevent the
cavity from reopening. The importance of dynamic nature of cavity formation on the guest binding was also proved by control
experiments using SC(H), which cannot form cavity conformation at any surface pressures at both pH 11 and 12. 相似文献
7.
A. Vinu T. Krithiga N. Gokulakrishnan P. Srinivasu S. Anandan K. Ariga V. Murugesan V.V. Balasubramanian T. Mori 《Microporous and mesoporous materials》2007,100(1-3):87-94
Three-dimensional cage type iron substituted mesoporous silica with different iron contents (FeSBA-1) was synthesized in a highly acidic media using cetyltriethylammonium bromide and tetraethylorthosilicate as a template and a silica source, respectively. Acylation of toluene with acetic anhydride (AA) was carried out over FeSBA-1 mesoporous catalysts with different nSi/nFe ratios in the temperature range 80–180 °C for a time-on-stream of 1–6 h under liquid phase conditions. The important factors affecting the conversion and the selectivity of the reaction, such as the reaction temperature, feed ratio, catalyst weight and time-on-stream were studied and the results are discussed in detail. The reaction conditions were optimized and the nAA/nToluene ratio of 2 and catalyst weight of 0.1 g (3.3 wt% of total reaction mixture) were maintained for all catalytic runs. It was found that the catalytic activity is strongly influenced by the amount of tetrahedral iron in the catalysts. Among the catalysts used in the present study, FeSBA-1(36) showed a high toluene conversion and selectivity to p-methylacetophenone (p-MAP) under the optimized reaction conditions. It was also found that the selectivity for p-MAP was always higher than m-MAP and o-MAP for all the catalysts and the activity of the catalysts changes in the following order: FeSBA-1(36) > FeSBA-1(90) > FeSBA-1(120). 相似文献
8.
Free primary alcohols in oils and waxes from germs,kernels and other components of nuts,seeds, fruits and cereals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kazuko Kawanishi Kumlko Aoki Yohei Hashimoto Akira Matsunobu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(11):869-872
The composition of free primary alcohols in oils and waxes obtained from the germ, kernel, seed coat, shell and skin (peel)
of various nuts, seeds, fruits and cereals and from the chrysalis of silkworm was examined. These alcohols are usually present
in small amounts, along with large quantities of hydrocarbons, esters and glycerides in oils and waxes. Thus, it is necessary
to remove hydrocarbons, esters and glycerides to analyze the alcohols. We found that preparative reverse-phase thin-layer
chromatography (TLC) was the best way to isolate alcohols from oils and waxes. Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) then detected
hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol in the oils and waxes. Octacosanol usually was the predominant alcohol. Relationships
between the organs from nuts, seeds, fruits and cereals and the contents of octacosanol are suggested. For example, degermed
kernels contained two times more octacosanol than the germ, and the skin coat and shell contained one-half and one-fortieth
the octacosanol of the germ, respectively. 相似文献
9.
Pure bacterial homo poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers were prepared by melt spinning, followed by cold-drawing in an amorphous state at a temperature just above its glass transition temperature. Cold drawn fibers obtained were further drawn at higher temperatures, followed by annealing at various temperatures under tension. Relations among the processing conditions, higher order structures and mechanical properties were investigated using wide- and small-angle X-ray diffractions (WAXD and SAXD, respectively), birefringence, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile measurements. PHB has two different crystalline forms, 21 helix conformation (α-form) and planar zigzag conformation (β-form). A single broad reflection of β-form was detected even in a PHB fiber drawn once at a temperature just above its Tg immediately after quenching and it tended to be stronger after 2nd drawing at higher temperatures. Annealing under low temperature and high tension facilitates the occurrence of β-form. It is suggested that the β-form crystal is formed not only from the tie chains between α-form lamella, but also from completely free amorphous chains. Changes in the amount of two types of crystals were analyzed using the WAXD integrated intensity. Birefringence of these fibers shows negative and positive values, depending on process conditions. Changes in higher order structure on the mechanical properties are also discussed. 相似文献
10.
Yamauchi Toshihiro Akao Yohei Yoshitani Ryota Nakamura Yuichi Hashimoto Masaki 《International Journal of Information Security》2021,20(4):461-473
International Journal of Information Security - Cyberattacks, especially attacks that exploit operating system vulnerabilities, have been increasing in recent years. In particular, if administrator... 相似文献